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Costumes worn on Halloween are traditionally based on frightening supernatural or folkloric beings. However, by the 1930s, costumes based on characters from mass media, such as film, literature, and radio, gained popularity. Halloween costumes have traditionally been worn mainly by young people, but since the mid-20th century, they have increasingly been worn by adults as well.
A mask is an object normally worn on the face, typically for protection, disguise, performance, or entertainment, and often employed for rituals and rites. Masks have been used since antiquity for both ceremonial and practical purposes, as well as in the performing arts and for entertainment. They are usually worn on the face, although they may also be positioned for effect elsewhere on the wearer's body.
African art describes modern and historical paintings, sculptures, installations, and other visual culture from native or indigenous Africans and the African continent. The definition may also include the art of the African diasporas, such as art in African-American, Caribbean or South American societies inspired by African traditions. Despite this diversity, there are unifying artistic themes present when considering the totality of the visual culture from the continent of Africa.
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Traditional African masks are worn in ceremonies and rituals across West, Central, and Southern Africa. They are used in events such as harvest celebrations, funerals, rites of passage, weddings, and coronations. Some societies also use masks to resolve disputes and conflicts.
Calixte Dakpogan is a Beninese sculptor known for his installations as well as his masks made out of diverse and original found materials. A native of Pahou, he currently lives and works in Porto Novo. Much of his work is inspired by his Vodun heritage.
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This is a bibliography of works about Halloween or in which Halloween is a prominent theme.
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Ben Cooper, Inc. was a privately held American corporation founded in 1937 which primarily manufactured Halloween costumes from the late 1930s to the late 1980s. It was one of the three largest Halloween costume manufacturers in the U.S. from the 1950s through the mid-1980s. The company's inexpensive plastic masks and vinyl smocks were an iconic American symbol of Halloween from the 1950s to the 1970s, for which Cooper has been called the "Halston of Halloween" and the "High Priest" of Halloween.
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Anna Gaskell is an American art photographer and artist from Des Moines, Iowa.
The Benin ivory mask is a miniature sculptural portrait in ivory of Idia, the first Iyoba of the 16th century Benin Empire, taking the form of a traditional African mask. The masks were looted by the British from the palace of the Oba of Benin in the Benin Expedition of 1897.
Leonce Raphael Agbodjelou, is a Beninese photographer.
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Thebetsile "Thebe" Magugu is a South African fashion designer. Born in Kimberley and based in Johannesburg, he rose to prominence as the winner of the 2019 LVMH Young Fashion Designer Prize, and a finalist in the 2021 International Woolmark Prize. Magugu has released eleven solo collections under his own namesake label since 2017, as well as several capsules in collaboration with international brands such as Dior, Adidas, and AZ Factory.
References
- ↑ "Phyllis Galembo, American, born 1952". Birmingham Museum of Art. Retrieved 2023-09-24.
- 1 2 "Permanent Collection » Wisconsin Union". union.wisc.edu.
- ↑ "Religion Book Review: Divine Inspiration: From Benin to Bahia by Phyllis Galembo, Author, Phyllis Galembo, Photographer, Joseph Nevdomsky, Designed by University of New Mexico Press $35 (169p) ISBN 978-0-8263-1378-2". PublishersWeekly.com. March 1993. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ "Nonfiction Book Review: DRESSED FOR THRILLS: 100 Years of Halloween Costumes & Masquerade by Phyllis Galembo". www.publishersweekly.com. 2002-02-09. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ Bisschoff, Jürgen (November 2010). "Mummenschanz" (PDF). Geo.
- ↑ Smyth, Diane (October 2010). "The mask". British Journal of Photography: 16.
- ↑ "Phyllis Galembo: Peering behind the mask". The Telegraph. 2016-03-16. ISSN 0307-1235 . Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ Dickerman, Kenneth. "Wild, wacky and sometimes serious: The surreal outfits of African masquerading". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ AnOther (2016-03-17). "The Astonishing Artistry and Aesthetics of African Masking". AnOther. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ Nnadi, Chioma (7 June 2019). "Phyllis Galembo's New Book Offers a Rare Glimpse Inside the World of Mexican Ritual Dress". Vogue. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ https://libraries.uark.edu/specialcollections/fulbrightdirectories/1993%20-%201994.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
- ↑ "NYFA Announces Recipients and Finalists for 2016 Artists' Fellowship Program". July 8, 2016.
- ↑ "Names You Know". NYFA.
- ↑ "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Phyllis Galembo".
- ↑ "Divine Inspiration: From Benin To Bahia, Photographs By Phyllis Galembo". International Center of Photography. 2016-02-23. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ "American Museum of Natural History Research Library: Search Results".
- ↑ Smith, Roberta (2005-07-15). "Art in Review; Phyllis Galembo (Published 2005)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ Reid, Calvin (December 2005). "EXHIBITION REVIEWS, PHYLLIS GALEMBO". Art in America .
- ↑ "West African Masquerade: Photographs by Phyllis Galembo". The Frances Young Tang Teaching Museum and Art.
- ↑ "Phyllis Galembo - Artists - Steven Kasher Gallery". www.stevenkasher.com. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
- ↑ "Africa triumphs at the Venice Biennale". BBC News. 2013-06-06. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ "Phyllis Galembo: Maske | Boca Raton Museum of Art".
- ↑ "Collections Database". museums.fivecolleges.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ↑ "Midnight Princess". Museum of Fine Arts, Houston .
- ↑ "Priest of Oluorogbo, Ife, Nigeria". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
