Pengcheng Dai

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Condensed matter physics</span> Branch of physics

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases, that arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms and electrons. More generally, the subject deals with condensed phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions among them. More exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at extremely low cryogenic temperatures, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on crystal lattices of atoms, the Bose–Einstein condensates found in ultracold atomic systems, and liquid crystals. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by experiments to measure various material properties, and by applying the physical laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, statistical mechanics, and other physics theories to develop mathematical models and predict the properties of extremely large groups of atoms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Superconductivity</span> Electrical conductivity with exactly zero resistance

Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in superconductors: materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic fields are expelled from the material. Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered, even down to near absolute zero, a superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance drops abruptly to zero. An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.

Unconventional superconductors are materials that display superconductivity which is not explained by the usual BCS theory or its extension, the Eliashberg theory. The pairing in unconventional superconductors may originate from some other mechanism than the electron–phonon interaction. Alternatively, a superconductor is unconventional if the superconducting order parameter transforms according to a non-trivial irreducible representation of the point group or space group of the system. Per definition, superconductors that break additional symmetries to U (1) symmetry are known as unconventional superconductors.

Spintronics, also known as spin electronics, is the study of the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment, in addition to its fundamental electronic charge, in solid-state devices. The field of spintronics concerns spin-charge coupling in metallic systems; the analogous effects in insulators fall into the field of multiferroics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">High-temperature superconductivity</span> Superconductive behavior at temperatures much higher than absolute zero

High-temperature superconductivity is superconductivity in materials with a critical temperature above 77 K, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. They are only "high-temperature" relative to previously known superconductors, which function at colder temperatures, close to absolute zero. The "high temperatures" are still far below ambient, and therefore require cooling. The first breakthrough of high-temperature superconductor was discovered in 1986 by IBM researchers Georg Bednorz and K. Alex Müller. Although the critical temperature is around 35.1 K, this new type of superconductor was readily modified by Ching-Wu Chu to make the first high-temperature superconductor with critical temperature 93 K. Bednorz and Müller were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1987 "for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials". Most high-Tc materials are type-II superconductors.

Ferromagnetic superconductors are materials that display intrinsic coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity. They include UGe2, URhGe, and UCoGe. Evidence of ferromagnetic superconductivity was also reported for ZrZn2 in 2001, but later reports question these findings. These materials exhibit superconductivity in proximity to a magnetic quantum critical point.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magnetic structure</span> Ordered arrangement of magnetic spins in a material

The term magnetic structure of a material pertains to the ordered arrangement of magnetic spins, typically within an ordered crystallographic lattice. Its study is a branch of solid-state physics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iron-based superconductor</span>

Iron-based superconductors (FeSC) are iron-containing chemical compounds whose superconducting properties were discovered in 2006. In 2008, led by recently discovered iron pnictide compounds, they were in the first stages of experimentation and implementation..

In chemistry, oxypnictides are a class of materials composed of oxygen, a pnictogen and one or more other elements. Although this group of compounds has been recognized since 1995, interest in these compounds increased dramatically after the publication of the superconducting properties of LaOFeP and LaOFeAs which were discovered in 2006 and 2008. In these experiments the oxide was partly replaced by fluoride.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">122 iron arsenide</span>

The 122 iron arsenide unconventional superconductors are part of a new class of iron-based superconductors. They form in the tetragonal I4/mmm, ThCr2Si2 type, crystal structure. The shorthand name "122" comes from their stoichiometry; the 122s have the chemical formula AEFe2Pn2, where AE stands for alkaline earth metal (Ca, Ba Sr or Eu) and Pn is pnictide (As, P, etc.). These materials become superconducting under pressure and also upon doping. The maximum superconducting transition temperature found to date is 38 K in the Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2. The microscopic description of superconductivity in the 122s is yet unclear.

Superstripes is a generic name for a phase with spatial broken symmetry that favors the onset of superconducting or superfluid quantum order. This scenario emerged in the 1990s when non-homogeneous metallic heterostructures at the atomic limit with a broken spatial symmetry have been found to favor superconductivity. Before a broken spatial symmetry was expected to compete and suppress the superconducting order. The driving mechanism for the amplification of the superconductivity critical temperature in superstripes matter has been proposed to be the shape resonance in the energy gap parameters ∆n that is a type of Fano resonance for coexisting condensates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Piers Coleman</span> British-American physicist

Piers Coleman is a British-born theoretical physicist, working in the field of theoretical condensed matter physics. Coleman is professor of physics at Rutgers University in New Jersey and at Royal Holloway, University of London.

The Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase can arise in a superconductor under large magnetic fields. Among its characteristics are Cooper pairs with nonzero total momentum and a spatially non-uniform order parameter, leading to normally conducting areas in the system.

