Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi. They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma.
The lingzhi mushroom is a polypore mushroom belonging to the genus Ganoderma. Its red-varnished, kidney-shaped cap gives it a distinct appearance. When fresh, the lingzhi is soft, cork-like, and flat. It lacks gills on its underside, and instead releases its spores via fine pores. Depending on the age of the mushroom, the pores on its underside may be white or brown.
Stereum is type genus of the Stereaceae family of fungi, in the Russulales order. Until recently, the genus was classified in the Corticiaceae family, of the Corticiales order. However, it was given its own family as a result of the split-up of the Corticiales. Common names for species of this genus include leaf fungus, wax fungus, and shelf fungus. Fungi having a shape similar to a Stereum are said to have a stereoid shape. Stereum contains 27 species that have a widespread distribution.
The genus Phallus, commonly known as stinkhorns, are a group of basidiomycetes which produce a phallic, often foul-scented, mushroom, from which their name is derived. The genus has a widespread distribution and, according to a 2008 estimate, contains 18 species. They belong to the family Phallaceae in the order Phallales. The best known species is the common stinkhorn.
Oxyporus similis is a species of fungus in the Schizoporaceae family. A plant pathogen, it is found in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, where it grows on the trunks of black cottonwood. It also affects peach and nectarines.
Perenniporia piceicola is a species of poroid crust fungus that is found on fallen spruce in Yunnan province, China. Basidiocarps are corky in texture, 5 cm (2 in) or more across with a characteristic pale yellow pore surface. The basidiospores are ellipsoid and hyaline and very large for the genus, up to 13 μm in length.
Oxyporus is a genus of polypore fungi in the family Schizoporaceae. An individual family Oxyporaceae was described for the genus. A number of species in this genus are plant pathogens, causing a white rot. The genus is widely distributed.
Bridgeoporus is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. A monotypic genus, it contains the single polypore species Bridgeoporus nobilissimus, first described to science in 1949. Commonly known both as the noble polypore and the fuzzy Sandozi, this fungus produces large fruit bodies that have been found to weigh up to 130 kilograms (290 lb). The upper surface of the fruit body has a fuzzy or fibrous texture that often supports the growth of algae, bryophytes, or vascular plants.
Hericium is a genus of edible mushrooms in the family Hericiaceae. Species in this genus are white and fleshy and grow on dead or dying wood; fruiting bodies resemble a mass of fragile icicle-like spines that are suspended from either a branched supporting framework or from a tough, unbranched cushion of tissue. This distinctive structure has earned Hericium species a variety of common names—monkey's head, lion's mane, and bear's head are examples. Taxonomically, this genus was previously placed within the order Aphyllophorales, but recent molecular studies now place it in the Russulales. Hericium means hedgehog in Latin.
Mycoleptodonoides is a genus of tooth fungi in the family Meruliaceae. The genus was circumscribed by M.I. Nikolajeva in 1952 with M. vassiljevae, described from Ussuri, Russia, as the type species. This fungus, known only from the type locality and northern China, is little known. The more widely distributed M. aitchisonii is found in habitats ranging from subtropical to boreal. The generic name combines the name Mycoleptodon and the Greek root -oides, meaning "resembling".
Laetifomes is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Laetifomes flammans.
The Aliquandostipitaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes. The family was described by Patrik Inderbitzin in 2001, and the order Jahnulales was created in 2002 to accommodate the family. The distinguishing characteristic for members of the family are the unusually wide hyphae that support the spore-bearing structures, and the presence of ascomata both with and without stalks. The genus Aliquandostipe has a pantropical distribution, having been found in Central America and southeast Asia; Jahnula has a wider distribution. Species in the family are saprobic, and are typically found growing on rotting wood.
The Oxyporinae are a subfamily of the Staphylinidae discovered in 1839 by Erichson. One genus, Oxyporus Fabricius, with six species, is found in North America.
Saproamanita nauseosa is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae. First described by English mycologist Elsie Maud Wakefield in 1918 as a species of Lepiota, it was named for its nauseating odor. The type specimen was found growing on soil in the Nepenthes greenhouse at Kew Gardens. Derek Reid transferred the species to Amanita in 1966, and then in 2016 the separate genus Saproamanita was created by Redhead et al. for saprophytic Amanitas and it was transferred to this new genus.
Amanita chepangiana, commonly known as the Chepang slender Caesar, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae native to China and southern Asia.
Laetiporus cremeiporus is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is found in cooler temperate areas of China and Japan, where it grows on logs and stumps of hardwood trees, especially oak. The fruit body of the fungus comprises large masses of overlapping reddish-orange caps with a cream-colored pore surface on the underside.
Perenniporia minor is a poroid fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was described as a new species in 2008 by mycologists Yu-Cheng Dai and Hong-Xia Xiong. The type specimen was collected in Changbaishan Nature Reserve in Jilin province, where it was found growing on fallen angiosperm branches at an altitude of 1,100 metres (3,600 ft).
Heimioporus retisporus is a species of bolete fungus found in China. It is the type species of the genus Heimioporus.
Datroniella scutellata is a species of fungus in the family Polyporaceae, and the type species of genus Datroniella.
Psallovius piceicola is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It is found in North America.
