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Sphingobacteriaceae is a family of environmental bacteria.
Cronobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. They are generally motile, reduce nitrate, use citrate, hydrolyze esculin and arginine, and are positive for L-ornithine decarboxylation. Acid is produced from D-glucose, D-sucrose, D-raffinose, D-melibiose, D-cellobiose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-trehalose, galacturonate and D-maltose. Cronobacter spp. are also generally positive for acetoin production and negative for the methyl red test, indicating 2,3-butanediol rather than mixed acid fermentation. The type species of the genus Cronobacter is Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov.
Pseudonocardia is the type genus of the bacteria family Pseudonocardiaceae. Members of this genus have been found living mutualistically on the cuticle of the leafcutter ants because the bacteria has antibiotic properties that protect the fungus grown by the ants. When they are grooming, their legs are passed over their mouth gland that produces the antibiotic and then their legs touch the fungi while they are walking around. The ants have metapleural glands that produce the antimicrobial components to eliminate the Escovopsis fungi. The bacteria may also be found in crypts on the propleural plate. Pseudonocardia is found to have antibiotic properties provided to the leaf-cutter ant to inhibit the growth of Escovopsis, which is a black yeast that parasitizes the leaf-cutter ant. Pseudonocardia can be found in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Pseudonocardia can be referred to as a Actinobacteria. Most Actinobacteria grow in soils that are of a neutral pH. Actinobacteria are also important in plant-associated microbial communities are referred to as "free-living." This means that they are not dependent on another organism to live. For example: A non-free-living organism would be a parasite that depends on a host as a food source and a place for shelter. "Free-living" also allows these organisms to require less energy and food for survival. Pseudonocardia is a catalase-positive, non-motile, aerobic and a non-acid-fasting bacteria and produces a gram positive reaction. Under the microscope they exhibit branching, rod-shaped organisms.
There are many different strains of Pseudonocardia and a good portion of these strains have been found in China, in soils of the forest and in Eucalyptus trees of Australia.
Pedobacter africanus is a species of heparinase-producing bacteria.
Pedobacter ginsengisoli is a species of bacteria first isolated from a ginseng field, hence its name. It is Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and non-spore-forming bacterial strain with type strain Gsoil 104T.
Pedobacter arcticus is a species of facultative psychrophile bacteria isolated from Arctic soil. It is gram-negative, short rod-shaped and motile, with type strain A12(T). Its genome has been sequenced.
Pedobacter insulae is a species of bacteria. It is Gram-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped, with type strain DS-139(T).
Pedobacter nyackensis is a species of Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming eubacterial species. Its type strain is.
Pedobacter alluvionis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming eubacterial species. Its type strain is NWER-II11T.
Pedobacter borealis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming eubacterial species. Its type strain is G-1T.
Pedobacter lentus is a species of Gram-negative, non-motile, pleomorphic bacteria. Its type strain is DS-40(T).
Pedobacter terricola is a species of Gram-negative, non-motile, pleomorphic bacteria. Its type strain is DS-45(T).
Pedobacter rhizosphaerae is a species of Gram-negative bacteria, first isolated from rhizosphere soil of Brassica campestris, hence its name. Its type strain is 01-96(T).
Pedobacter soli is a species of Gram-negative bacteria, first isolated from rhizosphere soil of Brassica campestris, hence its name. Its type strain is 15-51(T).
Virgibacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria and a member of the phylum Firmicutes. Virgibacillus species can be obligate aerobes, or facultative anaerobes and catalase enzyme positive. Under stressful environmental conditions, the bacteria can produce oval or ellipsoidal endospores in terminal, or sometimes subterminal, swollen sporangia. The genus was recently reclassified from the genus Bacillus in 1998 following an analysis of the species V. pantothenticus. Subsequently, a number of new species have been discovered or reclassified as Virgibacillus species.
Pedobacter cryoconitis is a species of bacteria. It is facultatively psychrophilic, Gram-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped strain, having been first isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite. It is also non-flagellated and non-spore-forming, with type strain A37T.
Pedobacter is a genus of Gram-negative soil-associated bacteria. Species including Pedobacter heparinus, formerly known as Flavobacterium heparinum, produce heparinase and are capable of using heparin as their sole carbon and nitrogen source.
Pseudopedobacter is a genus from the family of Sphingobacteriaceae.
Pseudopedobacter beijingensis is a Gram-negative and motile bacterium from the genus of Pseudopedobacter.
Pseudopedobacter saltans is a species of heparinase-producing bacteria. Pedobacter saltans was reclassified to Pseudopedobacter saltans.
References
- ↑ Steyn, P. L.; Segers, P.; Vancanneyt, M.; Sandra, P.; Kersters, K.; Joubert, J. J. Classification of heparinolytic bacteria into a new genus, Pedobacter, comprising four species: Pedobacter heparinus comb. nov., Pedobacter piscium comb. nov., Pedobacter africanus sp. nov. and Pedobacter saltans sp. nov. Proposal of the family Sphingobacteriaceae fam. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 48, No. 1, 165-177 (1998)
