| Nairoviridae | |
|---|---|
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| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus virion and structure | |
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| Nairovidae member genomes | |
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Negarnaviricota |
| Class: | Ellioviricetes |
| Order: | Bunyavirales |
| Family: | Nairoviridae |
Nairoviridae is a family of viruses in the order Bunyavirales . [1] Its name derives from Nairobi sheep disease, caused by the member Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus . [2]
The family contains the following genera: [3]
Virus classification is the process of naming viruses and placing them into a taxonomic system similar to the classification systems used for cellular organisms.
Coxsackieviruses are a few related enteroviruses that belong to the Picornaviridae family of nonenveloped, linear, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, as well as its genus Enterovirus, which also includes poliovirus and echovirus. Enteroviruses are among the most common and important human pathogens, and ordinarily its members are transmitted by the fecal–oral route. Coxsackieviruses share many characteristics with poliovirus. With control of poliovirus infections in much of the world, more attention has been focused on understanding the nonpolio enteroviruses such as coxsackievirus.
Bunyavirales is an order of segmented negative-strand RNA viruses with mainly tripartite genomes. Member viruses infect arthropods, plants, protozoans, and vertebrates. It is the only order in the class Ellioviricetes. The name Bunyavirales derives from Bunyamwera, where the original type species Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus was first discovered. Ellioviricetes is named in honor of late virologist Richard M. Elliott for his early work on bunyaviruses.
Closteroviridae is a family of viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are four genera and 59 species in this family, seven of which are unassigned to a genus. Diseases associated with this family include: yellowing and necrosis, particularly affecting the phloem.
Orthonairovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Nairoviridae of the order Bunyavirales that include viruses with circular, negative-sense single stranded RNA. It got its name from the Nairobi sheep disease that affects the gastrointestinal tracts of sheep and goats. The vast majority, and perhaps all viruses in this genus are tick-borne viruses that can have human or other vertebrate hosts.
Alphaflexiviridae is a family of viruses in the order Tymovirales. Plants and fungi serve as natural hosts. There are 65 species in this family, assigned to six genera. Diseases associated with this family include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms.
Kupe orthonairovirus, also called Kupe virus, is a species of virus in the genus Orthonairovirus.
Ampullaviridae is a family of viruses that infect archaea of the genus Acidianus. Only one genus in this family has been described, Bottigliavirus, which contains three species. The name of the family and genus is derived from the Latin word for bottle, ampulla, due to the virions having the shape of a bottle. The family was first described during an investigation of the microbial flora of hot springs in Italy.
Abu Hammad orthonairovirus, also called Abu Hammad virus (AHV), is a species of virus in the genus Orthonairovirus. It was isolated from a tick, Argas hermanni, in Egypt. This virus doesn't cause disease in humans.
Abu Mina orthonairovirus, also called Abu Mina virus (ABMV), is a species of virus in the genus Orthonairovirus. This virus has not been reported to cause disease in humans.
In 1954 the Hazara orthonairovirus, one of the 34 tick-borne viruses of the genus Orthonairovirus, was discovered in Pakistan in the Ixodes tick native to that region. Today this virus is studied in mice in an attempt to develop treatments for the highly pathogenic Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus.
Macavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae. Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are nine species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: inapparent infection in their reservoir hosts, but fatal lymphoproliferative disease when they infect MCF-susceptible hosts, including cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo and pigs.
Megabirnaviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses with one genus Megabirnavirus which infects fungi. The group name derives from member's bipartite dsRNA genome and mega that is greater genome size than families Birnaviridae and Picobirnaviridae. There is only one species in this family: Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1. Diseases associated with this family include: reduced host virulence.
Yogue orthonairovirus, also called Yogue virus, is a species of virus in the genus Orthonairovirus. Its only known host is Rousettus aegyptiacus.
Kasokero orthonairovirus is a species of virus in the genus Orthonairovirus. Its only known host is the fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus. The virus takes its name from the Kasokero Cave in Uganda, where it was first collected.
The Nairobi sheep disease orthonairovirus (NSDV), also known as Ganjam virus is a species in the genus Orthonairovirus belonging to the Nairobi sheep disease serogroup. NSDV's known hosts belong to the hard tick family Ixodidae, including Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, and Amblyomma variegatum, and afflict sheep and goats naturally. The virus is in the family Nairoviridae and order Bunyavirales.
Puffin Island virus, is a strain of Dugbe orthonairovirus belonging to the Hughes serogroup.
The Tofla virus is a strain of Hazara orthonairovirus in the genus Orthonairovirus belonging to the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever serogroup. It was isolated from Ixodid in Japan in 2016.
Redondoviruses are a family of human-associated DNA viruses. Their name derives from the inferred circular structure of the viral genome . Redondoviruses have been identified in DNA sequence based surveys of samples from humans, primarily samples from the oral cavity and upper airway.
