The War in the Pacific National Historical Park is a multi-unit protected area in the United States territory of Guam, which was established in 1978 in honor of those who participated in the Pacific Theater of World War II. Uniquely among the National Park System, it honors the bravery and sacrifices of all those who participated in the Pacific Theater.
The Ilik River Fortification II near Yona, Guam was built by Japanese forces during World War II. It was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
The As Sombreru Pillbox I, As Sombreru Pillbox II, and As Sombreru Pillbox III are three historic defensive fortifications on Guam, near Tumon, that were listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1991. They are pillboxes, a type of defensive fortification, built by the 48th Independent Mixed Brigade; 29th Division of the Imperial Japanese Army during 1941-1944, between Japan capturing Guam on December 8, 1941 from the United States and the U.S. recapturing Guam in 1944.
The Agana Historic District in Hagåtña, Guam is a 2-acre (0.81 ha) historic district that was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It includes five contributing buildings: the Calvo-Torres, Rosario, Martinez-Notley, Lujan and Leon Guerrero houses. The area is roughly bounded by 2nd S., 3rd S., and 9th W., Santa Cruz and Legaspi Sts. in Agana.
The Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse is one of many relics of World War II on the island of Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands. It is a concrete blockhouse, semi-circular in shape with a diameter of about 6 metres (20 ft). Its walls are 1.22 metres (4.0 ft) thick with four firing ports large enough to accommodate 20mm cannons, originally equipped with steel sliding shutters. A steel door 25 millimetres (0.98 in) thick provides access to the structure at the rear, sheltered by a concrete wall and covered defensively by a machine gun port. The blockhouse is located near the center of what is locally called Big Agingan Beach, on the south coast of the island, about 20 metres (66 ft) from the shore. It was built in some haste by the Japanese forces defending Saipan in 1944, and was captured by Allied forces early in the Battle of Saipan.
The Agat World War II Amtrac is an underwater relic of World War II, located off Ga'an Point in Agat Bay on the west side of the island of Guam. It is the remains of an LVT 4, an amphibious tracked landing vehicle. It is located about 500 yards (460 m) off Agat Invasion Beach in 45 feet (14 m) of water, and was described as being in good condition when it was discovered and surveyed in 1985. These vehicles were used during the 1944 Battle of Guam, in which American forces recaptured the island from occupying Japanese forces. This particular vehicle does not appear to exhibit significant war damage. This is the most intact of the three Amtracks remaining on Guam from the 850 that participated in the battle. It was re-surveyed by maritime archaeological field schools conducted from 2009 to 2012.
The Nan'yō Kōhatsu Kabushiki Kaisha complex was the main support base of the Nan'yō Kōhatsu Kabushiki Kaisha (NKKK) on the island Tinian in the Northern Mariana Islands. The NKKK was an economic development company established by the Empire of Japan to develop the territories of the South Seas Mandate, which it oversaw between the First and Second World Wars. In the Northern Marianas, the company aggressively developed arable areas for sugar cane farming, importing workers from Japan, Okinawa, and Korea. Each of the three major islands had major support facility. On Tinian, this area, now roughly where the island's largest community, San Jose is located on the south coast, consisted of an extensive development, most of which was destroyed during the Battle of Tinian in the Second World War. Of this large complex, only four buildings or structures remain, all of which have been listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places, as rare surviving examples of pre-war Japanese architecture on the islands.
The Agana-Hagåtña Pillbox is a former Japanese defensive fortification in Hagåtña, Guam. It is a six-sided reinforced concrete structure, located a short way above the high-tide line on the west side of the Paseo de Susana, a small peninsula jutting north from the village center. There is another wall providing cover for the entrance on the land side. The interior is divided into two chambers, each of which has a gun port. The structure was built by Guam's Japanese defenders during their occupation of the island (1941–44) in World War II.
Fort Santo Angel was a Spanish fortress on the island of Guam, now a United States territory. Located on a promontory on the west coast of the island in the northernmost part the Umatac Bay in Umatac, the fort's remains are among the oldest known Spanish-era structures on the island; a fort is documented to have been standing here since 1742, and to still be in use in the early 19th century. The fort provided protection for the anchorage used by Spanish galleons on the trade route between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico. Perched on a monolith, there remains a plaza 40 by 24 feet of flagstone surrounded by a manposteria wall 1 foot (30 cm) high and 18 inches (46 cm) thick. The remains of a guardroom and a second, smaller platform, lie to its west.
The Gongna Beach defenses are a collection of World War II structures built on or near Gongna Beach in Tamuning on the island of Guam, now a United States territory. These defenses were erected by the Imperial Japanese Army during its occupation of the island 1941–44. The three surviving elements were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. They are located well north of the main Allied landing areas of the 1944 Battle of Guam.
The Inarajan Pillbox is a World War II-era defensive fortification near the mouth of Inarajan Bay in the United States territory of Guam. Set on a limestone outcrop on the south side of the bay, the fortification occupies a natural niche in the formation, with a wall of piled coral rocks and cement covering part of the opening. This wall is about 1.8 metres (5.9 ft) long, 2.0 metres (6.6 ft) high, and 1.0 metre (3.3 ft) thick. A cement gunport is set in the wall, about 0.75 metres (2.5 ft) above ground level. This fortification was built by Japanese soldiers occupying Guam between 1941 and 1944. The structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991, as "Inalahan Pillbox".
