Related Research Articles
In ethical philosophy, utilitarianism is a family of normative ethical theories that prescribe actions that maximize happiness and well-being for all affected individuals.
Tim Jarvis AM is a British-Australian environmental explorer, adventurer, climber, author and documentary filmmaker, with Masters qualifications in environmental science and environmental law. Due to his 2013 expedition recreating the voyage and mountain crossing of Sir Ernest Shackleton, Jarvis is considered an authority on Shackleton and the leadership style he espoused.
Australian Geographic is a media business that produces the Australian Geographic magazine, DMag magazine, specialist book titles, travel guides, diaries and calendars and online media. It published editions of the Australian Encyclopaedia. It previously operated the Australian Geographic retail chain stores and Australian Geographic Travel and Australian Geographic Adventures.
Alastair Humphreys is an English adventurer, author and motivational speaker. Over a four-year period he bicycled 46,000 miles (74,000 km) around the world. He was a National Geographic Adventurer of the Year in 2012. He is responsible for the rise of the idea of the microadventure – short, local, accessible adventures.
Phillip Garth Law, AC, CBE, FAA, FTSE was an Australian scientist and explorer who served as director of Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) from 1949 to 1966.
Lincoln Ross Hall OAM was a veteran Australian mountain climber, adventurer, author and philanthropist. Lincoln was part of the first Australian expedition to climb Mount Everest in 1984, which successfully forged a new route. He reached the summit of the mountain on his second attempt in 2006, miraculously surviving the night at 8,700 m (28,543 ft) on descent, after his family was told he had died.
Michael Edward Borg Banks MBE was a British soldier, adventurer, climber and author.
Average and total utilitarianism are variants of utilitarianism that seek to maximize the average or total amount of utility; following Henry Sidgwick's question, "Is it total or average happiness that we seek to make a maximum?". They are theories of population ethics, a philosophical field that deals with problems arising when our actions affect the number or identity of individuals born in the future.
Monty Halls is a British TV broadcaster and marine biologist best known for his BBC Great Escape series Monty Halls' Great Escape, Monty Halls' Great Hebridean Escape and Monty Halls' Great Irish Escape, during which he lived and worked in remote parts of the UK and Ireland with his dog Reuben. Halls' other TV programmes include WWII's Great Escapes, Great Barrier Reef and Lost Worlds with Leo Houlding for Discovery Channel.
Robert Douglas "Rob" Gauntlett was an English adventurer, explorer and motivational speaker. In 2006 he became the youngest British climber to reach the summit of Everest.
Thomas Avery, FRGS is a British explorer, author and motivational speaker. He made record-breaking journeys to the South Pole in 2002 and to the North Pole in 2005. He is one of fewer than ten people throughout history to have completed the Polar Trilogy; full length expeditions to the South Pole and North Pole and a coast to coast crossing of Greenland. Avery and his teammates hold two Guinness World Records; the fastest surface journey to the North Pole and the fastest coast-to-coast crossing of Greenland. He is also the youngest Briton to have reached both the North and South Poles on foot.
Adrian Hayes is a British record-breaking polar explorer and adventurer, best known for reaching the three extreme points of the Earth—the Three Poles Challenge—which involved walking all the way to the North Pole, South Pole and summiting Mount Everest, all in the shortest period of time.
Andrew Wight was an Australian screenwriter and producer best known for his 2011 film Sanctum. He produced over 45 films including television documentaries, live television specials and 3D IMAX films. His credits include Ghosts of the Abyss, Aliens of the Deep and Expedition: Bismarck. Andrew Wight was honored with the Australian Geographic Society Spirit of Adventure Awards in 1989.
Avalon Historico-Geographical Society is a membership NGO, established in 2004 and based in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. Its main fields of activities include various expeditions in Kazakhstan and abroad, including bicycle ones, development of ecotourism and bicycle infrastructure in Central Kazakhstan, publishing in tourism and travels.
Sean Burch is an American explorer, leadership performance specialist, and filmmaker. He is author of the book, Hyperfitness: 12 Weeks to Reaching Your Inner Everest and Getting into the Best Shape of Your Life . He holds 8 World Records within fitness and adventure, and was winner of National Geographic Channel’s Ultimate Survival Alaska TV show. Burch is the creator and founder of Hyperfitness, a wellness program. He was named Goodwill Ambassador to Nepal by their country's government. He resides within the Washington DC area.
Linda Beilharz, OAM, is an Australian adventurer who is the first Australian woman to successfully trek the South and North poles. She completed the North Pole expedition with her husband Rob Rigato and Canadian explorer Sarah McNair-Landry in April 2010. while the South Pole trek was completed in December 2004, she became the first Australian woman to ski 1,100 km from the edge of the Antarctic to the South Pole. Beilharz and Rigato have also completed a 35-day crossing across the Greenland Icecap in April 2007, and the South Patagonia icecap in 2012, after an earlier unsuccessful attempt in 2009. New Zealander, Kerryn Wratt was the third member of the successful 2012 crossing.
Negative utilitarianism is a form of negative consequentialism that can be described as the view that people should minimize the total amount of aggregate suffering, or that they should minimize suffering and then, secondarily, maximize the total amount of happiness. It can be considered as a version of utilitarianism that gives greater priority to reducing suffering than to increasing pleasure. This differs from classical utilitarianism, which does not claim that reducing suffering is intrinsically more important than increasing happiness. Both versions of utilitarianism hold that morally right and morally wrong actions depend solely on the consequences for overall aggregate well-being. 'Well-being' refers to the state of the individual.
Myrtle Lillias Simpson is a Scottish skier and the tenth woman to receive the Polar Medal. She has been called the "mother of Scottish skiing". She was the first woman to ski across Greenland on an unsupported expedition. She was president of the Scottish Ski Club in the 1970s and has written several books.
Oliver "Olly" Hicks is a British ocean rower, kayaker, explorer and inspirational speaker. He holds three world records for adventure. He is best known for his solo ocean rows and extreme kayak voyages. He first made the headlines after his solo trans-Atlantic voyage in 2005 when he became the first and currently only person to row from America to England solo and the youngest person to row any ocean solo. Hicks has rowed and paddled over 7,000 miles on ocean expeditions since 2005. Over 6,000 miles and 220 days alone at sea.
Clark Carter is an Australian explorer and filmmaker. Clark Carter and Chris Bray became the first recorded people to walk across Victoria Island in the Arctic Archipelago. Carter is a member of the "Society for Human Performance in Extreme Environments".
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Roger Chao". The World Explorers Bureau. 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 "Roger Chao". NADC . Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 "Chao Roger". ExploraPoles. International Polar Foundation. 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ↑ Lewis, Daniel (25 September 2006). "Icing on the cake for those who make a meal of adventure". The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- ↑ "AG Society Adventure Awards". Australian Geographic. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ↑ "Partners". Steppe By Steppe — Side By Side. November 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Roger". Steppe By Steppe — Side By Side. November 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 "Chao — Australia Day". Australia Day (Victoria). 30 November 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ↑ "Home". Steppe By Steppe — Side By Side. November 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- 1 2 Ashton, David (September 2011). "'One of Australia's most prolific adventurers'". Great Scot. Scotch College . Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ↑ Chao, "Negative Average Preference Utilitarianism", Journal of Philosophy of Life, 2012; 2(1): 55-66
  | This biography of an Australian academic is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This Australian biographical article relating to sport is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |