Paracoccidioides lutzii

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Paracoccidioides lutzii
Paracoccidioides lutzii.png
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Eurotiomycetes
Order: Onygenales
Family: Ajellomycetaceae
Genus: Paracoccidioides
Species:
P. lutzii
Binomial name
Paracoccidioides lutzii
Vilela, de Hoog, Bagagli & L. Mend.

Paracoccidioides lutzii is a dimorphic fungus that is one of the causal agents of paracoccidioidomycosis, together with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis . [1] Unlike P. brasiliensis, which is found throughout Central and South America, P. lutzii is found only in Brazil and Ecuador. [2] It is less virulent than P. brasiliensis. [3]

Contents

History

Paracoccidioides species were discovered by Adolfo Lutz in 1908 in Brazil. [4] P. lutzii was formerly classified "PB-01 like", and proposed as a new species in 2014, [5] being discovered in the Central-West region of Brazil. [6] The infection it causes is considered to be a neglected endemic mycosis, a type of neglected tropical disease. [7]

Ecology

P. lutzii occurs in nature as a filamentous structure. It forms conidia as part of its life cycle, which cause infection when inhaled into the respiratory tract of humans. [8]

Epidemiology

Lesions of paracoccidioidomycosis on a Brazilian child Paracoccidioidomycosis lesions.png
Lesions of paracoccidioidomycosis on a Brazilian child

Little is known about the epidemiology of the new species, as most previous epidemiological reports have focused on P. brasiliensis. [9] Infection with the Paracoccidioides species, known as paracoccidioidomycosis, may be asymptomatic and subclinical, or may form into either acute/subacute (juvenile) or chronic (adult) forms of the disease. [8] P. lutzii has less adhesion to lung cells than P. brasilensis, potentially explaining its decreased virulence. [3]

It is predominantly distributed in the Central west and Amazon regions of Brazil and Ecuador. [8]

Social and environmental changes, including increased agriculturalization, deforestation in Brazil, expansion of settlements and coffee agriculture could explain the increased incidence of Paracoccidioidies, especially in the Rondônia state of Brazil. [8]

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References

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