The history of El Salvador begins with several distinct groups of Mesoamerican people,especially the Pipil,the Lenca and the Maya. In the early 16th century,the Spanish Empire conquered the territory,incorporating it into the Viceroyalty of New Spain ruled from Mexico City. In 1821,El Salvador achieved independence from Spain as part of the First Mexican Empire,only to further secede as part of the Federal Republic of Central America two years later. Upon the republic's independence in 1841,El Salvador became a sovereign state until forming a short-lived union with Honduras and Nicaragua called the Greater Republic of Central America,which lasted from 1895 to 1898.
The Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front is a Salvadoran political party and former guerrilla rebel group.
The Nationalist Republican Alliance is a conservative,center-right to right-wing political party of El Salvador. It was founded on 30 September 1981 by retired Salvadoran Army Major Roberto D'Aubuisson. It defines itself as a political institution constituted to defend the democratic,republican,and representative system of government,the social market economy system and nationalism.
Schafik Jorge Hándal Hándal was a Salvadoran politician.
Roberto D'Aubuisson Arrieta was a Salvadoran military officer,neo-fascist politician,and death squad leader. In 1981,he co-founded and became the first leader of the far-right Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) and served as president of the Legislative Assembly from 1982 to 1983. He was a presidential candidate for 1984 presidential election,losing in the second round to JoséNapoleón Duarte,the former president of the Revolutionary Government Junta.
The government of El Salvador is a presidential representative democratic republic.
The National Coalition Party is a nationalist political party in El Salvador. Until 2011 it was known as the National Conciliation Party. It was the most powerful political party in the country during the 1960s and 1970s,and was closely associated with the Salvadoran military. Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo,a candidate of the National Conciliation Party,was elected president in 1962,and the next three presidents were also from the party. After the 1979 coup the party declined in influence but continued to exist.
The Christian Democratic Party is a Salvadoran political party. From 2011 to 2012,the party was renamed to Party of Hope before reverting to the Christian Democratic Party. The PDC has been led by Reinaldo Carballo since 2023.
Legislative elections were held in El Salvador on 16 March 2003 to elect 84 deputies to the Legislative Assembly for a term of three years. The main opposition party,the Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front (FMLN),won the most seats in election at 31. However the governing Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) won enough seats to continue in government with the Party of National Conciliation (PCN).
Salvador Sánchez Cerén,also known by his nom de guerre Leonel González,is a Salvadoran politician who served as the 80th President of El Salvador from 2014 to 2019. He took office on 1 June 2014,after winning the 2014 presidential election as the candidate of the left-wing Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front (FMLN). He previously served as the 41st Vice President under President Mauricio Funes from 2009 to 2014. He was also a guerrilla leader in the Civil War and is the first and only ex-rebel to serve as that country's president.
The current constitution of El Salvador was enacted in 1983 and amended in 2003. The 1983 constitution of El Salvador is similar to that of 1962,often incorporating verbatim passages from the earlier document. The constitution consists of 11 titles,subdivided into 274 articles.
Presidential elections were held in El Salvador on 3 February 2019,with Salvadorans electing the president and vice president for a five-year term from 2019 to 2024.
Legislative elections were held in El Salvador on 18 February 2021. Salvadorans elected all 84 deputies of the Legislative Assembly,all 262 mayors of municipal councils of the country's municipalities,and all 20 of El Salvador's deputies to the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN).
Nuevas Ideas is the ruling political party of El Salvador. The party was founded on 25 October 2017 by Nayib Bukele,the then-mayor of San Salvador,and was registered by the Supreme Electoral Court on 21 August 2018. The party's current president is Xavier Zablah Bukele,a cousin of Bukele who has served since March 2020.
Irma Segunda Amaya Echeverría is a Salvadoran feminist,human rights activist,former guerrilla fighter,and politician. She was a member of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador and the first Salvadoran female President of the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN) for the term 2018–2019.
Norma Cristina Cornejo Amaya is a Salvadoran lawyer,feminist,and politician of the Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front (FMLN).
The 2020 Salvadoran political crisis,commonly referred to in El Salvador as the numeronym 9F or El Bukelazo,was an incident in El Salvador on 9 February 2020. During the political crisis,Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele sent 40 soldiers of the Salvadoran Army into the Legislative Assembly building in an effort to coerce politicians to approve a loan request of 109 million dollars from the United States for Bukele's security plan for the country.
Nuestro Tiempo is a Salvadoran political party. The party was founded in 2019 and it is currently led by Andy Failer.
General elections were held in El Salvador in February and March 2024. In the first round on 4 February,voters elected the president,vice president,and all 60 deputies of the Legislative Assembly. In the second round on 3 March,voters elected mayors and municipal councils for all 44 of the country's municipalities and all 20 of El Salvador's deputies to the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN).
Juan Manuel de Jesús Flores Cornejo,nicknamed "El Chino",is a Salvadoran politician who has served as the secretary-general of the Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front (FMLN) since 2024. Flores served as the mayor of Quezaltepeque from 2003 to 2012 and then later as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly from La Libertad from 2012 to 2021. He was the presidential candidate for the FMLN in the 2024 general election with running mate was Werner Marroquín. He lost in a landslide to incumbent President Nayib Bukele,accumulating only 6.40 percent of the vote. Flores supports El Salvador further strengthening relations with the People's Republic of China.
