| Pothoideae | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Alismatales |
| Family: | Araceae |
| Subfamily: | Pothoideae |
Pothoideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The subfamily consists of four genera namely, Anthurium , Pothos , Pedicellarum , and Pothoidium . It contains two tribes, Anthurieae and Pothoeae. The species in the subfamily are true aroids.
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe or leaf-like bract. Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Acorus is a genus of monocot flowering plants. This genus was once placed within the family Araceae (aroids), but more recent classifications place it in its own family Acoraceae and order Acorales, of which it is the sole genus of the oldest surviving line of monocots. Some older studies indicated that it was placed in a lineage, that also includes aroids (Araceae), Tofieldiaceae, and several families of aquatic monocots. However, modern phylogenetic studies demonstrate that Acorus is sister to all other monocots. Common names include calamus and sweet flag.
Anthurium, is a genus of about 1000 species of flowering plants, the largest genus of the arum family, Araceae. General common names include anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, and laceleaf.
Carlephyton is a genus of three species in the family Araceae, all endemic to Madagascar. The three species in this genus are seasonally dormant tubers. The leaves are cordate with a sub-marginal collective vein. The fine venation is reticulate. There are usually one to three leaves. The petiole sheath is short. Inflorescences are typical aroids with a spathe and spadix. It has no sterile appendix and its flowers, usually one to three, are unisexual. The spathe is not constricted and the lower part is persistent in anthesis. The berries tend to be orange-red. They are known to grow in tropical deciduous forests on limestone or basalt or in rock crevices.
Callopsis is a monotypic genus from the plant family Araceae and has only one species, Callopsis volkensii. This plant forms a creeping rhizome and has cordate-ovate leaves that are medium green and glaborous. The inflorescence is typical of the family Araceae, with a white spathe and yellow spadix. The spadix is shorter than the spathe and its male and female flowers are separated shortly.
Gymnostachys is a monotypic genus, of the monocotyledon plant family Araceae.
Anchomanes is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus is native to tropical Africa.
Arophyteae is a tribe in the family Araceae. It contains three genera Colletogyne, Carlephyton, and Arophyton. All species in Arophyteae are endemic to Madagascar.
Aroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is the largest subfamily in Araceae and consists of about 72 different genera, and 2,300 species. Many Aroideae have spiny pollen grains without a sporopollenin outer exine layer and lacking an aperture.
Orontium aquaticum, sometimes called golden-club, floating arum, never-wets or tawkin, is a species of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is the single living species in the genus Orontium, which also contains several extinct species described from fossils. O. aquaticum is endemic to the eastern United States and is found growing in ponds, streams, and shallow lakes. It prefers an acidic environment. The leaves are pointed and oval with a water repellent surface. The inflorescence is most notable for having an extremely small almost indistinguishable sheath surrounding the spadix. Very early in the flowering this green sheath withers away leaving only the spadix.
Urospatha is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae that consists of approximately 10 known species. They are found growing in South America and Central America in swamps, wet savannahs, and brackish water. The leaves of the species in this genus are upward pointing and sagittate (arrow-shaped). The inflorescences are quite unique; the spathe is mottled and elongated with a spiral twist at the end. The seeds are distributed by water and have a texture similar to cork that allows them to float. They also quickly germinate in water.
Zamioculcadoideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae that consists of two genera, Zamioculcas and Gonatopus. It was proposed in 2005 by Bogner and Hesse after molecular studies indicated the need for the subfamily. There are also some genetic indications that Stylochaeton should be included in the subfamily.
Monsteroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains genera including: Alloschemone, Amydrium, Anadendrum, Epipremnum, Heteropsis, Holochlamys, Monstera, Rhaphidophora, Rhodospatha, Scindapsus, Spathiphyllum, and Stenospermation. The subfamily is notable for having many trichosclereids in the vegetative and floral parts of the plants, but rarely in the roots.
Lasioideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains 10 genera: Anaphyllopsis, Anaphyllum, Cyrtosperma, Dracontioides, Dracontium, Lasia, Lasimorpha, Podolasia, Pycnospatha, and Urospatha.
Colletogyne is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The single species making up the genus is Colletogyne perrieri. Colletogyne is endemic to northern Madagascar and is found growing in only one small region abundant with limestone. Much like the other genera in Araceae found exclusively in Madagascar Colletogyne is believed to be one of the most advanced aroids with regards to its flowers and pollen structure. Colletogyne has heart shaped leaves and is tuberous. The spathe is white with purple spots and the spadix has red spots. It is often found growing in humus in and amongst limestone.
Typhonodorum is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The single species making up this genus is Typhonodorum lindleyanum. The genus is native to Madagascar, the Comores, Zanzibar, Réunion and Mauritius. This genus is believed to be closely related to Peltandra even though Peltandra is only found in North America and there don't appear to exist closely related genera in the African mainland. There isn't fossil evidence to link the two genera so it has been proposed that there once was a genus in Africa from which the two genera had originated. The African mainland genus spread to North America and to Madagascar 50 million years ago before it broke off. Then the African genus became extinct and the North American and Madagascan genera remained.
Calloideae is a monotypic subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The single genus in the family is Calla, although in the past under Engler's description of Araceae it included four genera, namely Lysichiton, Symplocarpus, Orontium, and Calla. The subfamily was subsequently made monotypic and given a single tribe, Callea. Species in Calloideae are often found in marshy habitats in the northern hemisphere. Trichosclereids are not found in the flowers.
Orontioideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The subfamily consists of three genera namely, Lysichiton, Orontium, and Symplocarpus. Characteristics of Orontioideae include medium sized pollen grains and subterranean stems. Species in the subfamily have a base chromosome number of X=13.
Lemnoideae is a subfamily of flowering aquatic plants, known as duckweeds, water lentils, or water lenses. They float on or just beneath the surface of still or slow-moving bodies of fresh water and wetlands. Also known as "bayroot", they arose from within the arum or aroid family (Araceae), so often are classified as the subfamily Lemnoideae within the family Araceae. Other classifications, particularly those created prior to the end of the twentieth century, place them as a separate family, Lemnaceae.