Sergio Franzoi (10 July 1929 - 16 February 2022)[1]was an Italian painter and teacher, one of the last representatives of the post-expressionist venetian current in Italy.
He trained, like other artists, in the collective exhibitions of the Bevilacqua La Masa Foundation. From the early realistic paintings of the fifties, he developed an increasingly personal reinterpretation of expressionism, reaching the point, after twenty years of activity, of painting not only human subjects but also biomorphic forms. From 1948 until the first decade of the 2000s, he participated in regional, national, and international exhibitions, receiving various awards, including the City of Gallarate Painting Prize in 1950, the Suzzara Prize in 1951 and 1957, and the Burano Prize in 1953 and 1956. His works are featured today in public and private art exhibitions, both in Italy and abroad.[2]
Biography
Sergio Franzoi was born on the island of Lido di Venezia on July 10, 1929, where he spent his childhood under the fascist regime of Mussolini. He produced a significant portion of his youthful artistic activity before relocating to the city of Venice around the 1960s. His father was a construction contractor in Venice, and it was here that Sergio Franzoi enrolled in the artistic high school in 1943, at the height of World War II. During this period, he developed his initial artistic and painting skills, combining formal education with self-taught activities. He continued his studies in 1947 when he attended the high school of pictorial training (school of painting) at the Academy of Fine Arts in Venice, studying under Giuseppe Cesetti and graduating in 1952.[1]
The first steps in collective exhibitions
Starting from 1948 until 1963, for fifteen years, Sergio Franzoi substantially participated in almost all the annual exhibitions of the Bevilacqua La Masa Foundation, with the exceptions of the editions in 1951 and 1954. During this period, he won numerous awards for his paintings.[2][3]
Paesaggio di Marghera, 1953, Oil on canvas, 75x70cm, Venice, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia – Ca' Pesaro, Gallery International of Modern Art.
The initial works presented in the group exhibitions were characterized by the typical themes of those years. Transitioning from scenes of labor with social undertones ("Pescherecci," 1948, "Pescatori," 1952), the focus shifted to views and landscapes ("Caldonazzo," 1949, "Capanne sulla spiaggia," 1950, "Case a Burano," 1953, "Paesaggio di Marghera" [4], 1953, and "Paesaggio di Malamocco," 1953).[2]
In 1948, at the age of nineteen, while still a student at the Academy of Fine Arts in Venice, Sergio Franzoi participated for the first time in the 36th edition of the Bevilacqua La Masa, presenting the painting "Pescherecci".[4]
In 1956, Franzoi achieved his first notable recognition—an accomplishment marked by a joint third prize in the painting section, shared with Paolo Meneghesso. The paintings presented, which secured him the third position in the artistic award, included "Paesaggio di Olanda" (Landscape of Holland), "Rimorchiatore in laguna" (Tugboat in the Lagoon), and "Paesaggio Olandese" (Dutch Landscape). These three artworks harked back to realistic painting, remaining closely aligned with his early works from preceding years. This inaugural presence at the Venetian exhibition of artists would be followed by numerous others—sixteen in total—each replete with commendations.
The success of the fifties and sixties
In the 1950s, Franzoi also took part in other painting competitions within the Venetian context, including the Burano Prize on the island of the same name. His entries featured paintings with Venetian lagoon settings, such as "Tramonto" (Sunset) in 1956, which partially echoed the characteristics of his early artistic endeavors.[4]
Amanti, 1960, oil on canvas, 75x100cm, Venice, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art.
