Smith Memorial Arch

Last updated
Smith Memorial Arch, West Fairmount Park, Philadelphia (1898-1912). Looking north, through south archway. Smith Memorial Looking Thru South Arch (cropped).jpg
Smith Memorial Arch, West Fairmount Park, Philadelphia (1898-1912). Looking north, through south archway.
Overall view. Smith Memorial Arch West Fairmount Park Philadelphia (cropped).jpg
Overall view.
Unfinished Smith Memorial Arch (circa 1905), with Memorial Hall in the background. Unfinished Smith Memorial Arch circa 1905 LOC 4a12601v.jpg
Unfinished Smith Memorial Arch (circa 1905), with Memorial Hall in the background.

Smith Memorial Arch is an American Civil War monument at South Concourse and Lansdowne Drive in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Built on the former grounds of the 1876 Centennial Exposition, it serves as a gateway to West Fairmount Park. The Memorial consists of two colossal columns supported by curving, neo-Baroque arches, and adorned with 13 individual portrait sculptures (two equestrians, three figures, and eight busts); two eagles standing on globes; and architectural reliefs of eight allegorical figures.

Contents

History

In 1891, Richard Smith (1821-1894), a wealthy Philadelphia electroplate and type founder, wrote a will that provided $500,000 ($16.3 million today [1] ) for a memorial arch to be adorned with portraits of Pennsylvania's Civil War military and naval heroes. Smith deposited the model and designs for the memorial with the Fidelity Insurance Trust and Safe Deposit Company and stipulated that: Fidelity president John B. Gest handle his request, that the architectural designs and construction be handled by Philadelphia architect James H. Windrim, and that the selection and supervision of sculptors for the specified portraits should be handled by the Fairmount Park Art Association (now the Association for Public Art).

These provisions of the will went into effect upon the death of Smith's wife in 1895. Two years later, the Fairmount Park Art Association began to select the sculptors. The initial commissions were awarded on May 8, 1898, and the final sculpture was installed in 1912. [2]

The estate of Richard and Sarah Smith also funded the creation of Smith Memorial Playground & Playhouse, in East Fairmount Park.

Sculpture

Statues

Statue of Richard Smith, donor of the memorial Smith arch Smith.jpg
Statue of Richard Smith, donor of the memorial
John B. Gest, executor of Smith's estate Smith arch John B Gest.jpg
John B. Gest, executor of Smith's estate
James Windrim, architect Windrim Smith Arch Philly.JPG
James Windrim, architect
Eagle by John Massey Rhind Smith arch eagle.jpg
Eagle by John Massey Rhind

Equestrian statues

Busts

Other sculpture

THIS
MONUMENTAL MEMORIAL
PRESENTED BY
RICHARD SMITH
TYPE FOUNDER
OF PHILADELPHIA
IN MEMORY OF
PENNSYLVANIANS WHO
TOOK PART IN THE CIVIL WAR
THEIR STRIFE WAS NOT FOR
AGGRANDIZEMENT AND WHEN
CONFLICT CEASED THE NORTH
WITH THE SOUTH UNITED AGAIN
TO ENJOY THE COMMON HERITAGE
LEFT BY THE FATHERS OF OUR
COUNTRY RESOLVING THAT
THEREAFTER ALL OUR PEOPLE
SHOULD DWELL TOGETHER

IN UNITY. [18]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Hodges Baily</span> English sculptor (1788–1867)

Edward Hodges Baily was a prolific British sculptor responsible for numerous public monuments, portrait busts, statues and exhibition pieces as well as works in silver. He carved friezes for both the Marble Arch and Buckingham Palace in London. His numerous statues of public figures include that of Horatio Nelson on top of Nelson's Column and Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey on Grey's Monument in Newcastle upon Tyne. Throughout his career Baily was responsible for creating a number of monuments and memorials for British churches and cathedrals, including several in St Paul's Cathedral.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Clark Potter</span> American sculptor

Edward Clark Potter was an American sculptor best known for his equestrian and animal statues. His most famous works are the marble lions, nicknamed Patience and Fortitude, in front of the New York Public Library Main Branch

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Rush (sculptor)</span> American sculptor

William Rush was a U.S. neoclassical sculptor from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is considered the first major American sculptor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Stirling Calder</span> American artist (1870–1945)

Alexander Stirling Calder was an American sculptor and teacher. He was the son of sculptor Alexander Milne Calder and the father of sculptor Alexander (Sandy) Calder. His best-known works are George Washington as President on the Washington Square Arch in New York City, the Swann Memorial Fountain in Philadelphia, and the Leif Eriksson Memorial in Reykjavík, Iceland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Milne Calder</span> American sculptor (1846–1923)

