Lck is a 56 kDa protein that is found inside specialized cells of the immune system called lymphocytes. The Lck is a member of Src kinase family (SFK), it is important for the activation of the T-cell receptor signaling in both naive T cells and effector T cells. The role of the Lck is less prominent in the activation or in the maintenance of memory CD8 T cells in comparison to CD4 T cells. In addition, the role of the lck varies among the memory T cells subsets. It seems that in mice, in the effector memory T cells (TEM) population, more than 50% of lck is present in a constitutively active conformation, whereas, only less than 20% of lck is present as active form of lck. These differences are due to differential regulation by SH2 domain–containing phosphatase-1 (Shp-1) and C-terminal Src kinase.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C also known as PTPRC is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene. PTPRC is also known as CD45 antigen, which was originally called leukocyte common antigen (LCA).
ZAP-70 is a protein normally expressed near the surface membrane of lymphocytes. It is most prominently known to be recruited upon antigen binding to the T cell receptor (TCR), and it plays a critical role in T cell signaling.
CD2 is a cell adhesion molecule found on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It has also been called T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5, LFA-2, LFA-3 receptor, erythrocyte receptor and rosette receptor.
Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2, also known as LCP2 or SLP-76, is a signal-transducing adaptor protein expressed in T cells and myeloid cells and is important in the signaling of T-cell receptors (TCRs). As an adaptor protein, SLP-76 does not have catalytic functions, primarily binding other signaling proteins to form larger signaling complexes. It is a key component of the signaling pathways of receptors with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) such as T-cell receptors, its precursors, and receptors for the Fc regions of certain antibodies. SLP-76 is expressed in T-cells and related lymphocytes like natural killer cells.
CD5 is a cluster of differentiation expressed on the surface of T cells and in a subset of murine B cells known as B-1a. The expression of this receptor in human B cells has been a controversial topic and to date there is no consensus regarding the role of this receptor as a marker of human B cells. B-1 cells have limited diversity of their B-cell receptor due to their lack of the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and are potentially self-reactive. CD5 serves to mitigate activating signals from the BCR so that the B-1 cells can only be activated by very strong stimuli and not by normal tissue proteins. CD5 was used as a T-cell marker until monoclonal antibodies against CD3 were developed.
The Linker for activation of T cells, also known as linker of activated T cells or LAT, is a protein involved in the T-cell antigen receptor signal transduction pathway which in humans is encoded by the LAT gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FYN gene.
Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANP32A gene. It is one of the targets of an oncomiR, MIRN21.
Tubulin alpha-4A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUBA4A gene.
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRA gene.
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRJ gene.
FYN binding protein (FYB-120/130), also known as FYB, ADAP, and SLAP-130 is a protein that is encoded by the FYB gene in humans. The protein is expressed in T cells, monocytes, mast cells, macrophages, NK cells, but not B cells. FYB is a multifunctional protein involved in post-activation T cell signaling, lymphocyte cytokine production, cell adhesion, and actin remodeling.
Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SKAP2 gene.
Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 1 is an adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the SKAP1 gene.
Signaling threshold-regulating transmembrane adapter 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIT1 gene.
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRO gene.
T-cell receptor-associated transmembrane adapter 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAT1 gene.
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase H is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRH gene.
CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta, also known as CD79B, is a human gene.
