Related Research Articles
The economy of Egypt is a highly centralized economy,focused on import substitution under president Gamal Abdel Nasser (1954–1970). During the rule of president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi (2014–present),the economy follows Egypt's 2030 Vision. The policy is aimed at diversifying Egypt's economy. The country's economy is the second largest in Africa by nominal GDP,and 39th in worldwide ranking as of 2024.
Land reform involving the changing of laws,regulations,or customs regarding land ownership,land use,and land transfers. The reforms may be initiated by governments,by interested groups,or by revolution.
In general,a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry are typically described as rural,as well as other areas lacking substantial development. Different countries have varying definitions of rural for statistical and administrative purposes.
Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) consist of loans provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) to countries that experience economic crises. Their stated purpose is to adjust the country's economic structure,improve international competitiveness,and restore its balance of payments.
Mahmoud Mohieldin, is an economist with more than 30 years of experience in international finance and development. He is the UN Climate Change High-Level Champion for Egypt. He is an Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund. He has been the United Nations Special Envoy on Financing the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda since February 2020. He was the Minister of Investment of Egypt from 2004-2010,and most recently,served as the World Bank Group Senior Vice President for the 2030 Development Agenda,United Nations Relations and Partnerships. His roles at the World Bank also included Managing Director,responsible for Human Development,Sustainable Development,Poverty Reduction and Economic Management,Finance and Private Sector Development,and the World Bank Institute;World Bank President's Special Envoy on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),the Post-2015 Development Agenda,and Financing for Development;and Corporate Secretary and Executive Secretary to the Development Committee of the World Bank Group's Board of Governors. Dr Mohieldin also served on several Boards of Directors in the Central Bank of Egypt and the corporate sector. He was a member of the Commission on Growth and Development and was selected for the Young Global Leader of the World Economic Forum in 2005. His professional experience extends into the academic arena as a Professor of Economics and Finance at the Faculty of Economics and Political Science,Cairo University and as a visiting professor at several renowned Universities in Egypt,Korea,the UAE,the UK and the USA. He is a member of the International Advisory Board of Durham University Business School. He also holds leading positions in national,regional and international research centres and associations. He has authored numerous publications and articles in leading journals in the fields of economics,finance and development.
Bina Agarwal is an Indian development economist and Professor of Development Economics and Environment at the Global Development Institute at The University of Manchester. She has written extensively on land,livelihoods and property rights;environment and development;the political economy of gender;poverty and inequality;legal change;and agriculture and technological transformation.
William G. Moseley is an American academic. He is the DeWitt Wallace Professor of Geography,and director of the Food,Agriculture &Society Program at Macalester College in Saint Paul,Minnesota. His research interests include tropical agriculture,food security,and development policy. He is the author of over 100 peer-reviewed articles,as well as twelve books. In 2013 he won the Media Award,and in 2016 the Kwadwo Konadu-Agyemang Distinguished Africa Scholar Award,both from the American Association of Geographers. He serves as President of the Mande Studies Association and as Vice President of the American Association of Geographers. He previously sat on the International Steering Committee of the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the UN Committee on World Food Security (CFS).
Patrick Bond is Distinguished Professor at the University of Johannesburg Department of Sociology,where he directs the Centre for Social Change. From 2020 to 2021 he was professor at the University of the Western Cape School of Government and from 2015 to 2019,distinguished professor of political economy at the University of the Witwatersrand Wits School of Governance. Before that,from 2004,he was senior professor at the University of KwaZulu-Natal,where he directed the Centre for Civil Society. His research interests include political economy,environment,social policy,and geopolitics.
Rural poverty refers to situations where people living in non-urban regions are in a state or condition of lacking the financial resources and essentials for living. It takes account of factors of rural society,rural economy,and political systems that give rise to the marginalization and economic disadvantage found there. Rural areas,because of their small,spread-out populations,typically have less well maintained infrastructure and a harder time accessing markets,which tend to be concentrated in population centers.
