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Quantum weirdness encompasses the aspects of quantum mechanics that challenge and defy human physical intuition. [1]
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Human physical intuition is based on macroscopic physical phenomena as are experienced in everyday life, which can mostly be adequately described by the Newtonian mechanics of classical physics. [2] Early 20th-century models of atomic physics, such as the Rutherford–Bohr model, represented subatomic particles as little balls occupying well-defined spatial positions, but it was soon found that the physics needed at a subatomic scale, which became known as "quantum mechanics", implies many aspects for which the models of classical physics are inadequate. [3] These aspects include:[ citation needed ]
- quantum entanglement; [4] [5]
- quantum nonlocality, referred to by Einstein as "spooky action at a distance"; [4] see also EPR paradox;
- quantum superposition, presented in dramatic form in the thought experiment known as Schrödinger's cat; [5] [6]
- the uncertainty principle; [4]
- wave–particle duality; [7]
- the probabilistic nature of wave function collapse, decried by Einstein, saying, "God does not play dice". [5]
