PREX2

PREX2
Identifiers
Aliases	PREX2 , 6230420N16Rik, DEP.2, DEPDC2, P-REX2, PPP1R129, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2
External IDs	OMIM: 612139 MGI: 1923385 HomoloGene: 23523 GeneCards: PREX2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)
End	68,237,032 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	11,373,905 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	Achilles tendon; ; endothelial cell; ; visceral pleura; ; corpus callosum; ; parietal pleura; ; adipose tissue; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; caudate nucleus; ; lower lobe of lung; ; right uterine tube;
	Top expressed in
	left lung lobe; ; cerebellar vermis; ; sciatic nerve; ; otolith organ; ; right lung; ; utricle; ; median eminence; ; hand; ; Region I of hippocampus proper; ; olfactory tubercle;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	GTPase activator activity ; guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity ;
Cellular component	cytoplasm ; plasma membrane ; cytosol ;
Biological process	adult locomotory behavior ; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling ; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway ; regulation of Rho protein signal transduction ; intracellular signal transduction ; dendrite morphogenesis ; positive regulation of GTPase activity ; negative regulation of protein kinase activity ; negative regulation of TOR signaling ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	80243
	109294
	ENSG00000046889
	ENSMUSG00000048960
	Q70Z35
	Q3LAC4
	NM_024870 ; NM_025170
	NM_001033636 ; NM_029525
	NP_079146 ; NP_079446
	NP_001028808 ; NP_083801
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated August 17, 2023

Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PREX2 gene.^[5]^[6]

Clinical relevance

Mutations in this gene have been recurrently seen in melanoma.^[7]

Related Research Articles

G_q protein alpha subunit is a family of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits. This family is also commonly called the G_q/11 (G_q/G₁₁) family or G_q/11/14/15 family to include closely related family members. G alpha subunits may be referred to as G_q alpha, G_αq, or G_qα. G_q proteins couple to G protein-coupled receptors to activate beta-type phospholipase C (PLC-β) enzymes. PLC-β in turn hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP₂) to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP₃). IP₃ acts as a second messenger to release stored calcium into the cytoplasm, while DAG acts as a second messenger that activates protein kinase C (PKC).

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TIAM1 gene.

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ARHGEF6 gene.

Cytohesin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYTH2 gene.

Plexin B1 is a protein of the plexin family that in humans is encoded by the PLXNB1 gene.

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF1 gene. This protein is also called RhoGEF1 or p115-RhoGEF.

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF11 gene. This protein is also called RhoGEF11 or PDZ-RhoGEF.

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF12 gene. This protein is also called RhoGEF12 or Leukemia-associated Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (LARG).

RhoG is a small monomeric GTP-binding protein, and is an important component of many intracellular signalling pathways. It is a member of the Rac subfamily of the Rho family of small G proteins and is encoded by the gene RHOG.

Triple functional domain protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIO gene.

Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PREX1 gene.

Cytohesin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYTH3 gene.

Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAPGEF2 gene.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor DBS is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCF2L gene.

Plexin-B3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLXNB3 gene.

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNA13 gene.

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNA12 gene.

RAC/CDC42 exchange factor, also known as GEFT, is a human gene.

Dedicator of cytokinesis protein 11 (Dock11), also known as Zizimin2, is a large protein encoded in the human by the DOCK11 gene, involved in intracellular signalling networks. It is a member of the DOCK-D subfamily of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which function as activators of small G-proteins. Dock11 activates the small G protein Cdc42.

