Related Research Articles
Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global population, known as Hindus. Hinduism has been called the world's oldest religion still practised, though some debate remains.
Hindus ; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was an Indian politician, philosopher, and statesman who served as the second president of India from 1962 to 1967. He previously served as the first vice president of India from 1952 to 1962. He was the second ambassador of India to the Soviet Union from 1949 to 1952. He was also the fourth vice-chancellor of Banaras Hindu University from 1939 to 1948 and the second vice-chancellor of Andhra University from 1931 to 1936. Radhakrishnan is considered one of the most influential and distinguished 20th century scholars of comparative religion and philosophy, he held the King George V Chair of Mental and Moral Science at the University of Calcutta from 1921 to 1932 and Spalding Chair of Eastern Religion and Ethics at University of Oxford from 1936 to 1952.
Hindutva is a political ideology encompassing the cultural justification of Hindu nationalism and the belief in establishing Hindu hegemony within India. The political ideology was formulated by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1922. It is used by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP), the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and other organisations, collectively called the Sangh Parivar.
The historical Vedic religion constituted the religious ideas and practices among some of the Indo-Aryan peoples of the northwest Indian subcontinent during the Vedic period. These ideas and practices are found in the Vedic texts, and some Vedic rituals are still practiced today. It is one of the major traditions which shaped Hinduism, though present-day Hinduism is markedly different from the historical Vedic religion.
David Frawley is an American author, astrologer, teacher (acharya) and a proponent of Hindutva.
In the field of comparative religion, many scholars, academics, and religious figures have looked at the relationships between Hinduism and other religions.
Indology, also known as South Asian studies, is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of the Indian subcontinent, and as such is a subset of Asian studies.
The history of Hinduism covers a wide variety of related religious traditions native to the Indian subcontinent. It overlaps or coincides with the development of religion in the Indian subcontinent since the Iron Age, with some of its traditions tracing back to prehistoric religions such as those of the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation. Hinduism has thus been called the "oldest religion" in the world. Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder. This Hindu synthesis emerged after the Vedic period, between c. 500 and 200 BCE and c. 300 CE, in or after the period of the Second Urbanisation, and during the early classical period of Hinduism. It flourished in the medieval period, with the decline of Buddhism in India.
Madhu Purnima Kishwar is an Indian academic and a commentator. She is currently employed as a chair Professor in the Indian Council of Social Science Research. Kishwar along with fellow-academic Ruth Vanita co-founded the journal Manushi.
Jeffrey John Kripal is an American college professor. He is the J. Newton Rayzor Chair in Philosophy and Religious Thought at Rice University in Houston, Texas.
Hinduism is the third largest religious group in the United Kingdom, after Christianity and Islam; the religion is followed by around 1.7% of the total population of the nation. Hindus had a presence in the United Kingdom since the early 19th century, as at the time India was part of the British Empire. Many Indians in the British Indian Army settled in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. According to 2021 United Kingdom census, 1,032,775 residents (1.7%) identified themselves as Hindus.
The Centre for the Study of Local Cultures(CSLC), better known as the CSLC, is a research centre at Kuvempu University located in the rural village Shankaraghatta in the Shimoga district of Karnataka (India). It was founded in 2004-2005.
Hindu studies is the study of the traditions and practices of the Indian subcontinent, and considered as a subfield of Indology. Beginning with British philology in the colonial period, Hindu studies has been practiced largely by Westerners, due in part to the lack of a distinct department for religion in Indian academia. Since the 1990s this has caused some dissent from Hindus, raising questions in academia about the role of Hindu studies in creating postcolonial images of India.
Invading the Sacred: An Analysis of Hinduism Studies in America is a book published in 2007 by Rupa & Co. which argues that there are factual inaccuracies in Hindu studies. The editors of the book are Krishnan Ramaswamy, Antonio T. de Nicolás, and Aditi Banerjee. The book has contributions from Arvind Sharma of McGill University, S. N. Balagangadhara of Ghent University, psychoanalyst Alan Roland, Yvette Rosser, Ramesh N. Rao, Pandita Indrani Rampersad, Yuvraj Krishnan, and others. Rajiv Malhotra played a large role in drafting most of the book's content. He stated that through this book, he intended to bring attention to, and provide a counter-argument to, the prevalent Freudian psychoanalytical critiques of Hinduism in the American Academy of Religion's RISA group. After the controversy surrounding Wendy Doniger's book The Hindus: An Alternative History erupted in India, the authors decided to make it freely available online as it critiques a major part of her work.
