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Skippers are a family of the Lepidoptera named the Hesperiidae. Being diurnal, they are generally called butterflies. They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea; however, the most recent taxonomy places the family in the superfamily Papilionoidea. They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly have an absence of wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Grass skippers or banded skippers are butterflies of the subfamily Hesperiinae, part of the skipper family, Hesperiidae. The subfamily was established by Pierre André Latreille in 1809.
Brigadier William Harry Evans CSI CIE DSO was a lepidopterist and British Army officer who served in India. He documented the butterfly fauna of India, Burma and Ceylon in a series of articles in the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. Brigadier Evans was especially interested in the taxonomy and systematics of the butterfly families Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae an example being his A revision of the Arhopala group of Oriental Lycaenidae Bull. British Mus. , Ent., vol. 5: pp. 85–141 (1957).
Burara jaina, the orange awlet, is a species of hesperid butterfly found in Asia. The butterfly was reassigned to the genus Burara by Vane-Wright and de Jong (2003), and is considered Burara jaina by them.
Hasora badra, the common awl, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae, which is found in India.
Hasora taminatus, the white banded awl, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae, which is found in Asia.
Borbo cinnara, commonly known as the rice swift or Formosan swift, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Australia.
Caltoris kumara, the blank swift, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae.
Gegenes nostrodamus, commonly known as the dingy swift, light pygmy skipper, Mediterranean skipper or veloz de las rieras, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. It is found from the Mediterranean Sea, through Anatolia to Turkestan and India.
Pelopidas thrax, the pale small-branded swift, millet skipper or white branded swift, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Greece, western and south-western Turkey, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Arabia, Africa, Kashmir and the far east. In Greece, it is only known from Samos, Chios, and Rhodes, where it is found at altitudes of sea level to 75 meters.
Potanthus pseudomaesa, commonly known as the Indian dart, is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae found in India and Sri Lanka. The larvae are known to feed on Axonopus compressus.
Paronymus is an Afrotropical genus of grass skippers in the family Hesperiidae.
The Erionotini are a tribe in the Hesperiinae subfamily of skipper butterflies.
Pardaleodes sator, the scarce pathfinder skipper, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests.
Paracleros biguttulus, the common dusky dart, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, western Kenya, western Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.
Paronymus ligora, the largest dart, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Central African Republic, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. The habitat consists of forests.
Paronymus nevea, the scarce largest dart, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. The species was first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1910. It is found in Guinea, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and north-western Zambia. The habitat consists of primary forests.
Paronymus xanthias, the yellow largest dart, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.
Paronymus xanthioides, the littler largest dart, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of forests.
Coeliades hanno, the three pip policeman or western policeman, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko), São Tomé, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, western Kenya, western Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests and dense savanna.
References
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- ↑ Paronymus at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
- ↑ "Afrotropical Butterflies: Hesperiidae - Subfamily Hesperiinae". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
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