In the field of biochemistry, PDPK1 refers to the protein 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1, an enzyme which is encoded by the PDPK1 gene in humans. It is implicated in the development and progression of melanomas.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000046889 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000048960 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Entrez Gene: Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 2" . Retrieved 2012-05-11.
↑ Rosenfeldt H, Vázquez-Prado J, Gutkind JS (August 2004). "P-REX2, a novel PI-3-kinase sensitive Rac exchange factor". FEBS Lett. 572 (1–3): 167–71. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.06.097. PMID 15304342. S2CID 35668920.
↑ Berger MF, Hodis E, Heffernan TP, Deribe YL, Lawrence MS, Protopopov A, Ivanova E, Watson IR, Nickerson E, Ghosh P, Zhang H, Zeid R, Ren X, Cibulskis K, Sivachenko AY, Wagle N, Sucker A, Sougnez C, Onofrio R, Ambrogio L, Auclair D, Fennell T, Carter SL, Drier Y, Stojanov P, Singer MA, Voet D, Jing R, Saksena G, Barretina J, Ramos AH, Pugh TJ, Stransky N, Parkin M, Winckler W, Mahan S, Ardlie K, Baldwin J, Wargo J, Schadendorf D, Meyerson M, Gabriel SB, Golub TR, Wagner SN, Lander ES, Getz G, Chin L, Garraway LA (May 2012). "Melanoma genome sequencing reveals frequent PREX2 mutations" (PDF). Nature. 485 (7399): 502–6. Bibcode:2012Natur.485..502B. doi:10.1038/nature11071. PMC 3367798 . PMID 22622578.

Donald S, Hill K, Lecureuil C, Barnouin R, Krugmann S, John Coadwell W, Andrews SR, Walker SA, Hawkins PT, Stephens LR, Welch HC (August 2004). "P-Rex2, a new guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Rac". FEBS Lett. 572 (1–3): 172–6. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.06.096 . PMID 15304343. S2CID 31436247.
Hernández-Negrete I, Carretero-Ortega J, Rosenfeldt H, Hernández-García R, Calderón-Salinas JV, Reyes-Cruz G, Gutkind JS, Vázquez-Prado J (August 2007). "P-Rex1 links mammalian target of rapamycin signaling to Rac activation and cell migration". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (32): 23708–15. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M703771200 . PMID 17565979.
Joseph RE, Norris FA (July 2005). "Substrate specificity and recognition is conferred by the pleckstrin homology domain of the Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factor P-Rex2". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (30): 27508–12. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M412495200 . PMID 15897194.
Fine B, Hodakoski C, Koujak S, Su T, Saal LH, Maurer M, Hopkins B, Keniry M, Sulis ML, Mense S, Hibshoosh H, Parsons R (September 2009). "Activation of the PI3K pathway in cancer through inhibition of PTEN by exchange factor P-REX2a". Science. 325 (5945): 1261–5. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1261F. doi:10.1126/science.1173569. PMC 2936784 . PMID 19729658.
Leslie NR (2009). "P-REX2a driving tumorigenesis by PTEN inhibition". Sci Signal. 2 (94): pe68. doi:10.1126/scisignal.294pe68. PMID 19861688. S2CID 19953626.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000046889 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000048960 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 2" . Retrieved 2012-05-11.

[pmid15304342-6] Rosenfeldt H, Vázquez-Prado J, Gutkind JS (August 2004). "P-REX2, a novel PI-3-kinase sensitive Rac exchange factor". FEBS Lett. 572 (1–3): 167–71. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.06.097. PMID 15304342. S2CID 35668920.

[pmid22622578-7] Berger MF, Hodis E, Heffernan TP, Deribe YL, Lawrence MS, Protopopov A, Ivanova E, Watson IR, Nickerson E, Ghosh P, Zhang H, Zeid R, Ren X, Cibulskis K, Sivachenko AY, Wagle N, Sucker A, Sougnez C, Onofrio R, Ambrogio L, Auclair D, Fennell T, Carter SL, Drier Y, Stojanov P, Singer MA, Voet D, Jing R, Saksena G, Barretina J, Ramos AH, Pugh TJ, Stransky N, Parkin M, Winckler W, Mahan S, Ardlie K, Baldwin J, Wargo J, Schadendorf D, Meyerson M, Gabriel SB, Golub TR, Wagner SN, Lander ES, Getz G, Chin L, Garraway LA (May 2012). "Melanoma genome sequencing reveals frequent PREX2 mutations" (PDF). Nature. 485 (7399): 502–6. Bibcode:2012Natur.485..502B. doi:10.1038/nature11071. PMC 3367798 . PMID 22622578.

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PREX2

Contents

Clinical relevance

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading