Robert Blohm

Last updated

Robert Blohm (born May 27, 1948, in Trenton, New Jersey) is an American and Canadian investment banker, economist, statistician, regulator, and public intellectual.

Canada-Japan Finance. Upon graduating from McGill University, he did marketing, lending, and investment banking at half of Canada's 6 big banks, and helped convert Citibank's Canadian subsidiary into a stand-alone bank to fund itself on the money and capital markets. At half of Japan's big-4 investment banks he helped expand the Japanese capital market in the 1980s to Canadian governments, corporations, utilities and banks and to the African Development Bank.

Disproof of the Economic Feasibility of Quebec Independence. In the early 1990s he argued widely in the US and Canadian press against the economic feasibility of Quebec's separation from Canada, particularly in a series of opinion articles in The Wall Street Journal where he identified as a handicap Quebec's state-directed economy centered on state-controlled electric power production.

Herald of the Internet Economy. He later coined the term "the internet economy" in a Wall Street Journal opinion article by that title in 1996 co-authored by Takuma Amano, the Japanese CEO of Micrognosis, the monopoly IT provider of market information to all bank trading rooms. The article made the first ever estimate of internet's contribution to GDP equal to all the previous year's GDP growth. Vice President Al Gore alluded to the term in his 1996 election acceptance speech. The authors extended that estimate to employment for The Global Internet Project consortium of the world's main IT providers and computer and router manufacturers, at a conference hosted by the UK House of Lords.

Electric Power Marketization and Reliability. In the later 1990s Blohm published articles in the general and trade press supporting restructuring the wholesale electric power industry into competitive markets for energy, transmission and reliability. He opposed imposition of a legally mandated single centralized spot market known as Standard Market Design that was ultimately rejected by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Blohm has since been repeatedly elected to the regulatory Standards Committee and former Operating Committee of the North American Electric Reliability Corp. to set risk-based standards for reliably operating and planning the electric system in a competitive market. Blohm advised all of Japan's electric and gas companies and the Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry on reliable US-style deregulation of the electric power industry into competitive markets.

Deconstruction of Japan Inc. With his investment banking associate, Takuma Amano, he co-authored a top-of-page opinion article in 1997 in "The Wall Street Journal" that de-constructed Japan Inc. in next day response to the last attempt by a Japanese Prime Minister to talk-down the US dollar. The article was reprinted a week later in the first issue of "The Asian Wall Street Journal" published after the Handover of Hong Kong as a warning to the Chinese government not to repeat Japan's mistake of a managed economy. The Asian Financial Crisis began that day.

Contribution to China's Economic Reform and Marketization of China's Energy Industry. As an economics graduate student at Columbia University under Nobelist Robert Mundell, father of supply-side economics and of the Euro, Blohm introduced him to China which adopted many of Mundell's policies for a time. Following "New York Times" coverage of Blohm's diagnosis of the US/Canada Great Northeast Blackout of 2003, Blohm advised China's electric grids, government, and oil and gas industry on proper marketization of the energy industry, taught the subject at North China Electric Power University, and promoted it in Chinese media while living in Beijing for the decade ending in 2015.

Criticism of Chinese Government Policy. While in China, Blohm proposed improvements to Chinese economic policy in Chinese media and in "The Wall Street Journal" where he has continued to more broadly criticize China's governance since the current regime's definitive reversal of the country's policy direction begun in reaction to the 2008 Great Financial Crisis (GFC). An article by Blohm prompted the government to abandon evaluating officials' performance on the basis of economic growth alone. Blohm has criticized China for triggering the GFC by subsidizing resource inputs to Chinese industrial production and therefore driving the commodities boom that drove global prices and the inflation fear that prompted the interest rate increases that triggered the sub-prime mortgage crisis at the heart of the GFC. In an August 24, 2011, interview on Fox Business Network [1] he warned that China could become like Nazi Germany and that its population would begin declining in 17 years, three years later than it actually began to. For its final 15 years, Blohm was a frequent contributor to the Washington, DC, based Nelson Report daily newsletter on East Asia policy managed by his college roommate, Chris Nelson.

Last Promotion of Modern Scientific Philosophy in China. In 2011, just before the close of China's reform era and the ascension of China's current regime, Blohm arranged a lecture tour [2] of Peking University and Tsinghua University, the Central Party School's philosophy department, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences by his McGill professor, world-renowned philosopher-physicist Mario Bunge, [3] who urged China to advance beyond Karl Marx and to reject "dialectics" as Hegelian nonsense. At the Central University of Finance and Economics Blohm had already taught the first ever course in China in the History of Western Philosophy and Science, [4] funded by the World Bank.



Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economy of Canada</span>

The economy of Canada is a highly developed mixed economy, with the world's tenth-largest economy as of 2023, and a nominal GDP of approximately US$2.117 trillion. Canada is one of the world's largest trading nations, with a highly globalized economy. In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016 trillion. Canada's exports totalled over $637 billion, while its imported goods were worth over $631 billion, of which approximately $391 billion originated from the United States. In 2018, Canada had a trade deficit in goods of $22 billion and a trade deficit in services of $25 billion. The Toronto Stock Exchange is the tenth-largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization, listing over 1,500 companies with a combined market capitalization of over US$3 trillion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Mundell</span> Canadian economist (1932–2021)

Robert Alexander Mundell was a Canadian economist. He was a professor of economics at Columbia University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

An energy crisis or energy shortage is any significant bottleneck in the supply of energy resources to an economy. In literature, it often refers to one of the energy sources used at a certain time and place, in particular, those that supply national electricity grids or those used as fuel in industrial development. Population growth has led to a surge in the global demand for energy in recent years. In the 2000s, this new demand – together with Middle East tension, the falling value of the US dollar, dwindling oil reserves, concerns over peak oil, and oil price speculation – triggered the 2000s energy crisis, which saw the price of oil reach an all-time high of $147.30 per barrel ($926/m3) in 2008.

Dirigisme or dirigism is an economic doctrine in which the state plays a strong directive (policies) role, contrary to a merely regulatory interventionist role, over a market economy. As an economic doctrine, dirigisme is the opposite of laissez-faire, stressing a positive role for state intervention in curbing productive inefficiencies and market failures. Dirigiste policies often include indicative planning, state-directed investment, and the use of market instruments to incentivize market entities to fulfill state economic objectives.

A green economy is an economy that aims at reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities, and that aims for sustainable development without degrading the environment. It is closely related with ecological economics, but has a more politically applied focus. The 2011 UNEP Green Economy Report argues "that to be green, an economy must not only be efficient, but also fair. Fairness implies recognizing global and country level equity dimensions, particularly in assuring a Just Transition to an economy that is low-carbon, resource efficient, and socially inclusive."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">China Development Bank</span> Development bank in the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)

China Development Bank (CDB) is a policy bank of China under the State Council. Established in 1994, it has been described as the engine that powers the national government's economic development policies. It has raised funds for numerous large-scale infrastructure projects, including the Three Gorges Dam and the Shanghai Pudong International Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhou Xiaochuan</span> Chinese economist

Zhou Xiaochuan is a Chinese economist. Zhou served as the governor of the People's Bank of China from 2002 to 2018.

Articles in economics journals are usually classified according to JEL classification codes, which derive from the Journal of Economic Literature. The JEL is published quarterly by the American Economic Association (AEA) and contains survey articles and information on recently published books and dissertations. The AEA maintains EconLit, a searchable data base of citations for articles, books, reviews, dissertations, and working papers classified by JEL codes for the years from 1969. A recent addition to EconLit is indexing of economics journal articles from 1886 to 1968 parallel to the print series Index of Economic Articles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grzegorz Kołodko</span>

Grzegorz Witold Kołodko is a distinguished professor of economics. A key architect of Polish economic reforms. He is the author of New Pragmatism original paradigmatic and heterodox theory of economics. University lecturer, researcher, the author of numerous academic books and research papers. As Deputy Premier and Minister of Finance of Poland in 2002–2003 he played a leading role in achieving the entry of Poland into the European Union. Holding the same position in 1994–1997, Kolodko led Poland into the OECD.

In economics, a spillover is a positive or a negative, but more often negative, impact experienced in one region or across the world due to an independent event occurring from an unrelated environment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economy of China</span>

China has an upper middle income, developing, mixed, socialist market economy incorporating industrial policies and strategic five-year plans. It is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP, behind the United States, and the world's largest economy since 2016 when measured by purchasing power parity (PPP). China accounted for 19% of the global economy in 2022 in PPP terms, and around 18% in nominal terms in 2022. The economy consists of public sector enterprises, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and mixed-ownership enterprises, as well as a large domestic private sector and openness to foreign businesses in their system. According to the annual data of major economic indicators released by the National Bureau of Statistics since 1952, China's GDP grew by an average of 6.17% per year in the 26 years from 1953 to 1978. China implemented economic reform in 1978, and from 1979 to 2023, the country's GDP growth rate grew by an average of 8.93% per year in the 45 years since its implementing economic reform. According to preliminary data released by the authorities, China's GDP in 2023 was CN¥126.06 trillion with a real increase of 5.2% than the last year.

