Nachole Uprising

Last updated
Nachole Uprising
Part of the Cold War
Nachole in Rajshahi division (Bangladesh).svg
Location of Nachole Upazila in Rajshahi Division.
Date1949-1950
Location
Result

Uprising suppressed

Belligerents

Flag of Pakistan.svg Local Jotedars
Flag of Pakistan.svg Dominion of Pakistan

Santal peasants
South Asian Communist Banner.svg Communist activists
Commanders and leaders
UnknownSouth Asian Communist Banner.svg Ila Mitra  (POW)
Units involved
Flag of Pakistan.svg East Bengal Police
Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg  Pakistan Army
Local peasants
South Asian Communist Banner.svg Communist activists
Strength
2,000 soldiers and police officers Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown 3+ peasants killed
Hundreds of villages destroyed

The Nachole Uprising was a peasant uprising in Nachole Upazila in then East Bengal, Pakistan (now Bangladesh). It was similar to the Tebhaga movement occurring in West Bengal, India around the same time. [1]

Contents

History

Jotedars, land holders, in Nachole Upazila used to collect rent from peasants in the form of a percentage of their harvest (50 percent). The peasants, most of whom were members of the minority Santal community, revolted against the high rent in December 1949 and early 1950s. They had farmed the same land for generations without any land rights or protections. The revolt was encouraged by communist activists. The homes of Jotedars were looted. The government responded with violence in favor of the landlords. The government arrest activists like Ila Mitra, who fled to India after being released on political consideration by the government. Many of the Santal peasants who participated in the revolt fled to India. [2] The government had deployed two thousand army and police personnel. Hundreds of villages of the Santal People were destroyed by security forces. [3]

Legacy

The government of Pakistan passed the East Bengal State Acquisition and Tenancy Act of 1950 which allow the tenets to pay rent in cash at a fixed government rate and provided them with greater rights to the property. Many of the Santals abandoned the region permanently for India as a result of the immediate government crackdown. [2] The event is remembered and celebrated in the region on the birth anniversary of Ila Mitra. [4] [5] There was a period of communal violence against Hindu minority in the region with the tacit support of Pakistan security services. [6] [ better source needed ]

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References

  1. "Ila Mitra - Revolutionary, Trailblazer". The Daily Star. 17 October 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  2. 1 2 Islam, Sirajul. "Nachole Uprising". Banglapedia. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  3. Roy, Prosanta Kumar (2008). Bangladesh Dark Facets of Land Rights & Management with Direction to Agrarian Reform. A.H. Development Publishing House. p. 114.
  4. "Ila Mitra's 87th birth anniversary observed in Chapainawabganj". The Daily Star. 22 October 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  5. "Birth anniversary of Ila Mitra observed". bangladeshpost.net. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  6. "Two Bengals in two nations: How West Bengal got its current shape". dailyo.in. Retrieved 6 August 2020.