A pregnenedione (singular pregnanediol) is an unsaturated diketone derivative of a pregnane. [1] Examples are budesonide and progesterone (pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione). [2] [3]
A cumulene is a compound having three or more cumulative (consecutive) double bonds. They are analogous to allenes, only having a more extensive chain. The simplest molecule in this class is butatriene, which is also called simply cumulene. Unlike most alkanes and alkenes, cumulenes tend to be rigid, comparable to polyynes. Cumulene carbenes H2Cn for n from 3 to 6 have been observed in interstellar molecular clouds and in laboratory experiments by using microwave and infrared spectroscopy. Cumulenes containing heteroatoms are called heterocumulenes; an example is carbon suboxide.
2-Indolinethione is an organic compound with the formula C8H6(S)(NH). It is a derivative of dihydroindole containing a thione group. The compound is a tautomer of 2-mercaptoindole. A white solid, it is prepared by thiation of 2-oxindole. 2-Indolinethione is a precursor to several natural products.
Mexazolam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. Mexazolam has been trialed for anxiety and was found to be effective in alleviating anxiety at one week follow-up. Mexazolam is metabolised via the CYP3A4 pathway. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors including simvastatin, simvastatin acid, lovastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin and cerivastatin inhibit the metabolism of mexazolam, but not the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin. Its principal active metabolites are chlorodesmethyldiazepam and chloroxazepam.
Inonotus hispidus, commonly known as shaggy bracket, is a fungus and a plant pathogen. This fungus has been used in eastern Asia as a popular remedy for many illnesses like cancer, diabetes, and other stomach ailments. In modern pharmacology, it has aided in lowering blood glucose levels, showing anti-tumor responses and improving overall health in mice.
Y-23684 is an anxiolytic drug with a novel chemical structure, which is used in scientific research. It has similar effects to benzodiazepine drugs, but is structurally distinct and so is classed as a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic.
Procaterol is an intermediate-acting β2 adrenoreceptor agonist used for the treatment of asthma. It has never been filed for FDA evaluation in the United States, where it is not marketed. The drug is readily oxidized in the presence of moisture and air, making it unsuitable for therapeutic use by inhalation. Pharmaceutical company Parke-Davis/Warner-Lambert researched a stabilizer to prevent oxidation, but an effective one was never developed.
Surugatoxin (SGTX) is a type of venom found in the mid-gut digestive gland of the Japanese ivory mollusk Babyloniajaponica, a carnivorous gastropod. It functions as a ganglionic blocker of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The structurally and functionally related neosurugatoxin, also derived from Babylonia japonica, is an even more potent nAChR antagonist than SGTX.
Thietane is a heterocyclic compound containing a saturated four-membered ring with three carbon atoms and one sulfur atom.
Phellamurin, a flavonoid, is the 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 8-C-prenyl derivative of the flavan-on-ol Aromadendrin, and may be seen as the 7-O-glucoside of noricaritin. Being a flavanonol, it has two stereocenters on the C-ring, so four stereoisomers of phellamurin are possible.
Sakuranetin is a flavan-on, the 7-methoxy derivative of naringenin, found in Polymnia fruticosa and rice, where it acts as a phytoalexin against spore germination of Pyricularia oryzae.
An aurone is a heterocyclic chemical compound, which is a type of flavonoid. There are two isomers of the molecule, with (E)- and (Z)-configurations. The molecule contains a benzofuran element associated with a benzylidene linked in position 2. In aurone, a chalcone-like group is closed into a 5-membered ring instead of the 6-membered ring more typical of flavonoids.
Kaempferol 7-O-glucoside is a flavonol glucoside. It can be found in Smilax china, and in the fern Asplenium rhizophyllum, and its hybrid descendants, as part of a complex with caffeic acid.
Gnetum cleistostachyum is a liana species in the Sessiles subsection of the genus Gnetum described from South East Yunnan.
Mallotus japonicus, also known as East Asian mallotus, the food wrapper plant or "Akamegashiwa" in Japanese, is a plant species in the genus Mallotus native to China. It is also found in Japan and Korea. This species was first described in 1865, its name was verified by AAS Systematic Botanists on October 2, 2015.
β-amyrin synthase is an enzyme with systematic name (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene mutase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Rosiridin is a chemical compound that has been isolated from Rhodiola sachalinensis. Rosiridin can inhibit monoamine oxidases A and B, possibly meaning that the compound could help in the treatment of depression and senile dementia.
Furonazide is a crystalline tuberculostatic drug substance with a reported melting point of 199-201.5 °C.
Cannabicitran (CBTC) is a phytocannabinoid first isolated in 1974 as a trace component of Cannabis sativa, Structurally related compounds can be found in some other plants. It is not psychoactive, but was found to reduce intraocular pressure in tests on rabbits, which may reflect agonist activity at the NAGly receptor that is known to be a target of many structurally related cannabinoids.
Clotizolam (Ro11-1465) is a thienotriazolodiazepine derivative first invented in the 1970s, which in more recent years has been sold as a designer drug. As with other related thienotriazolodiazepines, it produces sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects, and also acts as an inhibitor of platelet-activating factor (PAF).