In condensed matter physics, a quantum spin liquid is a phase of matter that can be formed by interacting quantum spins in certain magnetic materials. Quantum spin liquids (QSL) are generally characterized by their long-range quantum entanglement, fractionalized excitations, and absence of ordinary magnetic order.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Distrontium ruthenate</span> Chemical compound

Distrontium ruthenate, also known as strontium ruthenate, is an oxide of strontium and ruthenium with the chemical formula Sr2RuO4. It was the first reported perovskite superconductor that did not contain copper. Strontium ruthenate is structurally very similar to the high-temperature cuprate superconductors, and in particular, is almost identical to the lanthanum doped superconductor (La, Sr)2CuO4. However, the transition temperature for the superconducting phase transition is 0.93 K (about 1.5 K for the best sample), which is much lower than the corresponding value for cuprates.

Iron(II) selenide refers to a number of inorganic compounds of ferrous iron and selenide (Se2−). The phase diagram of the system Fe–Se reveals the existence of several non-stoichiometric phases between ~49 at. % Se and ~53 at. % Fe, and temperatures up to ~450 °C. The low temperature stable phases are the tetragonal PbO-structure (P4/nmm) β-Fe1−xSe and α-Fe7Se8. The high temperature phase is the hexagonal, NiAs structure (P63/mmc) δ-Fe1−xSe. Iron(II) selenide occurs naturally as the NiAs-structure mineral achavalite.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander V. Balatsky</span> American physicist

Alexander V. Balatsky is a USSR-born American physicist. He is the professor of theoretical physics at NORDITA and University of Connecticut. He served as the founding director of the Institute for Materials Science (IMS) at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2014–2017.

CeCoIn5 ("Cerium-Cobalt-Indium 5") is a heavy-fermion superconductor with a layered crystal structure, with somewhat two-dimensional electronic transport properties. The critical temperature of 2.3 K is the highest among all of the Ce-based heavy-fermion superconductors.

UPd2Al3 is a heavy-fermion superconductor with a hexagonal crystal structure and critical temperature Tc=2.0K that was discovered in 1991. Furthermore, UPd2Al3 orders antiferromagnetically at TN=14K, and UPd2Al3 thus features the unusual behavior that this material, at temperatures below 2K, is simultaneously superconducting and magnetically ordered. Later experiments demonstrated that superconductivity in UPd2Al3 is magnetically mediated, and UPd2Al3 therefore serves as a prime example for non-phonon-mediated superconductors.

Elbio Rubén Dagotto is an Argentinian-American theoretical physicist and academic. He is a distinguished professor in the department of physics and astronomy at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Distinguished Scientist in the Materials Science and Technology Division at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

