Rostov–Novocherkassk Operation

Last updated
Rostov–Novocherkassk Operation
Part of the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War
Donskogo Voiska Oblast' 1900.svg
Don Area
DateJanuary 6-10, 1920
Location
Don Host Oblast, Southern Russia
Result Red Army victory. White Army cut in two. Beginning of the North Caucasus and Odessa operations.
Belligerents
Flag of Russia.svg Armed Forces of South Russia Flag RSFSR 1918.svg Russian SFSR
Commanders and leaders
Flag of Don Cossacks.svg Konstantin Mamontov
Flag of Russia.svg Ivan Barbovitch
Flag of Russia.svg Sergei Toporkov
Flag RSFSR 1918.svg Grigori Sokolnikov
Flag RSFSR 1918.svg Mikhail Levandovsky
Flag RSFSR 1918.svg Semyon Budyonny
Units involved

Don White Army.svg Don Army

  • 3rd Don Cavalry Corps
  • 4th Don Cavalry Corps

Volunteer Army Insignia.svg Volunteer Army

  • Consolidated Cavalry Corps
  • Volunteer infantry corps

Soviet Red Army Hammer and Plough.svg Southern Front

The Rostov-Novocherkassk operation (January 6-10, 1920) was an offensive operation on the Don River of the Southern and the South-Eastern Front the Red Army against the White Guard troops during the Russian Civil War.

The operation

In December 1919, the Red Army had conducted the successful Donbass Operation (1919) in which the Donets River had bee crossed and the Donbass conquered. In the night of January 6 to 7, 1920, Red troops captured Taganrog on the Sea of Azov, effectively cutting the White Army into two.

On January 7, troops of the 9th Red Army also captured Novocherkassk, the capital of the Don Cossacks. This forced Konstantin Mamontov's 4th Don Cavalry Corps, in defiance of Denikin's order, to retreat behind the Don. On the night of January 8-9, troops of the 8th and 1st Cavalry armies began street fighting in Rostov-on-Don, and on January 10 completely captured it.

The Rostov–Novocherkassk Operation was followed by the North Caucasus and Odessa operations.

On January 16, the Supreme War Council of the Entente decided to lift the economic blockade against the RSFSR.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Don Army</span> Military unit

The Don Army was the military of the short lived Don Republic and a part of the White movement in the Russian Civil War. It operated from 1918 to 1920, in the Don region and centered in the town of Novocherkassk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ivan Sidorovich Lazarenko</span>

Ivan Sidorovich Lazarenko was a Red Army major general and a posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orel–Kursk operation</span>

The Orel–Kursk operation was an offensive conducted by the Southern Front of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic's Red Army against the White Armed Forces of South Russia's Volunteer Army in Orel, Kursk and Tula Governorates of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic between 11 October and 18 November 1919. It took place on the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War and was part of the wider October counteroffensive of the Southern Front, a Red Army operation that aimed to stop Armed Forces of South Russia commander Anton Denikin's Moscow offensive.

The 21st Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and then the Soviet Union's Red Army, active between 1918 and 1945.

The North Caucasus Operation was a strategic offensive conducted by the Caucasian Front of the Red Army against the White Armed Forces of South Russia in the North Caucasus region between 17 January and 7 April 1920. It took place on the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War and was a Soviet attempt to destroy White resistance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donbas-Don operation (1918)</span> Military campaign

The Donbas-Don operation was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War that lasted from January to February 1918, by forces of the Southern Revolutionary Front under the command of Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko, against the Cossack troops of Alexey Kaledin and Volunteer detachments on the territory of the Donbas and the Don Cossack region. It was the decisive operation in the complete conquest of Russia by the Bolsheviks following the October Revolution.

The 33rd Kuban Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War and the Polish–Soviet War. The division was first formed as the 33rd Rifle Division in March 1919 on the Southern Front and became the 33rd Kuban Rifle Division in December 1919. From June 1920 the division fought in the Polish–Soviet War. In September 1920, the units from the 33rd and other divisions became part of the new Kuban Cavalry Division, which soon became the 5th Kuban Cavalry Division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Front (RSFSR)</span> Military unit

The Southern Front was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, formed twice.

The Southeastern Front was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War which existed between 30 September 1919 and 16 January 1920. The Front headquarters were located in Saratov.

The 8th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the jovial Russian Civil War which existed from 26 September 1918 until 20 March 1920.

The 9th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War which existed from October 3, 1918 until June 22, 1921.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steppe March</span> 1918 retreat of Don Cossacks during the Russian Civil War

The Steppe March was a successful military withdrawal by the Don Cossacks in Spring 1918, towards the steppe around the Sal River, to ensure their survival under attack from the Red Army.

The Voronezh–Povorino Operation, was a battle in January 1919 between the White and Red Armies during the Russian Civil War around the city of Voronezh and the railway station of Povorino. The Red Army defeated the Don Army under Pyotr Krasnov.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle for the Donbas (1919)</span>

The Battle for Donbas was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War that lasted from January to May 1919, in which White forces repulsed attacks of the Red Army on the Don Host Oblast and occupied the Donbas region after heavy fighting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Front counteroffensive</span>

The August counter-offensive of the Southern Front was an offensive during the Russian Civil War by the troops of the Southern Front of the Red Army against the White Guard troops of Anton Denikin. Combat operations were conducted by two offensive groups, the main blow was aimed towards the Don region. The troops of the Red Army were unable to carry out the assigned task, but their actions delayed the subsequent offensive of Denikin's army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ivan Morozov (major general)</span> Soviet military commander

Ivan Konstantinovich Morozov was a major general of the Red Army during the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donbas operation (1919)</span>

The Donbas operation of 1919 was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War, in which the Southern Front of the Red Army regained control of the Donbas region from the Armed Forces of South Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Advance on Moscow (1919)</span> White Army military campaign during the Russian Civil War

The Advance on Moscow was a military campaign of the White Armed Forces of South Russia (AFSR), launched against the RSFSR in July 1919 during the Russian Civil War. The goal of the campaign was the capture of Moscow, which, according to the chief of the White Army Anton Denikin, would play a decisive role in the outcome of the Civil War and bring the Whites closer to the final victory. After initial successes, in which the city of Oryol at only 360 kilometres (220 mi) from Moscow was taken, Denikin's overextended Army was decisively defeated in a series of battles in October and November 1919.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrey Nikitin (general)</span>

Andrey Grigoryevich Nikitin was a Red Army major general.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrey Oleynikov</span>

Andrey Ivanovich Oleynikov was a Soviet Army major general who commanded the 95th Guards Rifle Division during World War II.