| Siege of Multan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Afghan-Sikh Wars | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Nakai Misl |  Durrani Empire | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Contents Heera Singh Sandhu Diwan Singh Chachowalia |  Shuja Khan Sharif Khan Sharif Beg Taklu | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
The siege of Multan was a battle fought between the Sikh forces led by Jhanda Singh Dhillon and the Afghan forces led by Shuja Khan.
After the death of Hari Singh Dhillon, Jhanda Singh Dhillon became the chief of the Bhangi Misl. In 1766, he marched to Multan and fought against Shuja Khan. A treaty was signed with Bhangi chief on one side and Mubarak Khan the Multan governor on the other. [1] [2]
During 1772, a quarrel arose between the successive governors of Multan, Shuja Khan, Sharif Khan and Sharif Beg Taklu. Sharif Beg sought the help of Jhanda Khan, which was given. [3] [4] When the Sikhs arrived, it had already been eighteen days since Multan was besieged.. [5]
After the arrival of Jhanda Singh, he defeated Shuja Khan along with his allies. Multan was divided between Jhanda Singh and Lehra Singh. [6] The Sikh forces had entered the fort and Sharid Beg tried to flee away. The Sikh chiefs allowed him to flee with his family and property to Tulamba. [5] [7]
The Bhangi Misl ruled over Multan for eight years until Timur Shah Durrani recaptured it in siege of Multan (1780).
Dhillon is one of the largest Jat clans found in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. Dhillon sardars (chiefs) ruled the Bhangi Misl in the Sikh confederacy.
Jassa Singh Ramgarhia (1723–1803) was a prominent Sikh leader during the period of the Sikh Confederacy. He was the founder of the Ramgarhia Misl.
Hari Singh Dhillon was an 18th century Sikh warlord and the chief of Bhangi Misl. During the formation of the Dal Khalsa he was acknowledged as leader of Tarna Dal, and made chief of Bhangi Misl following the death of Bhuma Singh Dhillion, who he was an adopted son of, in 1748. Hari Singh made the Bhangi Misl the most powerful of all the Misls. He has been described as a brave, fearless and great warrior. Under Hari Singh the Bhang Misl expanded to Jammu, Lahore, Chiniot, Buria, Jagadhari, Firozpur, Kushab, Majha, Malwa, Sandal Bar and Jhang.
Jhanda Singh Dhillon was a chief of Bhangi Misl. Under his leadership the Dhillon family became the dominant de facto ruling power of Punjab. His father was Hari Singh Dhillon, one of the most powerful Sikh warriors of the time. He also had a warrior brother Ganda Singh Dhillon. Jhanda Singh appointed his younger brother Ganda Singh as the commander in chief of the forces. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia was one of the closest friends of Jhanda Singh.
The KanhaiyaMisl was one of the twelve misls of the Sikh Confederacy. It had been founded by Sandhu Jats.
The Bhangi Misl was a large and powerful Sikh Misl headquartered in Amritsar. It was founded in the early 18th century by Sardar Chhajja Singh Dhillon, who was baptised into the Khalsa tradition by Banda Singh Bahadur. The misl received its name "Bhangi" because Chhajja Singh and his soldiers frequently used the herbal intoxicant bhang. It was a first misl to established a Khalsa Raj and publish Khalsa currency coins. The Bhangi Kingdom/Misl was founded by Dhillon Jats.
Sardar Charat Singh, also romanised as Charhat Singh, was the founder of Sukerchakia Misl, father of Mahan Singh, and the grandfather of Ranjit Singh, the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire. He distinguished himself at an early age in campaigns against Ahmad Shah Abdali and along with 150 horsemen split from the Singhpuria Misl to establish the Sukerchakia Misl, a separate grouping with its distinct guerilla militia.
Jai Singh Kanhaiya (1712–1793) was the founder and, until his death, leader of the Kanhaiya Misl in Punjab. His daughter-in-law, Sada Kaur succeeded him as the misl leader.
The Sikh Rule in Lahore initiated from the conquest and rule of the Sikh Misls and extended till the Sikh Empire of Ranjit Singh which ended in 1849. The Sikhs began gaining power following the decline of the Mughal Empire in Punjab and consisted of a collection of autonomous Punjabi Misls, which were governed by Misldars, mainly in the Punjab region.
The Afghan–Sikh wars spanned from 1748 to 1837 in the Indian subcontinent, and saw multiple phases of fighting between the Durrani Empire and the Sikh Empire, mainly in and around Punjab region. The conflict's origins stemmed from the days of the Dal Khalsa, and continued after the Emirate of Kabul succeeded the Durrani Empire.
Ahmad Shah Durrani, the founder of the Durrani Empire, invaded Indian subcontinent a total of eight times between 1748 and 1767, following the collapse of Mughal Empire in the mid-18th century. His objectives were met through the raids and deepened the political crisis in India.
Ramgarhia Misl was a sovereign state (misl) in the Sikh Confederacy of Punjab region in present-day India and Pakistan. The misl's name is derived from Qila Ramgarh, a place located in Ramsar, near Amritsar, which was fortified and redesigned by Ramgarhia Misl chief Jassa Singh Ramgarhia. The Ramgarhia Misl was one of the twelve major Sikh misls, and held land near Amritsar.
Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya was the eldest son and heir of Jai Singh Kanhaiya, the chief of the Kanhaiya Misl. He was the father of Maharani Mehtab Kaur and thus, the father-in-law of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire.
Shuja Khan was the Durrani governor of Multan between 1767 and 1772.
The Battle of Kasur took place in May 1763, where the Sikh Misls united their forces against the Afghan forces of Kasur. The Sikhs successfully infiltrated Kasur and defeated the Afghan army. The Sikhs would sack the town after the battle with many of its Muslim residents being put to the sword.
The Battle of Bhilowal was fought in October 1710 by the Sikh forces led by Banda Singh Bahadur and the Mughal forces led by Mir Mohammad.
The Pathankot Campaign took place in 1775 near Awankha in pargana Dina Nagar, between a coalition led by the Bhangi Misl under Ganda Singh and the united forces of the Kanhaiyas, Sukarchakias, and Ahluwalias as part of the territorial disputes among the Sikh Misls. The victorious Kanhaiya-led coalition maintained control of Pathankot. The victory weakened the Bhangi Misl’s influence and solidified the Kanhaiya's territorial claims.
The Battle of Jammu was fought in 1774 between Raja Ranjit Deo of Jammu, supported by Jhanda Singh Bhangi of the Bhangi Misl, and Brij Raj Deo, who was allied with Charat Singh Sukerchakia of the Sukerchakia Misl and Jai Singh Kanhaiya of the Kanhaiya Misl. The conflict arose from a succession dispute between Ranjit Deo and his eldest son, Brij Raj Deo. It took place in the Jammu region, part of the northern territories of the Indian subcontinent.
The Dev Dynasty was an important dynasty of Jammu and they ruled for many centuries in Jammu between Chenab and Ravi rivers.
Diwan Singh Chachowalia was a Bhangi Sikh sardar and warlord who was the governor of Multan between 1772 and 1780 on the behalf of his half-brother Jhanda Singh.
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