| SENP1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | SENP1 , SuPr-2, SUMO1/sentrin specific peptidase 1, SUMO specific peptidase 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 612157; MGI: 2445054; HomoloGene: 8731; GeneCards: SENP1; OMA:SENP1 - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sentrin-specific protease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SENP1 gene. [5] [6] [7]
There are six known SUMO proteases in humans that have been designated SENP1-3 and SENP5-7 (sentrin/SUMO-specific protease). The six proteases possess a conserved C-terminal domain which are variable in size, and with a distinct N-terminal domain between them. The C-terminal domain shows catalytic activity and the N-terminal domain regulates cell localization and substrate specificity. [8]
SENP1 (Sentrin-specific protease 1) is a human protease of 643 amino acids with a molecular weight of 73 kDa, EC number in humans 3.4.22.B70. It adopts a conformation that identifies it as a member of the superfamily of cysteine proteases, which contain a catalytic triad with three characterized amino acids: a cysteine at position 603, a histidine at position 533 and aspartic acid at position 550. The primary nucleophile is cysteine located at the N-terminal alpha helix of the protein core. The other two amino acids, aspartate and histidine, are located in the end of a beta sheet. [9]
Both SENP1 are located in the nucleus and cytosol depending on the cell type, although it has been seen to be exported out from the nucleus to the cytosol through a sequence of nuclear export (NES) that is located at the C-terminus. The mammalian SENP1 is localized mainly in the nucleus. [10]
SENP1 catalyzes maturation of SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier). SENP1 causes hydrolysis of a peptide bond of SUMO in the conserved sequence Gly-Gly-|-Ala-Thr-Tyr at the C-terminus, [11] which can then be conjugated to other proteins (sumoylation). [12] In vertebrates there are three members of the family of SUMO: SUMO-1, -2 and -3. SENP1 can catalyze the maturation of any of these three. This conjugation of SUMO toward other proteins is similar to ubiquitination, however these modifications can lead to different outcomes depending on the type of protein being modified. [13]
Caspase-3 is a caspase protein that interacts with caspase-8 and caspase-9. It is encoded by the CASP3 gene. CASP3 orthologs have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts.
Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUMO1 gene.
NEDD8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEDD8 gene. This ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein becomes covalently conjugated to a limited number of cellular proteins, in a process called NEDDylation similar to ubiquitination. Human NEDD8 shares 60% amino acid sequence identity to ubiquitin. The primary known substrates of NEDD8 modification are the cullin subunits of cullin-based E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are active only when NEDDylated. Their NEDDylation is critical for the recruitment of E2 to the ligase complex, thus facilitating ubiquitin conjugation. NEDD8 modification has therefore been implicated in cell cycle progression and cytoskeletal regulation.
Small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUMO2 gene.
Syntaxin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STX4 gene.
Testicular receptor 4 also known as NR2C2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2C2 gene.
Peroxiredoxin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDX1 gene.
Rh-associated glycoprotein (RHAG) is an ammonia transporter protein that in humans is encoded by the RHAG gene. RHAG has also recently been designated CD241. Mutations in the RHAG gene can cause stomatocytosis.
Small ubiquitin-related modifier 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUMO3 gene.
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene SLC22A1.
DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAJB6 gene.
Syntaxin-binding protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STXBP3 gene.
SUMO1/sentrin/SMT3 specific peptidase 3, also known as SENP3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SENP3 gene.
Prostasin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRSS8 gene.
Sentrin-specific protease 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SENP6 gene.
Sentrin-specific protease 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SENP2 gene.
The human gene API5 encodes the protein Apoptosis inhibitor 5.
Synaptotagmin-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYTL1 gene.
Sentrin-specific protease 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SENP8 gene.
Sentrin-specific protease 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SENP7 gene.
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