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Erchia was a deme of ancient Attica, of the phyle of Aegeis, sending six or seven delegates to the Athenian Boule, but eleven delegates after 307/6 BCE. According to Stephanus of Byzantium, in Greek mythology, the name comes from an inhabitant of the deme who hosted Demeter.
Aphidna or Aphidnae or Aphidnai (Ἀφίδναι) was one of the twelve ancient towns of ancient Attica. It was celebrated in the mythical period as the place where Theseus deposited Helen of Troy, entrusting her to the care of his friend Aphidnus. When the Dioscuri invaded Attica in search of their sister, the inhabitants of Deceleia informed the Lacedaemonians where Helen was concealed, and showed them the way to Aphidna. The Dioscuri thereupon took the town, and carried off their sister. We learn, from a decree quoted by Demosthenes, that Aphidna was, in his time, a fortified town, and at a greater distance than 120 stadia from Athens. As an Attic deme, it belonged in succession to the tribes Aeantis, Leontis, Ptolemais, and Hadrianis.
Cephale or Kephale was a deme of ancient Attica of the phyle Acamantis, that appears, from the order in which it occurs in the list of Pausanias, to have been situated south or east of Hymettus, perhaps in the neighbourhood of Brauron, where Ludwig Ross found an inscription containing the name of this deme. Cephale possessed a temple of the Dioscuri, who were here called the Great Gods.
Hermus or Hermos was a deme of ancient Attica. It lay on the sacred road to Eleusis, between the Cephissus and the Pythium, a temple of Apollo on Mount Poecilum, upon a rivulet of the same name. Here was the splendid monument of Pythonice, the wife of Harpalus.
Oeum Cerameicum or Oion Kerameikon was a deme of ancient Athens. It was surnamed to distinguish it from Oeum Deceleicum near Deceleia. Its name shows that it was near the outer Cerameicus.
Eupyridae or Eupyridai was a deme of ancient Attica.
Cropia or Kropia or Cropeia or Kropeia (Κρωπειά), also known as Cropidae or Kropidai, was a deme of ancient Attica.
Athmonum or Athmonon, also Athmonia (Ἀθμονία), was a deme of ancient Attica, situated on the site of the Marousi (Amarousion). The name of the modern village has been derived from Amarysia, a surname of Artemis, who was worshipped under this designation at Athmonum. An inscription found near Marousi, in which the temenos of this goddess is mentioned, puts the matter beyond dispute. Athmonum also possessed a very ancient temple of Aphrodite Urania. The inhabitants of this deme appear to have been considered clever wine-dressers.
Eiresidae or Eiresidai was a deme of ancient Attica, west or southwest of Cephisia, and adjacent to Iphistiadae.
Halae Aexonides or Halai Aixonides, also known as Aexonides Halae or Aixonides Halai, was a deme of ancient Attica, a little south of Aexone. It derived its name from its salt-works. Its surname distinguishes it from Halae Araphenides. Its most important sanctuary was Temple of Apollo Zoster, ruins of which remain in modern Vouliagmeni.
Sphendale was a deme of ancient Attica at which Persian general Mardonius halted on his route from Deceleia to Tanagra. In the territory of Sphendale there was a hill, named Hyacinthus.
Epacria or Epakria was one of the twelve districts of ancient Attica, and subsequently, as appears from an inscription, a deme near Plotheia and Halae Araphenides. As the name of a district, it was probably synonymous with Diacria. An ancient grammarian describes the district of Epacria as bordering upon that of the Tetrapolis of Marathon.
Phegaea or Phegaia was a deme of ancient Attica in the phyle of Aigeis. The Suda places Phegaea in the phyle of Aeantis.
Phegaea or Phegaia was a deme of ancient Attica in the phyle of Pandionis.
Hecale or Hekale was a deme of ancient Attica. It was probably near Marathon, since it is said to have obtained its name from a woman, Hecale, who hospitably received Theseus into her house, when he had set out to attack the Marathonian Bull, which was ravaging the Tetrapolis. It contained a sanctuary of Zeus Hecaleius.
Thorae or Thorai was a deme of ancient Attica, located a little south of Anagyrus.
Prospalta was a deme of ancient Attica in the phyle Acamantis. It lay in the interior, between Zoster and Potamus.
Phlya was a deme of ancient Attica that lay in the Mesogaea. It must have been a place of importance from the number of temples which it contained, and from its frequent mention in inscriptions.
Cytherus or Kytheros, also known as Cytherum or Kytheron (Κύθηρον), was one of the twelve cities of ancient Attica, and afterwards a deme. Pausanias states that the nymphs of the river Cytherus in Elis were called Ionides from Ion, the son of Gargettus, when he migrated from Athens to Elis.
References
- 1 2 Strabo. Geographica . ix. p.393. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon 's edition.
- ↑ Pausanias. Description of Greece. 1.36.4.
- ↑ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. s.v.
- ↑ Harpocrat. s.v. comp. Schol. ad Aristoph. Eccl. 18.
- ↑ Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World . Princeton University Press. p. 59, and directory notes accompanying.
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