Richard Gilmore is President/CEO of GIC Trade, Inc., an international agribusiness company with partner offices in Beijing, São Paulo, Quito, Moscow, and Tel Aviv. He is also Founder and Chairman of the Global Food Safety Forum (GFSF), a non-profit industry organization focused on educational and training activities in Asia with offices in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Vietnam. A trade economist and businessman with a Ph.D. from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, where he was a Fulbright Fellow, Gilmore served as Trustee for Bayer CropSciences, Syngenta Corporation, and Agrium, Inc. He is currently Trustee in the U.S. and Canada for Nutrien. He also served as Special External Advisor to the White House/USAID for the Private Sector/Global Food Security and Managing Director of the Global Food Safety Forum (GFSF) in Beijing. Gilmore developed two agro-carbon instruments: Commodity Plus Carbon (CPC)and GIC Ag Carbon Intensity Index.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chinese economic stimulus program</span> Government Plan

The 2008–09 Chinese economic stimulus plan was a RMB¥ 4 trillion stimulus package aiming to minimize the impact of the financial crisis of 2007–2008 on the Chinese economy. It was announced by the State Council of the People's Republic of China on 9 November 2008. The economic stimulus plan was seen as a success: While China's economic growth fell to almost 6% by the end of 2008, it had recovered to over 10% by in mid-2009. Critics of China's stimulus package have blamed it for causing a surge in Chinese debt since 2009, particularly among local governments and state-owned enterprises. The World Bank subsequently went on to recommend similar public works spending campaigns to western governments experiencing the effects of the financial crisis, but the US and EU instead decided to pursue long-term policies of quantitative easing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lúcio Mauro Vinhas de Souza</span> Brazilian-Portuguese economist

Lúcio Vinhas de Souza is a Brazilian Born-Portuguese economist. His main research areas are global macroeconomics, development economics, monetary economics, finance and country risk, with extensive work experience at the developed economies of the European Union and the US, and in several emerging market regions, from the former Soviet Union to East Asia, Africa and Latin America.

The East Asian Bureau of Economic Research (EABER) is a forum for economic research and analysis of the major issues facing the economies of East Asia.

Shang-Jin Wei is the N. T. Wang Professor of Chinese Business and Economy and Professor of Finance and Economics at Columbia Business School. At Columbia University, Wei is also affiliated with the School of International and Public Affairs and the Weatherhead East Asian Institute. His research covers international finance, trade, macroeconomics, and China, and he writes and speaks frequently in the area of U.S.-China economic integration and other international finance and trade issues.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank</span> Multilateral development bank

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a multilateral development bank and international financial institution that aims to collectively improve economic and social outcomes in Asia. It is the world's second largest multi-lateral development institution. Headquartered in Beijing, China, the bank currently has 109 members, including 13 prospective members from around the world. The breakdown of the 109 members by continents are as follows: 42 in Asia, 26 in Europe, 22 in Africa, 9 in Oceania, 8 in South America, and 2 in North America. The bank started operation after the agreement entered into force on 25 December 2015, after ratifications were received from 10 member states holding a total number of 50% of the initial subscriptions of the Authorized Capital Stock.

The 2015-2016 Chinese stock market turbulence began with the popping of a stock market bubble on 12 June 2015 and ended in early February 2016. A third of the value of A-shares on the Shanghai Stock Exchange was lost within one month of the event. Major aftershocks occurred around 27 July and 24 August's "Black Monday". By 8–9 July 2015, the Shanghai stock market had fallen 30 percent over three weeks as 1,400 companies, or more than half listed, filed for a trading halt in an attempt to prevent further losses. Values of Chinese stock markets continued to drop despite efforts by the government to reduce the fall. After three stable weeks the Shanghai index fell again by 8.48 percent on 24 August, marking the largest fall since 2007.

Sustainable finance is the set of practices, standards, norms, regulations and products that pursue financial returns alongside environmental and/or social objectives. It is sometimes used interchangeably with Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) investing. However, many distinguish between ESG integration for better risk-adjusted returns and a broader field of sustainable finance that also includes impact investing, social finance and ethical investing.

Window guidance or informal guidance, is an informal policy instrument used to regulate the supply of credit in an industry or sector. Window guidance typically involves the use of benevolent compulsion in order to regulate the supply of credit as a way to achieve policy targets such as sustainability. Window guidance involves the use of monetary policy instruments including lending quotas as an informal way to subsidize or regulate the volume of credit in an industry or financial sector. Window guidance is often associated with the Bank of Japan's policies during the Japanese economic miracle, although similar policies have been widely used in the post WWII era in other Asian countries, as well as Western European countries and Canada.

References

  1. America's Nightly Scoreboard August 24, 2011. Fox Business Network. August 24, 2011. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
  2. Bunge Beijing Lecture Tour Documents, Oct. 14-20, 2011, October 14–20, 2011, retrieved May 26, 2024{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  3. Bunge Beijing Lecture Tour, Oct. 14-20, 2011, October 14–20, 2011, retrieved May 26, 2024{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  4. History of Western Philosophy and Science, Course given at Central University of Finance & Economics, Beijing, June 29, & July 6, 13, 16, 20, 23, 25, & 27, 2008, retrieved May 26, 2024