Beyond local competitions, Franzoi's works also began to feature in national exhibitions. He participated in the National Exhibition for Figurative Arts held in Rome in 1950, and showcased his art in various Milanese exhibitions, such as the 1952 Exhibition of Poetic Reality at the Salvetti Gallery and the 1956 San Fedele Painting Prize. Additionally, he took part in the 1958 International Biennial of Youth in Gorizia. Between the late 1950s and the 1960s, Franzoi organized several solo exhibitions with the Bevilacqua la Masa Foundation in 1959, 1961, 1963, and 1967.[2]
In 1960, Franzoi secured the second prize ex aequo with his artwork "Amanti" (Lovers), alongside Miro Romagna, Sergio Perolari, and Domenico Boscolo. All of these painters were proponents of figurative art deeply rooted in tradition. The painting "Amanti" depicted a scene of profound lyricism between two nude figures, surrounded by thick black brushstrokes—a characteristic that would become pivotal in the artist's future productions..[2]
I sopravvissuti, 1961 (Black and white image)Il Clown, 1961, oil on panel, 72x72cm, Venice, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art.
The following year, Franzoi once again secured the second place in the painting category at the Bevilacqua competition with his artwork "I sopravvissuti" (The Survivors). This piece continued the figurative art style from the previous edition but altered the composition for a more expansive scope. Instead of featuring two foreground figures, as in the previous work, the new composition depicted four figures, one of whom cradled a child in their arms, following a scheme that could be described as almost archaic. In the same edition, Franzoi also presented another painting, "Il clown" (The Clown), which proved consistent with his earlier works, earning him the second prize the previous year as well. The painting featured a realism evidently influenced by Nordic expressionism, with figures portrayed in sparse tones. These paintings established him as one of the most promising young talents nationally during those years, enabling him to participate in the 1961 Biennale d'Arte Triveneta in Padua and, two years later, in the prestigious National Painting Prize "F. P. Michetti" in Francavilla al Mare. [4]
In those years he had already become an established artist in fact already in 1962 he had exhibited in numerous group exhibitions in Venice and also in other Italian cities including, in addition to those of Rome and Milan . there are in 1951 the National Exhibition of Fine Arts Academies in Naples and in 1959 the National Exhibition of "Aquarium" Painting in Pontedera on the occasion of the IX Pontedera Prize. Furthermore, he had taken part in almost all the group exhibitions of the Bevilacqua La Masa starting from 1948 becoming a well-known name in the Venetian area, ranging also in the national one.[2]
In the meantime, by 1954, Franzoi had become a teacher at the Academy of Fine Arts in Venice—a role he would later relinquish in favor of the position of ornate modeling at the Artistic High School of Venice. He continued to teach in this capacity until his retirement in the early nineties. Throughout the 1950s, he had already garnered numerous accolades in Italy, participating in various art competitions. Notable examples include the 1950 Painting Prize City of Gallarate, the 1953 and 1956 Burano Prize, and the 1951 and 1957 Suzzara Prize. These represent just a few instances of his recognition during that period.[2]
In 1964, after a selection process, Franzoi returned to Rome to participate in the IX Quadriennale, showcasing three works titled Figura n. 1, n. 2, and n. 3. In 1968, his work gained international interest as he exhibited at the VII Biennale del Mediterraneo in Alexandria, Egypt.
The first prize of the 50th edition
Dopo la Catastrofe, 1962, oil on panel, 127x161cm, Venice, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art.
