Native name: Pulau Mursala | |
|---|---|
| Geography | |
| Location | Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia |
| Coordinates | 01°38′11.76″N98°30′38.52″E / 1.6366000°N 98.5107000°E |
| Adjacent to | Indian Ocean |
| Area | 80 km2 (31 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
| Province | North Sumatra |
Mursala Island (id:Pulau Mursala), also known as Musala Island or Mursalah Island, is an island off the coast of Sumatra. It is administrated by as part of Indonesia's Central Tapanuli Regency in the province of North Sumatra.
Mursala island is located off the south coast of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean. The island is noted for its natural beauty, though illegal forestry operations have negatively impacted the island's biological diversity. [1] The closest major population center is Sibolga. [2]
The island is known for a large waterfall on its western side. [2] [3] A smaller islet on Mursala's eastern side, Pantai Pulau Putri, is known for its beaches. Mursala island is one of the only known habitats for Dipterocarpus cinereus , a species of plant considered to be extinct until the 2010s. [4] [5]
According to some sources, parts of Peter Jackson's 2005 film King Kong were filmed on the island. [3] [6]
North Sumatra is a province of Indonesia located on the northern part of the island of Sumatra. Its capital and largest city is Medan. It is bordered by Aceh on the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra in the southeast, with two different coastlines located on the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Malacca, and a maritime border with Malaysia to the east. North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province after West Java, East Java and Central Java, and the third-largest province on the island of Sumatra after the neighbouring Riau. It covers an area of 72,981 km2. According to the 2020 census, the province's population in that year was 14,799,361. The mid-2022 official estimate was 15,115,206. North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province. The Malay people are regarded as the natives of the east coast of the province, while the west coast of the province is mainly inhabited by the Batak. The central highlands region around Lake Toba is predominantly inhabited by other Batak groups. The Nias people are natives to Nias Island and its surrounding islets. With the opening of tobacco plantations in East Sumatra during the colonial era, the colonial government employed many contract labourers for plantations, mainly Chinese, Javanese and Indian migrants. The majority did not return after their contract ended and decided to stay in the province. The recent rapid urbanisation also attracted neighbouring people from Aceh, Riau and West Sumatra.
Nias is an island located off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Nias is also the name of the archipelago of which the island is the centre, but also includes the Batu Islands to the south-east and the small Hinako Islands to the west. Nias Island covers an area of 5,625.0 km2 (2,171.8 sq mi). It is mostly a lowland area rising to around 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level. There were 756,338 inhabitants on the island at the 2010 Census; at the 2015 Intermediate Census this had risen to 798,506 and the 2020 Census resulted in a total of 880,550. The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 902,632.
The Sumatran tiger is a population of Panthera tigris sondaica on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It is the only surviving tiger population in the Sunda Islands, where the Bali and Javan tigers are extinct.
Dipterocarpus is a genus of flowering plants and the type genus of family Dipterocarpaceae.
Pesisir Selatan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of West Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 6,049.33 km² and a population of 429,246 at the 2010 Census and 504,418 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 516,518. The regency seat is at the town of Painan, in IV Jurai District.
The flora consists of many unique varieties of tropical plants. Blessed with a tropical climate and roughly 17,000 islands, Indonesia is the nation with the second highest biodiversity in the world. The flora of Ind reflects an intermingling of Asian, Australian and unique, Indonesian lineages. This is due to the geography of Indonesia, located between the aforementioned continents. The archipelago consists of a variety of regions, from the tropical rain forests of the northern lowlands and the seasonal forests of the southern lowlands through the hill and mountain vegetation, to subalpine shrub vegetation. With the second longest coastline in the world, Indonesia also has many swamps and other varieties of coastal vegetation. Combined, these all give rise to a huge floral biodiversity. There are about 28,000 species of flowering plants documented in Indonesia, including 2500 orchids, 122 species of bamboo, over 350 species of rattan and 400 species of Dipterocarpus, including ebony, sandalwood and teakwood. Indonesia is also home to some unusual species of carnivorous plants. One exceptional species is known as Rafflesia arnoldi, named after Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles and Dr. Thomas Arnold, who discovered the flower in the depths of Bengkulu, southwest Sumatra. This parasitic plant has the largest flower of any plant, does not produce leaves and grows only on one species of liana on the rainforest floor. Another unusual plant is Amorphophallus titanum from Sumatra. Numerous species of insect trapping pitcher plants can also be found in Borneo, Sumatra, and other islands of the Indonesian archipelago. There are a staggering 6000 traditional medicinal plants used as Jamu.,
The grey-cheeked green pigeon is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to Indonesia. Its diet consists of fruit, primarily figs. People in Java, Indonesia commonly hunt it using nylon, in a practice known as racik.