Hinduism is recognized in the Baháʼí Faith as one of nine known religions. Krishna is included in the succession of Manifestations of God.
"The Heathen in his Blindness...": Asia, the West and the Dynamic of Religion by S. N. Balagangadhara, first published in 1994 by E. J. Brill, is a book about religion, culture and cultural difference. Manohar Publishers published a second, hardcover edition of the book in 2005, and a third, paperback, edition in 2012.
Neo-Vedanta, also called Hindu modernism, neo-Hinduism, Global Hinduism and Hindu Universalism, are terms to characterize interpretations of Hinduism that developed in the 19th century. The term "Neo-Vedanta" was coined by German Indologist Paul Hacker, in a pejorative way, to distinguish modern developments from "traditional" Advaita Vedanta.
Vamsee Juluri is a professor of media studies at the University of San Francisco.
Michael J Altman is a scholar of American religious history and Asian religions in American culture at The University of Alabama. His research focuses on the development of the representation of Hinduism in the United States.
References
- 1 2 Anantharaman, Sudha (9 December 2007). "In search of new idioms". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
- ↑ "Home Page Gyaana.eu Research Centre Vergelijkende Cultuurwetenschap". Research Centre Vergelijkende Cultuurwetenschap. 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
More generally, the current social sciences and humanities present themselves as knowledge about human beings and their societies and cultures. Still, its theorising mistakes the Western cultural experience for a universal human experience and reduces other cultures to (pale and erring) variants of the West. One of the challenges, then, is to understand Western culture by looking at its descriptions of other cultures. One of the next challenges is to understand the Indian culture. How has this culture understood human beings, societies and cultures?
- ↑ Almond, Philip C. (1 July 1996). "'The Heathen in his Blindness'?". Cultural Dynamics. 8 (2): 137–145. doi:10.1177/092137409600800203. ISSN 0921-3740. S2CID 144604350.
- ↑ Trompf, Garry (1998). "Review of "The Heathen in his Blindness..." Asia, the West and the Dynamic of Religion. (Studies in the History of Religions 64)". Method & Theory in the Study of Religion. 10 (2): 227–231. doi: 10.1163/157006898X00088 . ISSN 0943-3058. JSTOR 23555113.
- ↑ Larson, Gerald (1997). "Review of "The Heathen in His Blindness...": Asia, the West and the Dynamic of Religion". Philosophy East and West. 47 (3): 433–435. doi:10.2307/1399914. ISSN 0031-8221. JSTOR 1399914.
- 1 2 Sutton, Deborah Ruth (3 July 2018). "'So called caste': S. N. Balagangadhara, the Ghent School and the Politics of grievance". Contemporary South Asia. 26 (3): 336–349. doi:10.1080/09584935.2018.1498453. ISSN 0958-4935. S2CID 150223475.
- ↑ "Book Review Essays". American Anthropologist. 98 (1): 162–163. 1996. doi:10.1525/aa.1996.98.1.02a00180. ISSN 1548-1433.
- ↑ Kannan, Sushumna (31 December 2010). "Meaningful encounter". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X . Retrieved 28 December 2020.
- ↑ Rosemont, Henry (1 July 1996). "How do You Learn to be Religious?: A Response to S.N. Balagangadhara". Cultural Dynamics. 8 (2): 161–169. doi:10.1177/092137409600800205. ISSN 0921-3740. S2CID 144013198.
- 1 2 Shah, Prakash (2014). Balagangadhara, S. N. (ed.). "Critiquing the Western Account of India Studies within a Comparative Science of Cultures". International Journal of Hindu Studies. 18 (1): 67–72. doi:10.1007/s11407-014-9153-y. ISSN 1022-4556. JSTOR 24713739. S2CID 145784795.
- ↑ "Hindutva and historical revisionism". History Workshop. 20 July 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
- ↑ [AAR News] (March 2007). "Religious Studies News" (PDF). 22 (2): 5. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Vorel, Petr. "LAUDATIO: Prof. Dr. S. N. Bálagangádhara Ráo" (PDF). University of Pardubice. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
- ↑ "Dokumenty Univerzity Pardubice" . Retrieved 9 October 2013.
- ↑ "Aktuality". University of Pardubice. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
- ↑ "Photos of the Ceremony". University of Pardubice. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
- ↑ "A documentary about the Centre". YouTube . Archived from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
- ↑ The Hindu, Online edition of India's National Newspaper, Monday, Aug 13, 2007
