| Pterocalla reticulata | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Ulidiidae |
| Genus: | Pterocalla |
| Species: | P. reticulata |
| Binomial name | |
| Pterocalla reticulata Hendel, 1909 | |
Pterocalla reticulata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae. [1] [2] [3]
The substantia nigra (SN) is a basal ganglia structure located in the midbrain that plays an important role in reward and movement. Substantia nigra is Latin for "black substance", reflecting the fact that parts of the substantia nigra appear darker than neighboring areas due to high levels of neuromelanin in dopaminergic neurons. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.
Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus Citrus is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion ; and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas.
The mandarin orange, also known as the mandarin or mandarine, is a small citrus tree fruit. Treated as a distinct species of orange, it is usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. Tangerines are a group of orange-coloured citrus fruit consisting of hybrids of mandarin orange with some pomelo contribution.
Annona reticulata is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the plant family Annonaceae and part of the Annonas group. It is best known for its fruit, called custard apple, a common name shared with fruits of several other species in the same genus: A. cherimola and A. squamosa. Other English common names include ox heart and bullock's heart. The fruit is sweet and useful in preparation of desserts, but is generally less popular for eating than that of A. cherimola.
The pars reticulata (SNpr) is a portion of the substantia nigra and is located lateral to the pars compacta. Most of the neurons that project out of the pars reticulata are inhibitory GABAergic neurons.
Pterocalla is a genus of picture-winged flies in the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla bella is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla guttulata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla nitidiventris is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla proxima is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla quadrata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla radiata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Tephritidae.
Pterocalla strigula is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla angustipennis is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla maculata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla pentophthalma is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla punctata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
Pterocalla striata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocalla of the family Ulidiidae.
The guppy, also known as millionfish and rainbow fish, is one of the world's most widely distributed tropical fish and one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species. It is a member of the family Poeciliidae and, like almost all American members of the family, is live-bearing. Guppies originate from northeast South America, but have been introduced to many environments and are now found all over the world. They are highly adaptable and thrive in many different environmental and ecological conditions. Male guppies, which are smaller than females, have ornamental caudal and dorsal fins. Wild guppies generally feed on a variety of food sources, including benthic algae and aquatic insect larvae. Guppies are used as a model organism in the fields of ecology, evolution, and behavioural studies.
The reticulated giraffe, also known as the Somali giraffe, is a subspecies or species of giraffe native to the Horn of Africa. It lives in Somalia, southern Ethiopia, and northern Kenya. There are approximately 8,500 individuals living in the wild. The reticulated giraffe was described and given its binomial name by British zoologist William Edward de Winton in 1899, however the IUCN currently recognizes only one species of giraffe with nine subspecies.