Santa Luzia Dam

Santa Luzia Dam
Santa Luzia Dam
	Santa Luzia Dam
	Location of Santa Luzia Dam in Portugal
Official name	Barragem de Santa Luzia
Location	municipality Pampilhosa da Serra, Coimbra District, Portugal
Coordinates	40°5′23.2″N7°51′28.8″W / 40.089778°N 7.858000°W Coordinates: 40°5′23.2″N7°51′28.8″W / 40.089778°N 7.858000°W
Status	Operational
Construction began	1930
Opening date	1942
Dam and spillways
Type of dam	Concrete arch dam
Impounds	Unhais
Height	76 metres (249 ft)
Length	115 metres (377 ft)
Width (crest)	2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in)
Dam volume	80,000 m3 (2,800,000 cu ft)
Reservoir
Creates	Santa Luzia Reservoir
Total capacity	53,700,000 m3 (1.90×109 cu ft)
Surface area	2.46 km2 (0.95 sq mi)
Power Station
Commission date	1942
Turbines	4 x 8 MW Pelton-type
Installed capacity	32 MW
Annual generation	55 GWh

Last updated February 20, 2019

Santa Luzia Dam (Portuguese: Barragem de Santa Luzia) is a concrete arch dam on the Unhais, a northern tributary of the Zêzere River, located in the municipality Pampilhosa da Serra, in Coimbra District, Portugal. The dam was constructed between 1930 and 1942^[1] and was designed by André Coyne.^[2]

Concrete, usually Portland cement concrete, is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that hardens over time—most frequently a lime-based cement binder, such as Portland cement, but sometimes with other hydraulic cements, such as a calcium aluminate cement. It is distinguished from other, non-cementitious types of concrete all binding some form of aggregate together, including asphalt concrete with a bitumen binder, which is frequently used for road surfaces, and polymer concretes that use polymers as a binder.

Arch dam solid dam made of concrete that is curved upstream in plan

An arch dam is a concrete dam that is curved upstream in plan. The arch dam is designed so that the force of the water against it, known as hydrostatic pressure, presses against the arch, compressing and strengthening the structure as it pushes into its foundation or abutments. An arch dam is most suitable for narrow canyons or gorges with steep walls of stable rock to support the structure and stresses. Since they are thinner than any other dam type, they require much less construction material, making them economical and practical in remote areas.

The Zêzere is a river in Portugal, tributary to the Tagus. It rises in the Serra da Estrela, near the Torre, the highest point of continental Portugal. The Zêzere runs through the town Manteigas, runs through Belmonte, passes south of the city Covilhã and east of the town of Pedrogão Grande. It flows into the Tagus in Constância. It is the second longest river in Portugal. Its slope allows for the hydroelectric powerplants of Cabril, Bouçã and Castelo de Bode.

Design

Santa Luzia Dam is a 76 m tall and 115 m long arch dam. The volume of the dam is 80.000 m³. The dam contains 2 crest spillways and one bottom outlet. At full reservoir level the reservoir of the dam (Portuguese: Albufeira da Barragem de Santa Luzia) has a surface area of 2.46 km² and its total capacity is 53.7 Mio m³.^[1]

A spillway is a structure used to provide the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically the riverbed of the dammed river itself. In the United Kingdom, they may be known as overflow channels. Spillways ensure that the water does not overflow and damage or destroy the dam.

The concrete of the dam is affected by concrete swelling, caused by an alkali–silica reaction, that leads to tensions and cracks in the concrete.^[3]^[4]

The alkali–silica reaction (ASR), more commonly known as "concrete cancer", is a swelling reaction that occurs over time in concrete between the highly alkaline cement paste and the reactive non-crystalline (amorphous) silica found in many common aggregates, given sufficient moisture.

Power plant

The power plant is one of the smaller hydroelectric power stations in Portugal with a nameplate capacity of 32 MW. Its average annual generation is 55 Mio. kWh. The power station contains four Pelton turbine-generators.^[1]

Hydroelectricity electricity generated by hydropower

Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower. In 2015, hydropower generated 16.6% of the world's total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity, and was expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years.

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located mostly on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. It is the westernmost sovereign state of mainland Europe. It is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain. Its territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, both autonomous regions with their own regional governments.

Nameplate capacity, also known as the rated capacity, nominal capacity, installed capacity, or maximum effect, is the intended full-load sustained output of a facility such as a power plant, electric generator, a chemical plant, fuel plant, metal refinery, mine, and many others. Nameplate capacity is the number registered with authorities for classifying the power output of a power station usually expressed in megawatts (MW).

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References

1 2 3 "SANTA LUZIA DAM". Comissão Nacional Portuguesa de Grandes Barragens (CNPGB). Retrieved 2014-11-09.
↑ "Santa Luzia Dam". Structurae International Database for Civil and Structural Engineering. Retrieved 2014-11-09.
↑ "RELIABILITY OF ARCH DAMS SUBJECT TO CONCRETE SWELLING" (PDF). www.xitizap.com. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 2014-11-09.
↑ "A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF AAR-EFFECTS IN ARCH DAMS" (PDF). www.xitizap.com. p. 4. Retrieved 2014-11-09.

External links

"Barragem de Sta. Luzia". Wikimapia. Retrieved 2014-11-09.
"Barragem de Santa Luzia 2013". Youtube. Retrieved 2014-11-09.
"Barragem de Santa Luzia - descarga de topo". Youtube. Retrieved 2014-11-09.

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[cnpgb-1] 1 2 3 "SANTA LUZIA DAM". Comissão Nacional Portuguesa de Grandes Barragens (CNPGB). Retrieved 2014-11-09.

[2] "Santa Luzia Dam". Structurae International Database for Civil and Structural Engineering. Retrieved 2014-11-09.

[3] "RELIABILITY OF ARCH DAMS SUBJECT TO CONCRETE SWELLING" (PDF). www.xitizap.com. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 2014-11-09.

[4] "A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF AAR-EFFECTS IN ARCH DAMS" (PDF). www.xitizap.com. p. 4. Retrieved 2014-11-09.