The Ipao Pillbox I is one of three surviving World War II-era fortifications on Ypao Point, located west of Tumon Bay on the west side of the island of Guam. It is built into the limestone cliff overlooking the beach on the property of the Hilton Hotel, about 17 metres (56 ft) in from the high tide line. Its walls are fashioned out of coral rock and cement, varying in thickness from 1 metre (3.3 ft) to 1.6 metres (5.2 ft). Its entrance is on the east wall, and its gun port faces north, overlooking Ypao Channel. Parts of the structure have been restored.
The Malessu' Pillbox is a World War II-era Japanese-built defensive fortification on the shore of Merizo, Guam. Located about 15 metres (49 ft) from the high-tide line at Merizo Beach, it is a rectangular structure built of steel-reinforced concrete and basalt rock. It is 3.9 metres (13 ft) deep, 2.4 metres (7.9 ft) wide, and about 2.42 metres (7.9 ft) high, although only about 0.75 metres (2.5 ft) of the structure is visible above ground. Its gun port has a view of the Merizo pier, and is approximately at ground level. It was built by Japanese defenders during their occupation of the island 1941–44.
The Mana Pillbox is an old World War II-era Japanese-built defensive fortification on the east coast of the island of Guam. It is located south of the village of Talofofo, about 50 metres (160 ft) inland from the point marking the south end of As Anite Cove. It is a structure built out of coral limestone and concrete, with an interior chamber about 3 by 1.8 metres in size. The entrance is on the south side, measuring 0.85 by 1.45 metres. There is one gun port, facing north, measuring 0.32 by .9 metres. The structure was designed to be well hidden in view from the sea and air. It was built, probably by conscripted Chamorro labor, during the Japanese occupation period 1941–44.
The Paulino Outdoor Oven is a 20th-century version of a traditional hotnu, or outside oven, on the island of Guam. This oven is located on Paulino family land of Bear Rock Lane on Agfayan Point, a peninsula on the south side of Agfayan Bay in the village of Inarajan. It was built in 1947 for the Paulinos by Jesus Menu Cristostomo out of modern materials, following a traditional form that has been in use on Guam since these ovens were introduced by the Spanish in the 17th century. It is a barrel-shaped structure about 1.85 metres (6.1 ft) long, 1.68 metres (5.5 ft) wide, and 0.8 metres (2.6 ft) high. The base of the structure is coral stone mixed with mortar. The interior of the vault is made out of heat-resistant bricks, while the exterior is finished in alternating layers of red tile and mortar. The oven was used by the Paulino family to prepare baked goods such as dinner rolls and wedding cakes, and to roast pigs. When recorded in 2010, it was in deteriorating condition.
The San Vitores Beach Japanese Fortification are the remains of World War II-era defensive positions facing the beach of Tumon Bay on the west side of the island of Guam. Located near the stairs to the beach of the Guam Reef Hotel are the remains of two concrete pillboxes built by Japanese defenders during the occupation period 1941–44. One structure, of which little more than a gun embrasure is discernible, is located in the limestone cliff about 10 metres (33 ft) inland from the high tide line, and a second is located about 10 meters south and 8 meters further inland, with only a section of roof slab and supporting columns recognizable.
The Talofofo Pillbox is a historic World War II-era defensive fortification in Talofofo, Guam. It is located near the coast, about 127 metres (417 ft) south of the mouth of the Togcha River and 27 metres (89 ft) inland from the high-tide line. It is roughly 2.75 by 3.0 metres, built out of concrete and coral limestone. Its walls are about 0.5 metres (1.6 ft) thick, with an embrasure providing a view of the Togcha River, and a window looking over the coast to the east. Its entrance is on the landward (south) side. This structure was built under the direction of the Imperial Japanese Army during its occupation of Guam in 1941–44.
The Tokcha' Pillbox is a Japanese-built World War II-era defensive fortification on the island of Guam. It is built on a limestone terrace on Togcha Point, about 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Togcha River and 0.7 miles (1.1 km) south of the Ylig River. It is set in a depression excavated from the limestone about 15 metres (49 ft) inland from the high tide land and 1 metre (3.3 ft) above sea level. It is a roughly rectangular structure built out of steel-reinforced concrete filled with coral and beach aggregate. The entrance is on the north wall, sheltered by a wall of coral blocks, and the gun port is on the south wall. This structure was built under the direction of the Japanese military during their occupation of the island 1941–44.
The Tumon Bay Japanese fortifications are a collection of World War II-era military structures along the coast of Guam in and near the village of Tumon. Many of these structures were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991, using the alternate spelling "Tomhum". They include pillboxes on or close to the beach, and concrete structures and caves located a short way inland on the limestone cliffs that overlook the beach.
Pago Bay is the largest bay on the U.S. territory of Guam, located at the mouth of Pago River on the island's eastern coast. There is extensive evidence of CHamoru settlement before Spanish colonization during the late seventeenth century. During the Spanish-Chamorro Wars, the Spanish transferred the populations of Tinian and Aguigan to the village of Pago. However, a smallpox epidemic in 1856 killed much of the village's population and the Spanish moved survivors to other villages, leaving the bay shoreline largely uninhabited. The bay is popular with fishermen and recreationalists, and was the site of new housing development in the 2000s.
