The Somali Armed Forces are the military forces of the Federal Republic of Somalia. Headed by the President as Commander in Chief, they are constitutionally mandated to ensure the nation's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity.
The president of Somalia is the head of state of Somalia. The president is also commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The president represents the Federal Republic of Somalia, and the unity of the Somali nation, as well as ensuring the implementation of the Constitution of Somalia and the organised and harmonious functioning of the organs of state. The office of President of Somalia was established with the proclamation of the Republic of Somalia on 1 July 1960. The first president of Somalia was Aden Abdullah Osman Daar. Since his mandate expired on 16 February 2021 Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed ‘Farmaajo’ has been acting president.
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed was a Somali politician and former Colonel in the Somali National Army. He was one of the founders of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front, as well as the Puntland State of Somalia, where he served as the autonomous region's first President. In 2004, Ahmed also helped establish the Transitional Federal Government, which he led as President of Somalia from 2004 until 2008.
The Isaaq is a Somali clan. It is one of the major Somali clans in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. The clan-family was founded by Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed, an Arab Islamic scholar from the Banu Hashim clan who proselytized in the Horn of Africa in the 13th century and is the clan-family's forefather and common ancestor.
Gabiley, also known as Gebiley, is a city in the Maroodi Jeex region of Somaliland.
Mohamed Ali Samatar, also known as Ali Samatar was a Somali politician and lieutenant general. A senior member of the Supreme Revolutionary Council, he also served as the Prime Minister of Somalia from 1 February 1987 to 3 September 1990.
Harti, meaning "strong man", is a Somali clan family that is part of the Darod clan. The major sub-clans include the Majeerteen, Dhulbahante, Warsangali and Dishiishe, while other minor sub-clans consist of Kaskiqabe, Geesaguule and Liibaangashe.
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed is a Somali politician who served as the 7th President of Somalia from 2009 to 2012. He is the founder and leader of Himilo Qaran political party and also the founder and head of the Forum for National Parties of Somalia. His administration successfully brought the Federal Government of Somalia through transitional status following the collapse of the previous governing administration in 1991.
The Transitional Federal Government (TFG) was internationally recognized as a provisional government of the Republic of Somalia from April 2004 until 20 August 2012, when its tenure officially ended and the Federal Government of Somalia was inaugurated.
Over the course of the Somali Civil War, there have been many revolutionary movements and militia groups run by competing rebel leaders which have held de facto control over vast areas within Somalia
The Habr Awal, also contemporarily known as the Subeer Awal, and alternately romanized as the Zubeyr Awal is a major clan of the wider Isaaq clan family, and is further divided into eight sub-clans of whom the two largest and most prominent are the Sa'ad Musa and Issa Musa sub-clans. Its members form a part of the Habr Magaadle confederation. The Habr Awal traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. They are historically viewed as an affluent clan relative to other Somali clans. The Habr Awal are politically and economically influential in present-day Somaliland, and reside in strategic coastal and fertile lands.
The Puntland–Somaliland dispute is a territorial dispute over the provinces of Sool, Sanaag and the Buuhoodle district of Togdheer region between the self-declared Republic of Somaliland and the Puntland state of Somalia.
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, also known as Farmaajo, is a Somali politician who is the founder and chairman of the Tayo party. He was Prime Minister of Somalia for six months, from November 2010 until June 2011. He served a term as the 9th President of Somalia from 16 February 2017, and has been acting President since 8 February 2021. Since the expiration of his original term, the federal member states of Puntland and Jubaland no longer recognise Mohamed as the President of Somalia, but they eventually came to agreement on holding elections.
General Abdullahi Ali Omar, a.k.a. Daad, is a Somali military official. He previously served as Somalia's Chief of Army.
General Nuh Ismail Tani is the Chief of Staff of Somaliland Armed Forces. He hails from the Jibril Abokor, a Sa'ad Musa sub-division of the Habr Awal Isaaq clan that predominately inhabits the Gabiley region.
Ismail Mohamed Osman Shaqale was the Chief of Army of Somaliland. He was appointed as the Chief of Staff after General Mohamed Hasan Abdullahi was fired after 90 days on the job.
The Somaliland National Party, sometimes referred to as the Waddani National Party and better known by its shortened Somali form Waddani, is a political party in Somaliland. The party was founded by Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi (Irro) in 2012, ahead of the second municipal elections later that year.
General Mohamed Adam Ahmed is the Chief Staff of Somali Armed Forces. He took charge on 24 September 2015 after a major reshuffle in Somali force leaders including police. He served until April 2017, where he was replaced when President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed make a shakeup.
Events of 2017 in Somaliland.
The Sa'ad Musa or Saad Musa is a northern Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Habr Awal clan of the Isaaq clan family. The Sa'ad Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. The clan inhabits Somaliland, including Maroodi Jeex, and Sahil as well as Djibouti, the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya.
Somaliland 
Somaliland National Army 
Major general 