References

  1. ↑ "Pengcheng Dai | Faculty | The People of Rice | Rice University". profiles.rice.edu.
  2. 1 2 "The Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Prize".
  3. ↑ "APS Fellow Archive". www.aps.org.
  4. ↑ "Dr. Pengcheng Dai Elected AAAS Fellow" (PDF).
  5. ↑ "NSSA Fellows". neutronscattering.org.
  6. ↑ "PRL Editorial Team". Physical Review Letters. September 20, 2022.
  7. ↑ "Herb Mook: Good taste in problems".
  8. ↑ "Pengcheng Dai | Rice Center for Quantum Materials | Rice University". rcqm.rice.edu.
  9. ↑ "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences".
  10. ↑ "Pengcheng Dai: H-index & Awards - Academic Profile". Research.com.
  11. ↑ "Pengcheng Dai's Group". pdai.phys.rice.edu.
  12. ↑ Mook, H. A.; Dai, Pengcheng; Hayden, S. M.; Aeppli, G.; Perring, T. G.; Doğan, F. (October 17, 1998). "Spin fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O6.6". Nature. 395 (6702): 580–582. Bibcode:1998Natur.395..580M. doi:10.1038/26931. S2CID   4426153 – via www.nature.com.
  13. ↑ Dai, Pengcheng; Mook, H. A.; Aeppli, G.; Hayden, S. M.; Doğan, F. (August 17, 2000). "Resonance as a measure of pairing correlations in the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.6". Nature. 406 (6799): 965–968. arXiv: cond-mat/0006433 . Bibcode:2000Natur.406..965D. doi:10.1038/35023094. PMID   10984044. S2CID   14247449 – via www.nature.com.
  14. ↑ Dai, Pengcheng; Mook, H. A.; Hayden, S. M.; Aeppli, G.; Perring, T. G.; Hunt, R. D.; Doğan, F. (May 21, 1999). "The Magnetic Excitation Spectrum and Thermodynamics of High- T c Superconductors". Science. 284 (5418): 1344–1347. arXiv: cond-mat/0001249 . Bibcode:1999Sci...284.1344D. doi:10.1126/science.284.5418.1344. PMID   10334986. S2CID   16356096.
  15. ↑ Mook, H. A.; Dai, Pengcheng; Dogan, F.; Hunt, R. D. (April 17, 2000). "One-dimensional nature of the magnetic fluctuations in YBa2Cu 3O6.6". Nature. 404 (6779): 729–731. arXiv: cond-mat/0004362 . Bibcode:2000Natur.404..729M. doi:10.1038/35008005. PMID   10783878. S2CID   4348657 – via www.nature.com.
  16. ↑ Wilson, Stephen D.; Dai, Pengcheng; Li, Shiliang; Chi, Songxue; Kang, H. J.; Lynn, J. W. (July 17, 2006). "Resonance in the electron-doped high-transition-temperature superconductor Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4-δ". Nature. 442 (7098): 59–62. arXiv: cond-mat/0607134 . Bibcode:2006Natur.442...59W. doi:10.1038/nature04857. PMID   16823448. S2CID   204931592 – via www.nature.com.
  17. ↑ de la Cruz, Clarina; Huang, Q.; Lynn, J. W.; Li, Jiying; Ii, W. Ratcliff; Zarestky, J. L.; Mook, H. A.; Chen, G. F.; Luo, J. L.; Wang, N. L.; Dai, Pengcheng (June 17, 2008). "Magnetic order close to superconductivity in the iron-based layered LaO1-xF x FeAs systems". Nature. 453 (7197): 899–902. arXiv: 0804.0795 . Bibcode:2008Natur.453..899D. doi:10.1038/nature07057. PMID   18509333. S2CID   4427215 – via www.nature.com.
  18. ↑ Zhao, Jun; Huang, Q.; de la Cruz, Clarina; Li, Shiliang; Lynn, J. W.; Chen, Y.; Green, M. A.; Chen, G. F.; Li, G.; Li, Z.; Luo, J. L.; Wang, N. L.; Dai, Pengcheng (December 17, 2008). "Structural and magnetic phase diagram of CeFeAsO1− xFx and its relation to high-temperature superconductivity". Nature Materials. 7 (12): 953–959. arXiv: 0806.2528 . Bibcode:2008NatMa...7..953Z. doi:10.1038/nmat2315. PMID   18953342. S2CID   25937023 – via www.nature.com.
  19. ↑ Zhao, Jun; Adroja, D. T.; Yao, Dao-Xin; Bewley, R.; Li, Shiliang; Wang, X. F.; Wu, G.; Chen, X. H.; Hu, Jiangping; Dai, Pengcheng (August 17, 2009). "Spin waves and magnetic exchange interactions in CaFe2As2". Nature Physics. 5 (8): 555–560. arXiv: 0903.2686 . Bibcode:2009NatPh...5..555Z. doi:10.1038/nphys1336. S2CID   56035502 – via www.nature.com.
  20. ↑ Chu, Jiun-Haw; Analytis, James G.; De Greve, Kristiaan; McMahon, Peter L.; Islam, Zahirul; Yamamoto, Yoshihisa; Fisher, Ian R. (2010). "In-Plane Resistivity Anisotropy in an Underdoped Iron Arsenide Superconductor". Science. 329 (5993): 824–826. arXiv: 1002.3364 . Bibcode:2010Sci...329..824C. doi:10.1126/science.1190482. PMID   20705856. S2CID   119266241.
  21. ↑ Lu, Xingye; Park, J. T.; Zhang, Rui; Luo, Huiqian; Nevidomskyy, Andriy H.; Si, Qimiao; Dai, Pengcheng (August 8, 2014). "Nematic spin correlations in the tetragonal state of uniaxial-strained BaFe 2− x Ni x As 2". Science. 345 (6197): 657–660. arXiv: 1408.2756 . Bibcode:2014Sci...345..657L. doi:10.1126/science.1251853. PMID   25081483. S2CID   786636.
