Mowich River

Last updated
Mowich River
South Mowich River
Mowichwamap.png
The Mowich River is shown highlighted on a map of the Puyallup RIver watershed
Location
Country United States
State Washington
County Pierce
Physical characteristics
Source Mount Rainier
  location South Mowich Glacier
  coordinates 46°52′19″N121°49′34″W / 46.87194°N 121.82611°W / 46.87194; -121.82611 [1]
  elevation7,000 ft (2,100 m) [2]
Mouth Puyallup River
  coordinates
46°54′2″N122°1′49″W / 46.90056°N 122.03028°W / 46.90056; -122.03028 Coordinates: 46°54′2″N122°1′49″W / 46.90056°N 122.03028°W / 46.90056; -122.03028 [3]
  elevation
1,680 ft (510 m) [2]
Length30 mi (48 km)
Basin features
Tributaries 
  leftRushingwater Creek
  rightNorth Mowich River

The Mowich River is a river in the U.S. state of Washington. Its watershed drains a portion of the western side of Mount Rainier, part of the Cascade Range. The river has two main headwater branches, the South Mowich River and the North Mowich River. The South Mowich is significantly larger and sometimes considered the main river. [1] The Mowich and its tributaries drain several of Mount Rainier's glaciers. The upper portion of its watershed is contained within Mount Rainier National Park. The river flows into the Puyallup River in the foothills west of Mount Rainier.

Contents

The name "Mowich" come from the Chinook Jargon word for "deer". Originally used for Mowich Lake, the name was later applied to the river and the glacier. [4]

Sources

Meltwater from Mount Rainier's Edmunds Glacier, South Mowich Glacier, and North Mowich Glacier feed the north and south branches of the Mowich River. Other rivers originate in glaciers just south and north of the Mowich River's glaciers. To the south, the Puyallup Glacier gives rise to the Puyallup River, while to the north the Carbon Glacier creates the Carbon River.

South Mowich River

The South Mowich River's headwater tributaries flow around a highland called Jeanette Heights. The river, having been formed by meltwater from the South Mowich and Edmunds Glacier, flows northwest for several miles. Several (all unnamed) glacier-fed streams gather into the South Mowich River on its way to its confluence with the North Mowich. The two join just inside the western boundary of Mount Rainier National Park.

Another highland, the plateau-like Sunset Park lies just southwest of the South Mowich River. The Wonderland Trail passes through Sunset Park and descends into the valley of the South Mowich River, crossing it just above the confluence of the south and north branches. The Wonderland Trail then crosses the North Mowich River and climbs to Mowich Lake and another highland area called Spray Park.

North Mowich River

The North Mowich River's headwater tributaries drain North Mowich Glacier near an area of Mount Rainier called Division Rook. Shortly below the toe of the glacier, the river drops over a large wall, forming Moraine Falls, the first of two waterfalls on the river, both of which are very difficult to access and would take several days to reach on foot. [5] Giant Falls, just as difficult to reach, is located a ways downstream of Moraine Falls. [6] Ptarmigan Ridge separates the North Mowich River's headwaters from Spray Park, much of which is drained by other tributaries of the North Mowich River. Spray Creek rises in Spray Park, tumbles over Spray Falls, and collects a tributary called Grant Creek. Spray Creek then flows down from Spray Park and along the bottom of the steep slope called Eagle Cliff, after which it joins the river.

Shortly below the Spray Creek confluence, the North Mowich River is joined by Crater Creek, which flows from Mowich Lake a few miles to the north. Various tributary creeks, many of which drain Spray Park, flow into Crater Creek. The North and South Mowich Rivers then join just downstream.

Mowich River Proper

After the North Mowich and South Mowich join to form the Mowich River Proper which flows west. It passes Paul Peak to the north, then exits Mount Rainier National Park. Just outside the park the river is joined by Meadow Creek. Then the Mowich River flows by Martin Peak to the north before curving southwest and flowing through a broad, glacier-carved valley. Rushingwater Creek joins the Mowich River just before the Mowich River itself joins the Puyallup River. [7]

Tributaries

South Mowich River

No major tributaries

North Mowich River

Mowich River Proper

Geology

Formed by glacial meltwater, the Mowich River contains a heavy load of sediment such as silt and gravel. After descending from the upper slopes of Mount Rainier the Mowich River flows through a broad glacier-carved valley where thick sediment deposits in the stream bed create sand and gravel bars causing the river to become complexly braided and meandering. [8]

As with other rivers sourced high on Mount Rainier, the Mowich River valley, as well as the Puyallup into which the Mowich flows, are at risk of lahars.

See also

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Edmunds Glacier is located on Mount Rainier in the U.S. state of Washington. Named in 1883 for George F. Edmunds. The glacier lies on the western flank of the volcano below the steep, rocky Mowich Face and Sunset Face. Starting from an elevation of about 9,900 ft (3,000 m), the glacier flows northwest down to 7,000 ft (2,100 m) and ends northeast of the Jeanette Heights region of Mount Rainier. Meltwater from the Edmunds Glacier feeds the Mowich River which eventually merges with the Puyallup River.

Flett Glacier glacier in the United States

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The South Mowich Glacier is a glacier located on the western flank of Mount Rainier in Washington. It covers 1.4 square miles (3.6 km2) and contains 4.5 billion ft3 of ice. Starting from the high-altitude cliffs above the Sunset Amphitheater at over 12,000 feet (3,700 m), the glacier flows west down Mount Rainier. The glacier is connected to the large Tahoma Glacier to the south near St. Andrews Rock at 11,000 feet (3,400 m). After leaving the Amphitheater, there is an icefall on the glacier where it plunges down below 10,000 feet (3,000 m). As the glacier descends, it gradually turns and by the time the South Mowich meets the Puyallup Glacier at 8,800 feet (2,700 m), the glacier is flowing northwest. As the glacier nears Jeanette Heights, it passes by several turns and becomes very rocky in comparison to the upper sections of the glacier. The glacier splits into two arms before their termini, with a shorter, northern arm ending at 5,500 feet (1,700 m) and the longer, larger southern arm ending near a stand of conifers at 5,100 ft (1,600 m). Meltwater from the glacier drains into the South Mowich River which eventually merges with the Puyallup River.

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Tolmie Peak mountain in United States of America

Tolmie Peak is a 5,920+ -foot peak in the Mount Rainier area of the Cascade Range, in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Mowich Lake, in the northwest part of Mount Rainier National Park.

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Sulphide Creek River in the United States of America

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Spray Falls is a waterfall in the Mount Rainier National Park in Pierce County, Washington. The falls are fed by Spray Creek, which is a tributary of the Puyallup River. The falls drop about 354 feet (108 m) into a talus slope in a vailed horsetail form about 100 feet (30 m) wide.

References

  1. 1 2 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: South Mowich River
  2. 1 2 Google Earth elevation for GNIS coordinates.
  3. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Mowich River
  4. Phillips, James W. (1971). Washington State Place Names . University of Washington Press. ISBN   0-295-95158-3.
  5. "Moraine Falls, Pierce County, Washington - Northwest Waterfall Survey". Watefallsnorthwest.com. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  6. "Giant Falls, Pierce County, Washington - Northwest Waterfall Survey". Watefallsnorthwest.com. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  7. Course info mainly from: Washington Road & Recreation Atlas. Benchmark Maps. 2000. and Topozone.com
  8. Knoblach, David A. (2000) [1999]. "Flood Control along the Lower Puyallup River". Archived from the original on September 13, 2006. Retrieved 2007-07-18.