The Clathrinida are an order of calcareous sponges found in marine environments. These sponges have an asconoid structure and lack a true dermal membrane or cortex. The spongocoel is lined with choanocytes.
Spongilla is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Spongillidae found in lakes,ponds and slow streams. Sponges of the genus Spongilla attach themselves to rocks, logs and sometimes to ground and filter the water for various small aquatic organisms such as protozoans, bacteria, and other free-floating pond life. Unlike marine sponges, freshwater sponges are exposed to far more adverse and variable environmental conditions, so they have developed gemmules as a means of dormancy. When exposed to excessively cold or otherwise harsh situations, the sponges form these gemmules, which are highly resistant "buds" that can live dormant after the mother sponge has died. When conditions improve, the gemmules "germinate" and a new sponge is born.
Spongia is a genus of marine sponges in the family Spongiidae, originally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1759, containing more than 60 species. Some species, including Spongia officinalis, are used as cleaning tools, but have mostly been replaced in that use by synthetic or plant material.
Homosclerophorida is an order of marine sponges. It is the only order in the monotypic class Homoscleromorpha. The order is composed of two families: Plakinidae and Oscarellidae.
Axinellidae is a family of sponges in the order Axinellida.
Clathrina multiformis is a species of calcareous sponge from Russia.
Ancorinidae is a family of marine sponges belonging to the order of Tetractinellida.
Dictyoceratida is an order of sponges in the subclass Ceractinomorpha containing five families. Along with the Dendroceratida, it is one of the two orders of demosponges that make up the keratose or "horny" sponges, in which a mineral skeleton is minimal or absent and a skeleton of organic fibers containing spongin, a collagen-like material, is present instead.
Guancha apicalis was thought to be a species of calcareous sponge in the genus Guancha from Antarctica. It actually never existed.
Cladorhiza inversa is a species of sponge in the taxonomic class Demospongiae. The body of the sponge consists of a spicule and fibers and is water absorbent.
Sycon yatsui is a species of calcareous sponge belonging to the family Sycettidae. The scientific name of the species was first published in 1929.
Bubarida is an order of demosponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha.
Scopalinidae is an family of demosponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha. It is the only family in the monotypic order Scopalinida.
Tethyida is an order of sea sponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha.
Agelasida is an order of sea sponges in the class Demospongiae.
Biemnida is an order of demosponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha.
Trachycladidae is a family of sea sponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha. It is the only family in the monotypic order Trachycladida.
Vetulina is a genus of sea sponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha. It is the only genus in the monotypic family Vetulinidae and the monotypic order Sphaerocladina.
Spongillida is an order of freshwater sponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha.