Alexander Milne Calder (MILL-nee) was a Scottish American sculptor best known for the architectural sculpture of Philadelphia City Hall. Both his son, Alexander Stirling Calder, and grandson, Sandy Calder, became significant sculptors in the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Grafly</span> American sculptor

Charles Allan Grafly, Jr. was an American sculptor, and teacher. Instructor of Sculpture at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts for 37 years, his students included Paul Manship, Albin Polasek, and Walker Hancock.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Quincy Adams Ward</span> American sculptor (1830–1910)

John Quincy Adams Ward was an American sculptor, whose most familiar work is his larger than life-size standing statue of George Washington on the steps of Federal Hall National Memorial in New York City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Edwin Bissell</span> American sculptor

George Edwin Bissell was an American sculptor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">J. Massey Rhind</span> Scottish-American sculptor

John Massey Rhind was a Scottish-American sculptor. Among Rhind's better known works is the marble statue of Dr. Crawford W. Long located in the National Statuary Hall Collection in Washington D.C. (1926).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph A. Bailly</span> American sculptor

Joseph Alexis Bailly was an American sculptor who spent most of his career in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He taught briefly at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, which has a collection of his sculpture. His most famous work is the statue of George Washington in front of Independence Hall.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James H. Windrim</span> American architect

James Hamilton Windrim was a Philadelphia architect who specialized in public buildings, including the Masonic Temple in Philadelphia and the U.S. Treasury. A number the buildings he designed are on the National Historic Landmarks and/or the National Register of Historic Places, including the Masonic Temple in Philadelphia and the National Savings and Trust Company building in Washington, DC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samuel Murray (sculptor)</span> American sculptor and educator (1869–1941)

Samuel Aloysius Murray was an American sculptor, educator, and protégé of the painter Thomas Eakins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Rhind (sculptor)</span> Scottish sculptor (1828–1892)

John RhindARSA (1828–1892) was a Scottish sculptor, based in Edinburgh. He was born in Banff the son of a master mason. He was trained under Alexander Handyside Ritchie (1804–1870). He served this apprenticeship in a yard at 4 East Broughton Place.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">J. Otto Schweizer</span> American sculptor (1863–1955)

Jakob Otto Schweizer was a Swiss-American sculptor noted for his work on war memorials.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Equestrian statue of Ulysses S. Grant</span> Statue in Philadelphia, PA, USA

The equestrian statue of Ulysses S. Grant is a public monument in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Located in Fairmount Park, the monument honors Ulysses S. Grant, who served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War and later as President of the United States. The monument was designed by Daniel Chester French and Edward Clark Potter and consists of an equestrian statue atop a pedestal. The statue was dedicated in 1899.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Equestrian statue of George Meade (Philadelphia)</span> Statue of George Meade in Philadelphia, PA, USA

Major General George Gordon Meade is an equestrian statue that stands in Philadelphia's Fairmount Park. The statue, which was unveiled in 1887, was designed by sculptor Alexander Milne Calder and honors George Meade, who had served as an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War and was later a commissioner for the park. The statue is one of two statues of Meade at Fairmount, with the other one being a part of the Smith Memorial Arch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John B. Gest</span> American banker and lawyer (1823–1907)

John Barnard Gest was a banker and lawyer in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Equestrian statue of George Washington (Newark)</span> Statue by J. Massey Rhind in Newark, New Jersey

George Washington is an outdoor equestrian statue by the Scottish-American sculptor J. Massey Rhind located in Washington Park in Newark, New Jersey. It depicts General George Washington saying farewell to the troops of the Continental Army on November 2, 1783, and was dedicated on the anniversary of that event in 1912.

References

39°58′39″N75°12′24″W / 39.97750°N 75.20667°W / 39.97750; -75.20667

  1. 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–" . Retrieved May 28, 2023.
  2. "The Smith Memorial: James H. Windrim, Esq., (sculpture)". siris-artinventories.si.edu. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  3. Meade statue from Flickr.
  4. Reynolds statue from Philadelphia Public Art.
  5. Smith statue from Philadelphia Public Art.
  6. McClellan equestrian statue from Philadelphia Public Art.
  7. Hancock equestrian statue from Philadelphia Public Art.
  8. For the eight portrait busts, the Fairmount Park Art Association decided that a uniform base was needed. The base designed by Alexander Stirling Calder for his bust of General Hartranft was chosen as the standard for all of the busts on the arch. Source: SIRIS.
  9. Hartranft bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  10. Crawford bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  11. Beaver bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  12. Katherine M. Cohen from AskArt.
  13. Porter bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  14. Dahlgren bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  15. Curtin bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  16. Windrim bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  17. Gest bust from Philadelphia Public Art.
  18. Inscription from Flickr.

Sources