After numerous participations, Franzoi succeeded in winning the 1st prize for painting with the oil painting "Dopo la catastrofe" in the 50th edition of the collective organized by the Fondazione Bevilacqua la Masa between 1962 and 1963.[2]
The jury's choice to award Franzoi the first prize was considered by some as "not very courageous" because it honored a traditional artist. The three paintings presented by Franzoi ("Dopo la catastrofe," "Nudo," and "Uomo con fiore") were indeed examples of figurative art with characteristic features of expressionist painting, marked by thick black outlines and a simplification of forms that would become more relevant in the 1970s, leading to different stylistic outcomes. Specifically, the last painting "Nudo" depicted a reclining female nude figure, portrayed with the rough style and customary black stroke that characterized much of his production during those years. Subsequently, Franzoi abandoned naturalistic representation in favor of an increasingly sparse painting style, with organic but no longer figurative references.[2]
The first prize awarded to Franzoi by the jury during the 50th edition remains one of the most emblematic instances of the classically traditionalist approach maintained by the Venetian foundation in the 1960s. This painting, along with other works, is now housed in the International Gallery of Modern Art at Ca' Pesaro in Venice.[2]
The seventies and the mosaic in the former Hospital at the Sea in Lido di Venezia
During the subsequent 1970s, now a mature artist, Franzoi presented himself as such in various solo exhibitions in Venice. Among them, there was the one held at the Querini Stampalia in 1970, another organized the following year at the Art Gallery "Il Traghetto," and another in 1973 in Mestre at the "Acquario" Gallery. He also participated in several painting competitions, including the 1971 Painting Prize in Bassano Del Grappa and the 1979 Painting Prize "Carlo Dalla Zorza" in Asolo. In 1974, he took part in the National Exhibition of Figurative Arts at the Sforza Castle in Milan.[2][1]
In his artistic life, Franzoi also produced some cartoons and canvases for mosaics with abstract decorative motifs. Noteworthy is the work developed in 1975, comprising a series of five drawings or preparatory cartoons composed of five mosaic subjects commissioned to the Musaicisti School of Friuli on behalf of the former Civil Hospital of Lido di Venezia. The cartoons were created using a mixed technique, employing tempera painting or tessellation.[5]
Specifically, the produced works depict "arrows," all traceable to the same abstract creative nucleus characterized by chromatic tones that play with the idea of movement. The non-scientific tessellation technique enhances the dynamism of the works, making the "carpet-cartoons" themselves colorful and almost ornamental.[5]
Mosaic created and still visible today in the former Civil Hospital (seaside hospital) on the Lido of Venice.
In particular, subjects 3 and 4 of the sketches feature a central whole figure surrounded by other fragmented abstract figures that appear elongated and marked with blue-azure tones and reddish spots. In the background, there are lighter shades of white and golden beige. The extreme dynamism of the works is fundamentally attributed to two recurring elements: the first involves the choice of using light colors for the background, conveying a sense of movement, and the second is the use of guiding lines represented by white lines connecting the various figures to the exterior. The "tessellation" technique used by Franzoi for the execution of the cartoons already clarifies the result of the work. The entire piece was then created using marbles and enamels, with direct processing on a concrete slab through application with cement adhesive.[5]
The completed mosaic is now visible inside the former Civil Hospital of Lido di Venezia in the area of the indoor pool overlooking the beach, on the northeast wall of the complex. The drawings and preparatory cartoons are preserved in Spilimbergo, in the province of Pordenone, at the Gallery and Archive of the Scuola Mosaicisti del Friuli.[5]
The end of the artistic career and death
Composizione, 1988, 40x30cm
From the 1980s onwards, Franzoi's participation in group exhibitions decreased, giving way to several solo exhibitions in 1989, 1998, and 2000.[1]
One of the culminating moments in his artistic journey can be defined by the exhibition and seminar in 1982, in which Franzoi participated. The event was organized in Venice by the Department of History and Criticism of the Arts at Ca' Foscari University, upon the invitation of the renowned art critic Giuseppe Mazzariol. Additionally, he took part in the 1984 exhibition-event at the Bevilacqua La Masa Gallery, titled "Cronaca 1947-1967."[2] He also participated in the exhibition-event of 1984 at the Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa Foundation entitled "Cronaca 1947-1967".[6]
The last decades of his artistic journey were characterized by refined and elegant explorations of the female nude; distinctive signs and colors came together in his artworks to rediscover the human body as a kind of landscape.
Franzoi concluded his career in the early 2000s after over sixty years of artistic activity, participating in his final exhibitions.
