Muda River | |
---|---|
Native name | Sungai Muda (Malay) |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | |
• location | Ulu Muda, Sik District, Kedah |
Mouth | |
• location | Sungai Petani/Kuala Muda, into the Straits of Malacca |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
Length | 203 km (126 mi) |
Basin size | 4,302 km2 (1,661 sq mi) [1] |
Discharge | |
• average | 105 m3/s (3,700 cu ft/s) [2] |
Basin features | |
Population | Towns and settlements along the river basin Sik Kuala Ketil Kepala Batas (Penang) Sungai Petani Kota Kuala Muda |
Tributaries | |
• left | Ketil River; Sedim River |
The Muda River (Malay : Sungai Muda) is the longest river in Kedah, Malaysia.
Sourced in Ulu Muda Forest in Sik region in northeastern Kedah, along the border with Thailand, the river meets the water needs of the states of Kedah and Penang. The river flows through much of Sik region, then entering the Baling region where it meets with the Ketil river, a left-bank tributary, at Kuala Ketil.
It then flows westward, passing through the southern suburbs of Kedah's second largest city Sungai Petani, and forming the natural boundary between Kuala Muda District and North Seberang Perai District on the Penangite side. The Muda river then empties into the Straits of Malacca at Kota Kuala Muda (Kuala Muda meaning lower Muda, or the estuary of the Muda river in Malay).
The Beris Dam, which was completed in 2004 at a cost of RM360 million, is used to regulate the flow of water along the Muda River basin to augment water available for irrigation of paddy or upland crops, for domestic and industrial water supply and other uses.
The Muda River Basin received an annual precipitation of 2,160 to 2,000 mm (85 to 79 in) a year from 1985 to 2015. Mean monthly maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperature at the Ampangan Muda station ranged from 30.9 to 34.5 °C (87.6 to 94.1 °F) and 21 to 23.5 °C (69.8 to 74.3 °F), respectively. [3]
During the monsoon season the rain can lead to heavy flooding. On 6 October 2003, the discharge at Landang Victoria River gauging station was 1340 m³/s. [4]
Kedah, also known by its honorific Darul Aman and historically as Queda, is a state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. The state covers a total area of over 9,000 km2, and it consists of the mainland and the Langkawi islands. The mainland has a relatively flat terrain, which is used to grow rice, while Langkawi is an archipelago, most of which are uninhabited islands.
Al-Mu’tassimu Billahi Muhibbuddin Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Badlishah was the 28th Sultan of Kedah from 1958 until his death in 2017, the fifth Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 1970 to 1975, and again as the fourteenth from 2011 to 2016. He was the first and only ruler to reign as Yang di-Pertuan Agong twice, as well as the oldest elected to the office. Immediately prior to his death, he was the second longest-reigning living monarch in the world after Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
Sungai Petani is a city in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia. Sungai Petani is Kedah's largest city and is located about 55 km south of Alor Setar, the capital of Kedah, and 33 km northeast of George Town, the capital city of the neighbouring state of Penang.
Alor Setar is the state capital of Kedah, Malaysia. It is the second-largest city in the state after Sungai Petani and one of the most-important cities on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It is home to the third-tallest telecommunication tower in Malaysia, the Alor Setar Tower.
The Baling District is an administrative district in southeastern Kedah, Malaysia. Located about 110 km from Alor Setar, it borders Perak and Betong, the southernmost town of Thailand.
Mount Jerai, formerly Kedah Peak, is a mountain in Kedah, Malaysia with the height of 3,993 feet (1,217 m). Within Kedah itself, the mountain stands at the border of Kuala Muda and Yan districts.
Parit Buntar is a town in Kerian District, Perak, Malaysia. It is bordering to Nibong Tebal in Penang and Bandar Baharu in Kedah.It is also the district capital of Kerian District.
The Kedah Sultanate is a Muslim dynasty located in the Malay Peninsula. It was originally an independent state, but became a British protectorate in 1909. Its monarchy was abolished after it was added to the Malayan Union but was restored and added to the Malayan Union's successor, the Federation of Malaya.
The Kuala Muda District is a district in Kedah, Malaysia. Sungai Petani is the administrative center of the district. Kuala Muda district is in close proximity to the border of Kedah and Penang. Apart from Sungai Petani, other major towns in the district include Tikam Batu, Padang Tembusu, Sungai Lalang, Bedong, Bukit Selambau, Sidam, Gurun, Semeling, Merbok, Kota Kuala Muda and Tanjung Dawai. The Mount Jerai is shared with the neighbouring district of Yan while the Muda River is shares the bordering state of Penang. The iconic Jambatan Merdeka connect both Tikam Batu with Bumbung Lima in Penang. Kuala Muda is the second largest and most populous district in Kedah, and it is also the site of some of the earliest civilization site in the country.
Floods in Malaysia are one of the most regular natural disasters affecting the country, which occurs nearly every year especially during the monsoon season. The coasts of peninsular Malaysia are the most prone to flooding especially during the northeast monsoon season from October to March.
Pantai Merdeka is a coastal location in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia. It has the only sand beach in mainland Kedah, and it is the major attraction for beach goers from all over northern Penang and Kedah State. Various accommodation is available for rent to experience the beach and other attractions in the area which includes harvesting Kepah, Siput Kemudi and Kerang in Kampung Tepi Sungai, Kota Kuala Muda, Pantai Merdeka itself and also at Pulau Sayak.
Sungai Lalang is a small town in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia. It is located 5 kilometer north from Sungai Petani. Sg. Lalang River situated in this town flows into the Merbok River.
Malaysian Sikhs are known to be the fourth largest Malaysian Indian ethnic group. It is estimated that there are around 100,000 Sikhs in Malaysia.
Sungai Petani Municipal Council is the local government which administers Sungai Petani and the whole Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia. It is the most populous local government in Kedah.
The Greater Penang Conurbation, also known as the George Town Conurbation, is the built-up urban or metropolitan area within and around the Malaysian state of Penang. Encompassing all of Penang, and parts of the neighbouring states of Kedah and Perak, the conurbation was home to over 2.84 million people as of 2020, the second largest in the country after the Klang Valley.
Sungai Petani is a federal constituency in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1959.
This article lists important figures and events in the public affairs of British Malaya during the year 1941, together with births and deaths of prominent Malayans. The Japanese occupation of Malaya started in December 1941.
Mohammed Taufiq bin Johari is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sungai Petani since November 2022. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. He is the sole Kedah PH MP and son of the Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat and former Sungai Petani MP, Johari Abdul. He is also presently the youngest MP at the age of 27.