Numao language

Numao
Numao
Native to	China
Region	Libo County, Guizhou
Ethnicity	Yao
Native speakers	(1,715 cited 2001)
Language family	Hmong–Mien Hmongic West Hmongic Bu–Nao Numao; ; ; ;
Dialects	Numao; Dongmeng; Doumu;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	numa1251

Last updated January 02, 2026

Numao is a Hmongic language of China.

Varieties

Meng (2001) lists the following language varieties for Numao.^[1]

Numao 努茂 (Nu Mhou, autonym: nu22m̥ou11) - 1,715 speakers in Libo County, Guizhou; representative dialect: Yaolu Township, Libo County 荔波瑶麓瑶族乡
- Numao 努茂 (Nu Mhou, White-Trouser Yao 白裤瑶, autonym: nu22m̥ou11) - about 1,200 speakers in the townships of Yaolu 瑶麓 and Jiarong 佳荣
- Dongmeng 冬孟 (Long-Shirt Yao 长衫瑶, autonym: toŋ11nu22,toŋ11m̥uŋ11) - about 400 speakers in the townships of Maolan 茂兰, Dongtang 洞塘, and Weng'ang 翁昂

Zhou (2013:29) lists the following three varieties of Numao and also provides 400-word vocabulary lists for them.^[2]

White-Trouser Yao 白裤瑶 (autonym: təu51 m̥o33) in Yaoshan Township 瑶山乡
Green Yao 青瑶 (autonym: mu51 m̥ɑu33) in Yaolu Township 瑶麓乡
Long-Shirt Yao 长衫瑶 (autonym: tən33 m̥o55) in Yaozhai 瑶寨, Dongtang Township 洞塘乡

The Guizhou Province Gazetteer (2002) lists the following autonyms for these villages in Libo County, Guizhou.^[3]

nu55m̥au33: Yaolu 瑶麓
təu55m̥u55: Yaoshan 瑶山
tuŋ33m̥uŋ33: Yao'ai 瑶埃

References

1 2 Meng, Chaoji 蒙朝吉 (2001). Yáozú Bùnǔyǔ fāngyán yánjiū瑤族布努语方言研究[A Study of the Bunu Dialects of the Yao People] (in Chinese). Beijing: Minzu chubanshe.
↑ Zhou, Guoyan 周国炎 (2013). Zhōngguó xīnán mínzú zájū dìqū yǔyán guānxì yǔduō yǔ héxié yánjiū: Yǐ Diān Qián Guì pílín mínzú zájū dìqū wèi yánjiū gè'àn中国西南民族杂居地区语言关系与多语和谐研究：以滇黔桂毗邻民族杂居地区为研究个案 (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe. ISBN 978-7-5161-1985-3.
↑ Guizhou Province Gazetteer: Ethnic Gazetteer [贵州省志. 民族志] (2002). Guiyang: Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House [貴州民族出版社].

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[Meng2001-1] 1 2 Meng, Chaoji 蒙朝吉 (2001). Yáozú Bùnǔyǔ fāngyán yánjiū瑤族布努语方言研究[A Study of the Bunu Dialects of the Yao People] (in Chinese). Beijing: Minzu chubanshe.

[2] Zhou, Guoyan 周国炎 (2013). Zhōngguó xīnán mínzú zájū dìqū yǔyán guānxì yǔduō yǔ héxié yánjiū: Yǐ Diān Qián Guì pílín mínzú zájū dìqū wèi yánjiū gè'àn中国西南民族杂居地区语言关系与多语和谐研究：以滇黔桂毗邻民族杂居地区为研究个案 (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe. ISBN 978-7-5161-1985-3.

[3] Guizhou Province Gazetteer: Ethnic Gazetteer [贵州省志. 民族志] (2002). Guiyang: Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House [貴州民族出版社].

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