Sleep (Whitacre)

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Sleep is a composition for a cappella choir by Eric Whitacre, with lyrics by Charles Anthony Silvestri. He composed it in 2000, setting a poem, "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost. When the lyrics were found still under copyright, Whitacre enlisted Silvestri to write new lyrics to the existing music.

Contents

History

In 1999, [1] attorney and professional vocalist Julia Armstrong commissioned Whitacre to compose a choral composition as a memorial to her parents. [2] [3] She suggested the poem "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" that Robert Frost had published [2] in 1923, and wanted the work to be premiered by the 16-voice choral ensemble Austin ProChorus in Austin, Texas, being a member of the group. [3] Whitacre set the composition for eight parts (SSAATTBB), [1] and it was premiered by the choir [4] in October 2000. [1]

After the work was performed also by The Concordia Choir, conducted by René Clausen, and at the 2001 national convention of the American Choral Directors Association, [1] Whitacre learned that the Frost poem was still under U.S. copyright, and he could not publish the work before the copyright expired, [2] without the consent of the Frost literary estate, which refused to grant permission. [3] Rather than giving up publishing the work, Whitacre asked poet and frequent collaborator Charles Anthony Silvestri (b. 1965) to write a new text which would correspond to the meter of the Frost poem and to the expressive details Whitacre had emphasized in the music. [3] The next day Silvestri offered the poem "Sleep", taking up the theme of sleep from the last stanza of Frost's poem. [1] [2] Whitacre has stated that he prefers the Silvestri text over the original. [2]

Whitacre selected the piece for his "virtual choir" project in 2010, in which videos submitted by hundreds of volunteer singers were combined to produce a video representation of a combined performance. [1]

Whitacre originally believed the Frost poem's copyright would not expire until 2038; [2] [3] it in fact expired on 1 January 2019. [1] Whitacre has stated that he does not plan to release the work with the original text. [1]

Performances, recordings and arrangements

The work appears on Whitacre's 2010 album Light and Gold, his first album for Decca and the first he conducted himself, performed by a group called the Whitacre Singers. [5] Sleep was also recorded in collaboration with Whitacre in 2001 by the BYU Singers and was included in a 2005 collection of choral works by Whitacre performed by Polyphony and conducted by Stephen Layton. [6] [7] [8]

Sleep has also been arranged for concert band [9] [10] and string orchestra.


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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Whitacre, Eric. "Sleep" . Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 L.O. (June 24, 2011). "The Q&A: Eric Whitacre, composer (interview)". The Economist . Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Burns, Alex (April 19, 2002). "Eric Whitacre: Sleep". classicalexburns.com. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
  4. ↑ Faires, Robert (April 19, 2002). "Articulations". The Austin Chronicle . Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  5. ↑ "The Q&A: Eric Whitacre, composer (interview)". broadwayworld.com. June 24, 2011. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
  6. ↑ "Eric Whitacre Choral Works, Vol. 1: A Cappella Works, 1991-2001 [CD] - BYU Singers". BYU Music Store. Retrieved 2023-11-20.
  7. ↑ Quinn, John (March 2006). "Sleep by Eric Whitacre". musicweb-international.com. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
  8. ↑ Seymour, Claire (May 17, 2019). "Is there Genuine Substance Behind the 'Eric Whitacre Inc.' Phenomenon?". seenandheard-international.com. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
  9. ↑ Milne, Christopher John (2017). "Recreation and Redefinition: An examination of the transcription and evolution of a cappella choral works transcribed for Wind Band" (PDF). api.research-repository.uwa.edu.au (Thesis). Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  10. ↑ Pease, Andy (November 24, 2010). "Sleep by Eric Whitacre". windliterature.org. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
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