Sergio Franzoi passed away in Venice on February 16, 2022, at the age of 92. He is buried in the monumental cemetery of "San Michele" on the island of Venice.[7]
Style
Collisione, 1973
Sergio Franzoi approached painting from an original experience, such as the sight of the sea, fishermen hauling their nets on the beach against the grand reflection of the sun on the waves, the ever-changing and captivating emergence of phenomena against the infinite and dazzling background of light, the uncertain and enticing boundary between the familiar and the unknown. These images are evident in his early works, but soon the captivating and intriguing universe of eros will draw him in.[8]
Still beaches or undetermined places where the orgy of deafening rhythms has not yet invaded, the sickly putrefaction of post-bathing, the uncontrollable avalanche of advertising. Spaces where dreams dance on the trajectories of gazes - unfathomable paths of desire - where unforeseen adventures, sweet unions, penetrations, warm embraces blossom in the soft blending of flesh. Giuseppe Mazzariol once defined them as "intense landscapes of life," stating, "... Nothing else. Sometimes the flower of a mouth emerges, the delicate almond of the eye or sex opens to presence. A great calm rises from these supine traces where white prevails and unifies." In fact, figures and landscapes blur as the imagination ventures into paths destined to be lost in the whirlwind of fantasy, in an inexhaustible succession of encounters and situations.[8] However, one should not think, in Franzoi's case, of an easy narrative painting. He is not, in fact, a quiet naturalistic painter simply intent on reproducing what he sees. He is well aware of the autonomy of painting, acknowledging that art has its own laws, constructions, paths, and that mysterious and wonderful are the connections that link it to the world. Franzoi's approach to the essentially metaphorical language of painting is anything but naive. He not only recognizes its freedoms but also senses the possible wear and tear, the ever-present risk of aphasia, perhaps due to representative virtuosity, redundancy, banal repetitiveness, or excess sensitivity. Not by chance, precisely to avoid such dangers, he self-limits by forcing his innate qualities into deliberately harsh and difficult itineraries.[8]
Composizione, 1995, 30x25cm
A highly gifted painter, in many respects, he approaches the image plastically, as a sculptor, subtly disrupting the very foundations of traditional painting construction. In this way, chiaroscuro is almost eliminated in favor of the imminence and almost physicality of the surface, while the texture of volumes is translated into the challenging complexity of articulated formal hieroglyphs. Meanwhile, color loses its usual permeating property, not spreading across zones but rather concentrating in contrasting and seemingly external streaks, or allusively coagulating along linear contours. The painting thus explicitly lives a dual nature as both a physical and virtual space. To become part of it, the real must pass through the filter of the psyche, imagination, reason, instinct, finding a particular and unique configuration that transforms the phenomenon, things, the world, into an icon.[8] Of course, Franzoi does not undertake such a challenging task without equipping himself with appropriate tools: in his works, memories of the silhouettes of French-language Maremman hippodromes emerge intact here and there, the refined teachings of Braque, dreamy fantasies of Klee, the very elegant enveloping undulations of Modigliani, and perhaps with greater insistence, the more tormented and venomous echoes of the linearisms of Klimt and Schiele.[8]
Composizione, 1999, 70x70cm
However, this is not just a refined repertoire of stylistic juxtapositions, as evidenced by the fact that the very way of composing the painting has undergone radical changes over time. While in his early works, the image appeared "centered," almost dominating space, now it seems to be scattered across the entire surface, probably signifying the loss of every certainty and foundation typical of our era. Yet, as the great Virgilio Guidi wrote, with Franzoi's painting, we are still "... in the regions of man." There is indeed an irrepressible trust of ancient humanistic origin guiding and supporting his struggle against interchangeability and the infinite multiplicities that seem to characterize the chaotic world in which we are immersed. For Franzoi, each painting, each work must distinguish itself by virtue of its form, the result of an irreproducible connection established between existence and totality. Only the rigor of form can allow for some dignity—a word that has become obsolete in everyday vocabulary—understood also as the possibility of comparison and judgment, in a constant moral tension for the better.[8]
Reserved and stern in his gruff and proudly gentle demeanor, Sergio Franzoi, amidst the confused noise of the often incomprehensible systems of contemporaneity, continues to feel the civilized necessity to raise his hymn to love, the universal energy that binds together and causes beings to flourish. He is convinced, like the Phaedrus of Plato's Symposium, that:[15][8]
"[...] In reality, what must guide the entire life of those destined to live beautifully is something that neither kinship, nor honors, nor wealth, nor anything else can instill in us with such beauty, except love. And by this, what do I mean? I mean the shame for low deeds and the aspiration to noble things: without them, neither a city nor an individual can accomplish great and beautiful deeds." - Excerpt from the speech of Phaedrus from the work ' 'Symposium by Plato. Verses 178 [c] and [d].
