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Mady Hornig is an American psychiatrist and an associate professor of epidemiology at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. A physician-scientist, her research involves clinical, epidemiological, and animal model research on autism and related neurodevelopmental conditions. She directs the clinical core of an international investigation of the role of Borna disease virus in human mental illness and participates as a key investigator for the Autism Birth Cohort (ABC) project, a large prospective epidemiological study, based in Norway, that is identifying how genes and timing interact with environmental agents preceding the onset of autism spectrum diagnoses. In 2006, she was appointed as Guest Professor at the School of Basic Medical Science of Beijing University in Beijing, China.
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Claudia S. Miller, an allergist and immunologist, is an author, instructor, and scientist noted for research in chemical intolerance, and development of tools for its diagnosis. Miller is a professor of occupational and environmental medicine in the School of Medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. She also is assistant dean for the school's M.D.-M.P.H. program, and vice chair of community medicine in the school's Department of Family and Community Medicine.
Michelle Cedillo v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, also known as Cedillo, was a court case involving the family of Michelle Cedillo, an autistic girl whose parents sued the United States government because they believed that her autism was caused by her receipt of both the measles-mumps-and-rubella vaccine and thimerosal-containing vaccines. The case was a part of the Omnibus Autism Proceeding, where petitioners were required to present three test cases for each proposed mechanism by which vaccines had, according to them, caused their children's autism; Cedillo was the first such case for the MMR-and-thimerosal hypothesis.
Jeffrey A. Brent is a medical toxicologist who is a distinguished clinical professor of medicine and emergency medicine at the University of Colorado, School of Medicine. In addition, he is a professor at the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health at the Colorado School of Public Health. He is also the past president of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, was editor in chief of the journal Toxicological Reviews, and was a member of the board of directors of the American College of Medical Toxicology. Previously, most of Brent's research focused on the use of fomepizole as a treatment for both methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning, and he led a trial of this drug which resulted in the FDA approving it in December 1997. Currently, Brent serves as Director of the Toxicology Investigators Consortium, an NIH and FDA supported multi center research and surveillance group. Brent is also a senior editor of "Critical Care Toxicology: Diagnosis and Management of the Critically Poisoned Patient," originally published in 2005, and now in its second edition, which was published in 2017.
Hurair Vasken Aposhian was a Ph.D. toxicologist and an emeritus professor of molecular and cell biology at the University of Arizona, a post he held beginning in 1975. He is also a former professor of pharmacology at the medical school at said university. He received his bachelor's degree in chemistry, at Brown University, 1948. He received a master's degree and a PhD in physiological chemistry at the University of Rochester, where he published some scientific studies about the synthesis of isoalloxazine ring-containing compounds. He did a postdoctoral with Nobel Laureate Arthur Kornberg in the department of biochemistry at Stanford University School of Medicine. He has done sabbatical scholar-in-residence at MIT and at the University of California at San Diego. He is best known for his pioneering work on Succimer and Unithiol in the treatment of arsenic, mercury, lead and other heavy metals leading to FDA approval of succimer in childhood lead poisoning at levels over 40 ug/dl. Previous posts he had held include at Vanderbilt, Tufts University, and the University of Maryland. His views about mercury in vaccines and in dental amalgams go against the consensus of the medical community and are controversial.
Richard Eugene Frye is an American autism researcher and associate professor at Arizona Children's Hospital in Phoenix, and formerly of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences's department of pediatrics, as well as the Director of the Autism Multispecialty Clinic at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. Frye was formerly a faculty member at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston's division of child and adolescent neurology.
The development of an animal model of autism is one approach researchers use to study potential causes of autism. Given the complexity of autism and its etiology, researchers often focus only on single features of autism when using animal models.
The CHARGE study, which stands for Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment, was launched in 2003 by researchers at the MIND Institute. It describes its goal as to research the role of gene-environment interactions in influencing autism risk. Scientists involved in the research include Irva Hertz-Picciotto, who is the study's principal investigator. The study is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Over 1,000 families have participated in the study. The children in the study are divided into three groups: children with autism, children with developmental delay, and children chosen at random from the general population.
This article summarizes healthcare in Texas. In 2017, the United Healthcare Foundation ranked Texas as the 34th healthiest state in the United States. Obesity, excessive drinking, maternal mortality, infant mortality, and vaccinations are among the major public health issues facing Texas.
Men and boys are more frequently diagnosed with autism than women and girls. It is debated whether this is due to a sex difference in rates of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or whether females are underdiagnosed. The prevalence ratio is often cited as about 4 males for every 1 female diagnosed. Other research indicates that it closer to 3:1 or 2:1. One in every 42 males and one in 189 females in the United States is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. There is some evidence that females may also receive diagnoses somewhat later than males; however, thus far results have been contradictory.
References
- ↑ "Raymond Palmer, PhD". University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
- 1 2 "Raymond F. Palmer". University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ Maugh, Thomas H. (17 March 2005). "Possible Mercury, Autism Connection Found in Study". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ Palmer, R. F.; Blanchard, S.; Stein, Z.; Mandell, D.; Miller, C. (2006). "Environmental mercury release, special education rates, and autism disorder: An ecological study of Texas". Health & Place. 12 (2): 203–9. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2004.11.005. PMID 16338635.
- ↑ "Autism Risk Linked To Distance From Power Plants, Other Mercury-Releasing Sources". Science Daily . 25 April 2008. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ Lewandowski, T. A. (2006). "Questions regarding environmental mercury release, special education rates, and autism disorder: An ecological study of Texas by Palmer et al". Health & Place. 12 (4): 749–750. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.10.005. PMID 16337825.
- ↑ Denoon, Daniel J. (18 March 2005). "Mercury in Air Pollution: A Link to Autism?". WebMD . Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ "What's New in Environmental Research?". Autism Speaks official blog. 13 July 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ↑ "Texas study confirms lower autism rate in Hispanics". Reuters . 29 December 2009. Retrieved 4 November 2013.
- ↑ Palmer, R. F.; Walker, T.; Mandell, D.; Bayles, B.; Miller, C. S. (2010). "Explaining Low Rates of Autism Among Hispanic Schoolchildren in Texas". American Journal of Public Health. 100 (2): 270–272. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.150565. PMC 2804636 . PMID 20019320.