NCDN

NCDN
Identifiers
Aliases	NCDN , neurochondrin, NEDIES
External IDs	OMIM: 608458 MGI: 1347351 HomoloGene: 8064 GeneCards: NCDN
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1p34.3 Start 35,557,473 bp [1] End 35,567,274 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) [2] Band 4|4 D2.2 Start 126,637,543 bp [2] End 126,647,231 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in middle frontal gyrus Brodmann area 10 nucleus accumbens caudate nucleus postcentral gyrus putamen superior frontal gyrus cingulate gyrus frontal pole Brodmann area 9 Top expressed in entorhinal cortex dentate gyrus nucleus accumbens hippocampus proper subiculum medial dorsal nucleus inferior colliculus superior colliculus superior frontal gyrus motor neuron More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm neuron projection axon neuronal cell body dendrite cell projection membrane nucleus cytosol Biological process regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity neuron projection development bone resorption Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 23154 26562 Ensembl ENSG00000020129 ENSMUSG00000028833 UniProt Q9UBB6 Q9Z0E0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014284 NM_001014839 NM_001014841 NM_011986 NM_001355412 NM_001355413 RefSeq (protein) NP_001014839 NP_001014841 NP_055099 NP_036116 NP_001342341 NP_001342342 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 35.56 – 35.57 Mb Chr 4: 126.64 – 126.65 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Neurochondrin (also known as its murine homologue, Norbin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCDN gene. ^{[5] [6]}

This gene encodes a leucine-rich cytoplasmic protein, which is highly similar to a mouse protein norbin that negatively regulates Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation and may be essential for spatial learning processes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described. ^[6]

Norbin can modulate signaling activity and expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; modulating mice with targeted deletion of NCDN in the brain have phenotypic traits usually found in the rodent models of schizophrenia, including disruptions in prepulse inhibition. ^[7] Furthermore, norbin protein expression is altered in the schizophrenia brain. ^[8] Norbin also plays a role in regulating antimicrobial responses in neutrophils. ^[9]

Neurochondrin proteins induce hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cells resistant to bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of macrophage- and osteoclast-mediated resorption. Expression of the gene is localised to chondrocyte, osteoblast, and osteocyte in the bone and to the hippocampus and Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum in the brain. ^[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000020129 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028833 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Istvánffy R, Vogt Weisenhorn DM, Floss T, Wurst W (April 2004). "Expression of neurochondrin in the developing and adult mouse brain". Development Genes and Evolution. 214 (4): 206–209. doi:10.1007/s00427-004-0396-2. PMID   15007648. S2CID   45134242.
6. "Entrez Gene: NCDN neurochondrin".
7. Wang H, Westin L, Nong Y, Birnbaum S, Bendor J, Brismar H, et al. (December 2009). "Norbin is an endogenous regulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 signaling". Science. 326 (5959): 1554–1557. Bibcode:2009Sci...326.1554W. doi:10.1126/science.1178496. PMC   2796550 . PMID   20007903.
8. Matosin N, Fernandez-Enright F, Fung SJ, Lum JS, Engel M, Andrews JL, et al. (July 2015). "Alterations of mGluR5 and its endogenous regulators Norbin, Tamalin and Preso1 in schizophrenia: towards a model of mGluR5 dysregulation". Acta Neuropathologica. 130 (1): 119–129. doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1411-6. PMID   25778620. S2CID   12360955.
9. Pantarelli C, Pan D, Chetwynd S, Stark AK, Hornigold K, Machin P, et al. (August 2021). "The GPCR adaptor protein norbin suppresses the neutrophil-mediated immunity of mice to pneumococcal infection". Blood Advances. 5 (16): 3076–3091. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002782. PMC   8405187 . PMID   34402884.
10. Ishiduka Y, Mochizuki R, Yanai K, Takatsuka M, Nonomura T, Niida S, et al. (May 1999). "Induction of hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cell populations resistant to bafilomycin A1 by a factor with restricted expression to bone and brain, neurochondrin". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1450 (1): 92–98. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00039-7 . PMID   10231559.

Further reading

• Dateki M, Horii T, Kasuya Y, Mochizuki R, Nagao Y, Ishida J, et al. (May 2005). "Neurochondrin negatively regulates CaMKII phosphorylation, and nervous system-specific gene disruption results in epileptic seizure". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (21): 20503–20508. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M414033200 . PMID   15790563.
• Mochizuki R, Dateki M, Yanai K, Ishizuka Y, Amizuka N, Kawashima H, et al. (October 2003). "Targeted disruption of the neurochondrin/norbin gene results in embryonic lethality". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 310 (4): 1219–1226. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.153. PMID   14559245.
• Tchernev VT, Mansfield TA, Giot L, Kumar AM, Nandabalan K, Li Y, et al. (January 2002). "The Chediak-Higashi protein interacts with SNARE complex and signal transduction proteins". Molecular Medicine. 8 (1): 56–64. doi:10.1007/bf03402003. PMC   2039936 . PMID   11984006.
• Ohoka Y, Hirotani M, Sugimoto H, Fujioka S, Furuyama T, Inagaki S (January 2001). "Semaphorin 4C, a transmembrane semaphorin, [corrected] associates with a neurite-outgrowth-related protein, SFAP75". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 280 (1): 237–243. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.4080. PMID   11162505.
• Mochizuki R, Ishizuka Y, Yanai K, Murakami K, Koga Y, Fukamizu A (February 2000). "Corrigendum to 'Molecular cloning and expression of human neurochondrin-1 and -2'(1)". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1490 (3): 367–368. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00236-5. PMID   10684983.
• Mochizuki R, Ishizuka Y, Yanai K, Koga Y, Fukamizu A, Murakami K (September 1999). "Molecular cloning and expression of human neurochondrin-1 and -2". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1446 (3): 397–402. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00120-7. PMID   10524216.
• Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O (February 1998). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Research. 5 (1): 31–39. doi: 10.1093/dnares/5.1.31 . PMID   9628581.