Exhibition activity
1948 - Venice, 36th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1949 - Venice, National Exhibition of Fine Arts Academies
1949 - Venice, 37th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1950 - Rome, National Exhibition for the Figurative Arts
1950 - Venice, 38th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1950 - Gallarate, National Award for Painting City of Gallarate
1951 - Naples, National Exhibition of Fine Arts Academies
1951 - Venice, Burano Prize Exhibition
1951 - Suzzara, IV Suzzara Prize
1951 - Venice, 39th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1951 - Venice, Del Delta Exhibition
1952 - Venice, Group of 8 Young Painters
1952 - Rome, II Youth Cultural Olympics
1952 - Venice, 40th Bevilacqua La Masa Collective
1952 - Milan, Exhibition of Poetic Reality - Salvetti Gallery
1953 - Venice, Burano Prize Exhibition
1953 - Milan, National Exhibition of Fine Academies
1953 - Venice, 41st Bevilacqua La Masa Collective
1955 - Cesenatico, IV Cesenatico Painting Prize
1955 - Venice, 43rd Bevilacqua La Masa Collective
1955 - Legnago, City of Legnago Painting Prize
1956 - Venice, Burano Prize Exhibition
1956 - Milan, San Fedele Painting Prize
1956 - Venice, 44th Bevilacqua La Masa Collective
1956 - Mirano, City of Mirano Painting Prize
1957 - Suzzara, X Suzzara Prize
1957 - Venice, 45th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1958 - Gorizia, VI International Exhibition of Figurative Arts
1958 - Bergamo, Dalmine Prize
1958 - Venice, 46th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1959 - Pontedera, IX Pontedera Prize - National Exhibition of "Aquarium" Painting
1959 - Venice, 47th Collective Gallery Bevilacqua La Masa
1972 - Venice, Venetian Painters Homage to Diego Valeri
1972 - Venice, Personal Exhibition Mestre Galleria "Acquario"
1973 - Venice, Youth of the 50s - S.Vidal Art Gallery
1974 - Milan, Castello Sforzesco National Exhibition of Figurative Arts
1979 - Asolo, "Carlo Dalla Zorza" Painting Award
1982 - Venice, University of Artistic Discipline Institute
1984 - Venice, Chronicle 1947-1967 Galleria Bevilacqua La Masa
1989 - Venice, Personal Exhibition at the Ferry Gallery
1998 - Venice, Personal Exhibition Hotel Bel Sito
2000 - Venice, Multigraphic Gallery Personal Exhibition
Main awards and recognitions
1950 - First place: City of Gallarate Painting Prize
1951 - First place: Suzzara Prize
1953 - First place: Burano Prize
1956 - First place: Burano Prize
1956 - Third place: prize in the painting section of the 44th collective Fondazione Bevilacqua La Masa
1957 - First place: Suzzara Prize
1960 - Second Place: prize in the painting section of the 48th collective Fondazione Bevilacqua La Masa
1961 - Second Place: prize in the painting section of the 49th collective Fondazione Bevilacqua La Masa
1962 - First place: prize in the painting section of the 50th collective Fondazione Bevilacqua La Masa
Works in collections
"Amanti", oil on canvas, 75 x 100 cm, sec. XX, A0355, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art;[9][10]
"Dopo la catastrofe", oil on canvas, sec. XX, 127 x 151 cm, BA0424, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art;[11]
"Il Clown", oil on canvas, 72 x 72 cm, sec. XX, BA0377, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art;[12][13]
"Paesaggio", oil on canvas, 74 x 89 cm, sec. XX, BA0531, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art;[14][15]
"Paesaggio di Marghera", oil on canvas, 75 x 70 cm, sec. XX, BA0156, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art.[16]
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