Red bull (feminine: red cow) [a] is a pejorative label from Vietnamese social media used to describe Vietnamese public opinion commentator. [1] [2] Red bulls not only support Vietnamese government unreasonably but also monitor active Internet users and harass or scare dissidents. [1] [3] This label is similar to 50 Cent Party of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Other political extremist groups aside from the red bull include the "yellow bull" or "yellow cow", which describe the extreme opposition group of red bull, who anti-communists or held a revisionist view of the defunct South Vietnam. [1] [4] The slang was inspired by the South Vietnam flag and its yellow background.[ citation needed ]
Both "red/yellow oxen" pejorative terms are also used by Overseas Vietnamese communities to denigrate people with opposing political beliefs within these communities.
Sometimes, people who do not criticize the Vietnamese government or praise state-made films such as Đào, phở và piano are labeled unfairly as red bulls. [4] [5] According to PhD Nguyễn Phương Mai, this is a indication of political polarization. [5]
Vietnam is divided into 63 first-level subdivisions, comprising fifty-seven provinces and six municipalities under the command of the central government. Municipalities are the highest-ranked cities in Vietnam. Municipalities are centrally-controlled cities and have special status equal to that of the provinces.
Nam Định is a city in the Red River Delta of Northern Vietnam.
Đặng Nhật Minh is one of Vietnam's foremost film directors. He began making documentary films around 1965 and is the first Vietnamese person to be awarded the Nikkei Asia Prize for Culture, in 1999. His films have won several prizes at international film festivals.
Phạm Tuyên is a Vietnamese musician. He was head of the music service at Hanoi's Voice of Vietnam Radio during the Vietnam War. He is the author of many popular socialist songs, for example Như có Bác Hồ trong ngày vui đại thắng and Đảng đã cho ta mùa xuân.
The 6th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), formally the 6th Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Bộ Chính trị Ban Chấp hành trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam Khoá VI), was elected at the 1st Plenary Session of the 6th Central Committee in the immediate aftermath of the 6th National Congress.
The 4th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), formally the 4th Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Bộ Chính trị Ban Chấp hành trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam Khoá IV), was elected at the 1st Plenary Session of the 4th Central Committee in the immediate aftermath of the 4th National Congress.
The 2nd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (WPV), formally the 2nd Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Bộ Chính trị Ban Chấp hành trung ương Đảng Lao động Việt Nam II), was elected at the 1st Plenary Session of the 2nd Central Committee in the immediate aftermath of the 2nd National Congress.
The 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam was elected at the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The 11th Central Committee elected the 11th Politburo and the 11th Secretariat.
The 1st Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party was in session from 1935 to 1951.
The House of Nguyễn Phúc, also known as the House of Nguyễn Phước, was a ruling family of Vietnam. It ruled from the city of Huế in central Vietnam beginning in 1636. As the Nguyễn lords, they often fought with the Trịnh lords, who were based in Hanoi. They were overthrown by the Tây Sơn dynasty in 1776.
The Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam is a historical name for the region of Southern Vietnam, which is referred to in French as Basse-Cochinchine. The region was politically defined and established after the inauguration of the Nguyễn dynasty, and called by this name from 1832, when Emperor Minh Mạng introduced administrative reforms, to 1867, which culminated in the eight-year French campaign to conquer the Six Provinces.
On 27 January 2016, the 12th National Congress elected 180 individuals to serve as members of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) for the electoral term 2016–2021. The Central Committee is the highest decision-making institution in the CPV and Vietnam when the Party's National Congress and the Politburo are adjourned. In between congresses, the Central Committee is responsible for organising and directing the implementation of the Party's Political Platform, Charter, and resolutions adopted at the National Congress. Furthermore, it adopts guidelines and policies in all relevant fields, domestic or foreign. In addition, the sitting Central Committee is responsible for convening the next National Congress. Members of the Central Committee have the right to elect and remove the General Secretary of the Central Committee as well as members of the Politburo, the Secretariat and the Central Inspection Commission (CIC). When the Central Committee is not in session, it delegates its powers to these three elected organs which then report on their activities the next time the Central Committee convenes for a meeting. Central Committee members are responsible to and report on their work to the Central Committee.
The 12th Politburo, formally the Political Bureau of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, was elected at the 1st Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee (CC) on 27 January 2016 during the 12th National Congress to serve for a five-year electoral term. Based on the principle that "the Party leads and the State manages", the Politburo is the highest decision-making institution in the CPV and Vietnam when the Party's National Congress and the Central Committee are adjourned. According to Party rules, the Politburo directs the general orientation of the government; it convenes meetings several times a month to discuss and decide policy, which is then implemented by the relevant state or party bodies, such as the National Assembly of Vietnam if the policy concerns law-making, or the Party's Central Organisation Commission if it concerns cadre policy. The total number of meetings the 12th Politburo convened has not been publicly disclosed to the media. Some have been publicly reported, however, and are listed below.
The 10th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam was elected at the 10th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The 10th Central Committee elected the 10th Politburo and the 10th Secretariat.
The 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) has been in session since the conclusion of the 13th National Congress in 2021. It elected, at its 1st Plenary Session, the Politburo, about half of the membership of the Secretariat and the Central Inspection Commission of the 13th term.
The 5th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) was elected at the 5th CPV National Congress. It elected the 5th Politburo and the 5th Secretariat.
The 4th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) was elected at the 4th CPV National Congress. It elected the 4th Politburo and the 4th Secretariat.
The 3rd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (WPV) was elected at the 3rd WPV National Congress. It elected the 3rd Politburo and the 3rd Secretariat.
The 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (WPV) was elected at the 2nd WPV National Congress. It elected the 2nd Politburo and the 2nd Secretariat.
Thích Minh Tuệ (1981-), born Lê Anh Tú, is a Vietnamese Buddhist monk. After briefly practicing at a pagoda after giving up his job as a land surveyor, Thich Minh Tue decided to "learn and follow the Buddha's teachings" by observing the 13 ascetic practices of Theravada Buddhism and walking for alms across the country for many years. His 2024 walking journey attracted the attention of the Vietnamese public, attracting thousands of people to meet him and at times up to hundreds of people to follow him, leading to many social and security disturbances, and turning him into an "unwilling" Internet celebrity.