ORFeome

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In molecular genetics, an ORFeome refers to the complete set of open reading frames (ORFs) in a genome. The term may also be used to describe a set of cloned ORFs. [1] ORFs correspond to the protein coding sequences (CDS) of genes. ORFs can be found in genome sequences by computer programs such as GENSCAN and then amplified by PCR. While this is relatively trivial in bacteria the problem is non-trivial in eukaryotic genomes because of the presence of introns and exons as well as splice variants.

Contents

Use in research

The usage of complete ORFeomes reflects a new trend in biology that can be succinctly summarized as omics. ORFeomes are used for the study of protein-protein interactions, [2] [3] protein microarrays, the study of antigens, [4] and other fields of study.

Cloned ORFeomes

Complete ORF sets have been cloned for a number of organisms including Brucella melitensis , [5] Chlamydia pneumoniae , [6] Escherichia coli , [7] Neisseria gonorrhoeae , [8]

Pseudomonas aeruginosa , [9] Schizosaccharomyces pombe,

    Staphylococcus aureus [10]

    and human herpesviruses [11]

    A partial human ORFeome has also been produced. [12] [13]

    References

    1. ↑ Ohara, O. (2009). "ORFeome Cloning". Reverse Chemical Genetics. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 577. pp. 3–9. doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-232-2_1. ISBN   978-1-60761-231-5. PMID   19718504.
    2. ↑ Titz B, Rajagopala SV, Goll J, Häuser R, McKevitt MT, Palzkill T, Uetz P (2008). Hall N (ed.). "The binary protein interactome of Treponema pallidum--the syphilis spirochete". PLOS ONE. 3 (5) e2292. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2292T. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002292 . PMC   2386257 . PMID   18509523. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
    3. ↑ Uetz P, Rajagopala SV, Dong YA, Haas J (Oct 2004). "From ORFeomes to protein interaction maps in viruses". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2029–33. doi: 10.1101/gr.2583304 . PMID   15489322.
    4. ↑ McKevitt, Matthew; Brinkman, Mary Beth; McLoughlin, Melanie; Perez, Carla; Howell, Jerrilyn K.; Weinstock, George M.; Norris, Steven J.; Palzkill, Timothy (2005-07-01). "Genome scale identification of Treponema pallidum antigens". Infection and Immunity. 73 (7): 4445–4450. doi:10.1128/IAI.73.7.4445-4450.2005. ISSN   0019-9567. PMC   1168556 . PMID   15972547.
    5. ↑ Viadas C, Rodríguez MC, García-Lobo JM, Sangari FJ, López-Goñi I (Oct 2009). "Construction and evaluation of an ORFeome-based Brucella whole-genome DNA microarray". Microbial Pathogenesis. 47 (4): 189–95. doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2009.06.002. PMID   19524659.
    6. ↑ Maier CJ, Maier RH, Virok DP, Maass M, Hintner H, Bauer JW, Onder K (2012). "Construction of a highly flexible and comprehensive gene collection representing the ORFeome of the human pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae". BMC Genomics. 13: 632. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-632 . PMC   3534531 . PMID   23157390.
    7. ↑ Rajagopala SV, Yamamoto N, Zweifel AE, Nakamichi T, Huang HK, Mendez-Rios JD, Franca-Koh J, Boorgula MP, Fujita K, Suzuki K, Hu JC, Wanner BL, Mori H, Uetz P (2010). "The Escherichia coli K-12 ORFeome: a resource for comparative molecular microbiology". BMC Genomics. 11: 470. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-470 . PMC   3091666 . PMID   20701780.
    8. ↑ Brettin T, Altherr MR, Du Y, Mason RM, Friedrich A, Potter L, Langford C, Keller TJ, Jens J, Howie H, Weyand NJ, Clary S, Prichard K, Wachocki S, Sodergren E, Dillard JP, Weinstock G, So M, Arvidson CG (2005). "Expression capable library for studies of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, version 1.0". BMC Microbiology. 5: 50. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-5-50 . PMC   1236931 . PMID   16137322.
    9. ↑ Labaer J, Qiu Q, Anumanthan A, Mar W, Zuo D, Murthy TV, Taycher H, Halleck A, Hainsworth E, Lory S, Brizuela L (Oct 2004). "The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 gene collection". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2190–200. doi:10.1101/gr.2482804. PMC   528936 . PMID   15489342.
    10. ↑ Brandner CJ, Maier RH, Henderson DS, Hintner H, Bauer JW, Onder K (2008). "The ORFeome of Staphylococcus aureus v 1.1". BMC Genomics. 9: 321. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-321 . PMC   2474624 . PMID   18605992.
    11. ↑ Fossum E, Friedel CC, Rajagopala SV, Titz B, Baiker A, Schmidt T, Kraus T, Stellberger T, Rutenberg C, Suthram S, Bandyopadhyay S, Rose D, von Brunn A, Uhlmann M, Zeretzke C, Dong YA, Boulet H, Koegl M, Bailer SM, Koszinowski U, Ideker T, Uetz P, Zimmer R, Haas J (Sep 2009). Sun R (ed.). "Evolutionarily conserved herpesviral protein interaction networks". PLOS Pathogens. 5 (9) e1000570. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000570 . PMC   2731838 . PMID   19730696.
    12. ↑ Lamesch P, Li N, Milstein S, Fan C, Hao T, Szabo G, Hu Z, Venkatesan K, Bethel G, Martin P, Rogers J, Lawlor S, McLaren S, Dricot A, Borick H, Cusick ME, Vandenhaute J, Dunham I, Hill DE, Vidal M (Mar 2007). "hORFeome v3.1: a resource of human open reading frames representing over 10,000 human genes". Genomics. 89 (3): 307–15. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2006.11.012. PMC   4647941 . PMID   17207965.
    13. ↑ http://horfdb.dfci.harvard.edu/ Human ORFeome 2011 Release
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