  22. ↑ Lu, Xingye; Scherer, Daniel D.; Tam, David W.; Zhang, Wenliang; Zhang, Rui; Luo, Huiqian; Harriger, Leland W.; Walker, H. C.; Adroja, D. T.; Andersen, Brian M.; Dai, Pengcheng (August 8, 2018). "Spin Waves in Detwinned BaFe
    2    As
    2    "    . Physical Review Letters. 121 (6): 067002. arXiv: 1807.01471 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.067002. PMID   30141678. S2CID   52075558 – via APS.
  23. ↑ Chen, Tong; Chen, Youzhe; Kreisel, Andreas; Lu, Xingye; Schneidewind, Astrid; Qiu, Yiming; Park, J. T.; Perring, Toby G.; Stewart, J. Ross; Cao, Huibo; Zhang, Rui; Li, Yu; Rong, Yan; Wei, Yuan; Andersen, Brian M.; Hirschfeld, P. J.; Broholm, Collin; Dai, Pengcheng (July 17, 2019). "Anisotropic spin fluctuations in detwinned FeSe". Nature Materials. 18 (7): 709–716. arXiv: 1905.08399 . Bibcode:2019NatMa..18..709C. doi:10.1038/s41563-019-0369-5. PMC   7895486 . PMID   31110345.
  24. ↑ Liu, Panpan; Klemm, Mason L.; Tian, Long; Lu, Xingye; Song, Yu; Tam, David W.; Schmalzl, Karin; Park, J. T.; Li, Yu; Tan, Guotai; Su, Yixi; Bourdarot, Frédéric; Zhao, Yang; Lynn, Jeffery W.; Birgeneau, Robert J.; Dai, Pengcheng (November 12, 2020). "In-plane uniaxial pressure-induced out-of-plane antiferromagnetic moment and critical fluctuations in BaFe2As2". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 5728. arXiv: 2009.04339 . Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5728L. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19421-5. PMC   7665052 . PMID   33184278.
  25. ↑ Song, Yu; Van Dyke, John; Lum, I. K.; White, B. D.; Jang, Sooyoung; Yazici, Duygu; Shu, L.; Schneidewind, A.; Čermák, Petr; Qiu, Y.; Maple, M. B.; Morr, Dirk K.; Dai, Pengcheng (September 28, 2016). "Robust upward dispersion of the neutron spin resonance in the heavy fermion superconductor Ce1−xYbxCoIn5". Nature Communications. 7 (1): 12774. arXiv: 1607.05326 . Bibcode:2016NatCo...712774S. doi:10.1038/ncomms12774. PMC   5052703 . PMID   27677397.
  26. ↑ Song, Yu; Wang, Weiyi; S. Van Dyke, John; Pouse, Naveen; Ran, Sheng; Yazici, Duygu; Schneidewind, A.; Čermák, Petr; Qiu, Y.; Maple, M. B.; Morr, Dirk K.; Dai, Pengcheng (May 29, 2020). "Nature of the spin resonance mode in CeCoIn5". Communications Physics. 3 (1): 98. arXiv: 2005.08441 . Bibcode:2020CmPhy...3...98S. doi:10.1038/s42005-020-0365-8. PMID   33655080. S2CID   218674357 – via www.nature.com.
  27. ↑ Song, Yu; Wang, Weiyi; Cao, Chongde; Yamani, Zahra; Xu, Yuanji; Sheng, Yutao; Löser, Wolfgang; Qiu, Yiming; Yang, Yi-feng; Birgeneau, Robert J.; Dai, Pengcheng (June 18, 2021). "High-energy magnetic excitations from heavy quasiparticles in CeCu2Si2". npj Quantum Materials. 6 (1): 60. arXiv: 2105.00387 . Bibcode:2021npjQM...6...60S. doi:10.1038/s41535-021-00358-x. S2CID   256726839 – via www.nature.com.
  28. ↑ Duan, Chunruo; Baumbach, R. E.; Podlesnyak, Andrey; Deng, Yuhang; Moir, Camilla; Breindel, Alexander J.; Maple, M. Brian; Nica, E. M.; Si, Qimiao; Dai, Pengcheng (December 23, 2021). "Resonance from antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations for superconductivity in UTe$_2$". Nature. 600 (7890): 636–640. arXiv: 2106.14424 . Bibcode:2021Natur.600..636D. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04151-5. PMID   34937893. S2CID   245425198.
  29. ↑ Duan, Chunruo; Sasmal, Kalyan; Maple, M. Brian; Podlesnyak, Andrey; Zhu, Jian-Xin; Si, Qimiao; Dai, Pengcheng (December 1, 2020). "Incommensurate Spin Fluctuations in the Spin-Triplet Superconductor Candidate ${\mathrm{UTe". Physical Review Letters. 125 (23): 237003. arXiv: 2008.12377 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.237003. PMID   33337176. S2CID   221370671 – via APS.
  30. ↑ "NSSA Sustained Research Prize". neutronscattering.org.
Pengcheng Dai
Born
China
NationalityChinese-American
Occupation(s)Experimental physicist, and academic
Academic background
EducationB.S. in physics
Ph.D. in experimental physics
Alma mater Zhengzhou University
University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo
Thesis  (1993)
International
National
Academics
Other
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