John W. Salevurakis is a tenured associate professor of economics at the American University in Cairo and the author of several academic articles,monographs,book chapters,and popular press articles focusing upon the political economy of food security,environmental conservation,and economic development. He is also a research analyst for a non-profit think tank in Salt lake City,Utah. The Utah Foundation formulates non-partisan policy research with an eye toward enlightening and empowering the electorate with respect to a diverse set of issues. These might include spheres such as urban planning,open space preservation and expansion,housing affordability,food security,and the economic impact or sectoral stability associated with various industries.
Morris Szeftel is an academic who worked at the University of Leeds and supported the Leeds University Centre for African Studies. He is also a contributing author to the Review of African Political Economy and is an editor of the Journal of Southern African Studies
Finn Tarp is a Danish professor of development economics at the University of Copenhagen and former director of UNU-WIDER (2009-2018),Helsinki,Finland.
Carolyn Louise Baylies,was an American academic and activist. She was particularly active in the fields of health and sociology of the third world and international development,and especially on the gendered aspects of development. Baylies was particularly notable for her work on the ways in which the AIDS epidemic threatened existing social structures and food security,a connection which she was one of the first to make.
Martha Alter Chen is an American academic,scholar and social worker,who is presently a lecturer in public policy at the Harvard Kennedy School and senior advisor of the global research-policy-action network WIEGO and a member of the Advisory Board of the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER). Martha is a development practitioner and scholar who has worked with the working poor in India,South Asia,and around the world. Her areas of specialization are employment,poverty alleviation,informal economy,and gender. She lived in Bangladesh working with BRAC,one of the world's largest non-governmental organizations,and in India,as field representative of Oxfam America for India and Bangladesh for 15 years.
The anthropology of development is a term applied to a body of anthropological work which views development from a critical perspective. The kind of issues addressed,and implications for the approach typically adopted can be gleaned from a list questions posed by Gow (1996). These questions involve anthropologists asking why,if a key development goal is to alleviate poverty,is poverty increasing? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? Why are those working in development so willing to disregard history and the lessons it might offer? Why is development so externally driven rather than having an internal basis? In short,why is there such a lack of planned development?
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cairo,Egypt.
Chantal J.M. Thomas,Cornell Law Professor at Cornell Law School,directs the Clarke Initiative for Law and Development in the Middle East and North Africa. She teaches in the areas of Law and Development,Law and Globalization,and International Economic Law. She is active in the areas of human rights and social justice,particularly in the Middle East.
M. Riad El-Ghonemywas an author and development economist from Egypt. El-Ghonemy was born in Delingat,Egypt,a village in the Nile Delta region. El-Ghonemy's career spanned six decades,with educational roots that began by earning a scholarship for post secondary education in the United States,where he completed a PhD in agricultural economics.
Alfred Babatunde 'Tunde' Zack-Williams is a British Emeritus Professor of Sociology and Research Degrees Tutor at the University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN). He is an Africanist and a political scientist. He obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Liverpool and a MSc at the University of Salford,both in sociology. His PhD thesis with the University of Sheffield was entitled Underdevelopment and Diamond Mining in Sierra Leone. Previously,Zack-Williams taught sociology at Bayero University Kano in 1979 and the University of Jos in Nigeria,and performed fieldwork research in Ghana,Nigeria,and Sierra Leone. He published extensively on Sierra Leone and West Africa.
Sam Moyo (1954–2015) was a Zimbabwean scholar and land reform activist,the co-founder and executive director of the African Institute for Agrarian Studies (AIAS),and President of the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESIRA). He was a research professor at the Zimbabwe Institute of Development Studies,and taught at the University of Zimbabwe.
References
- ↑ University of Leeds - Staff Profile
- ↑ The Guardian - Profile: Ray Bush
- ↑ Review of African Political Economy - Editors
- ↑ University of Leeds - Module and Programme Catalogue - Global Development and Africa
- ↑ UNRISD - Civil Society Strategies and Movements for Rural Asset Redistribution and Improved Livelihoods
- ↑ University of Leeds - Global Development and Justice Research Group
- ↑ University of Leeds List of Publications - Ray Bush
- ↑ Leeds Reporter - Chasing gold and broken promises in Ghana
- ↑ The Guardian - Thursday 2 December 2010: Mining companies are not interested in Africa's development