The Javan kingfisher, sometimes called the blue-bellied kingfisher or Java kingfisher, is a medium-sized kingfisher endemic to the Indonesian islands of Java and Bali.
Aceh Singkil Regency is a regency in the Aceh province of Indonesia. It is situated largely on the island of Sumatra, but also includes the offshore Banyak Islands, the largest of which is Tuangku, with the principal town of Alaban. Until 1999 it also included the large offshore island of Simeulue, but in that year the island was split off to create its own separate regency. The seat of the Aceh Singkil Regency government is at the port of Singkil on the Sumatra coast. The Regency covers an area of 1,857.88 km2, and had a population of 102,509 at the 2010 Census, rising to 114,326 at the 2015 Census and to 126,514 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 130,787.
The minute fruit bat is a species of megabat within the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Sulawesi. The C. minutus is a smaller species that lives in rainforests. Continuous bimodal polyoestry has seasonal reproduction. The females of the species reproduce in synchrony, giving birth to offspring 5-7 months apart throughout two separate seasons. Postpartum oestrus occurs after each parturition. In C. minutus, both sexes reach sexual maturity at around 7 months, and females give birth for the first time at around 12 months. Females start having children not long after reaching sexual maturity, and they effectively continue having children indefinitely. Relative to other fruit bats, C. minutus have high rates of reproduction.
Central Tapanuli Regency is a regency in North Sumatra province, Sumatra, Indonesia. The seat of regency government is at Pandan. The regency covers an area of 2,194.98 km2 and consists of a long extent of land along the western coast of North Sumatra, together with offshore islands of which the largest is Mursala Island; it had a population of 311,232 at the 2010 census and 365,177 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 374,734. The regency surrounds on the landward side the city of Sibolga, which is administratively separate from the regency.
Toba Batak people are the largest ethnic group of the Batak peoples of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The common phrase of ‘Batak’ usually refers to the Batak Toba people. This mistake is caused by the Toba people being the largest sub-group of the Batak ethnic and their differing social habit has been to self-identify as merely Batak instead of ‘Toba’ or ‘Batak Toba’, contrary to the habit of the Karo, Mandailing, Simalungun, Pakpak communities who commonly self-identify with their respective sub-groups.
The mountain anoa(Bubalus quarlesi) also known as Quarle's anoa, is a species of buffalo endemic to Sulawesi. Its closest relative is the lowland anoa, and it is still a debate as to whether the two are the same species or not. It is also related to the water buffalo, and both are classified in the genus Bubalus.
Sibolga Bay is a natural harbour on the west coast of North Sumatra, Sumatra, Indonesia. It is named after the city of Sibolga which is located inside of the bay.
The lowland anoa(Bubalus depressicornis) is a species of buffalo endemic to Sulawesi. Its closest relative is the mountain anoa, and it is still a debate as to whether the two are the same species or not. It is also related to the water buffalo, and both are classified in the genus Bubalus.
Aulacophora dorsalis is a species of beetles in the family Chrysomelidae.
The Tapanuli orangutan is a species of orangutan restricted to South Tapanuli in the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is one of three known species of orangutan, alongside the Sumatran orangutan, found farther northwest on the island, and the Bornean orangutan. It was described as a distinct species in 2017. As of 2018, there are roughly 800 individuals of this species and it is currently on the critically endangered species list.
Onthophagus luridipennis, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Indonesia.
Euwallacea similis, is a species of weevil native in the Oriental region through to Australia but shows a cosmopolitan distribution due to introduction to many parts of the world.
Kokok Balenggek is a lesser-known chicken breed originating from the landscapes of Indonesia, particularly found in the West Sumatra region.
