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Solomon Bregman | |
---|---|
Personal | |
Born | Solomon Bregman 1895 Zlynka, Russian Empire |
Died | 23 January 1953 Soviet Union |
Religion | Judaism |
Nationality | Soviet Russian |
Denomination | Jewish |
Other | writer and researcher |
Solomon Bregman (in Russian, Соломон Брегман) (1895, Zlynka – 1953) was a prominent member of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee formed in the Soviet Union in April 1942. The committee was led by the famous Yiddish actor Solomon Mikhoels.
Bregman was born in the town of Zlynka in the Chernigov Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Bryansk Oblast of Russia). Bregman had been a deputy minister of State Control and an active party member since 1912, when he was also appointed a Deputy Commissar of Foreign Affairs. He was editor-in-chief of The Book About Jews-Heroes of the War against Fascism . He also participated in collecting materials for Black Book, a publication detailing the extermination of the Jews of the Soviet Union by the Germans and their collaborators during World War II. He joined JAC in 1944 when he was also recruited as an informant of the secret service MGB.
When I did go to the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, I discovered abnormalities there. I knew a bit of Yiddish, but I couldn't read the language well. I started reading Eynikayt with difficulty and saw how sessions were held at the committee, and I saw that from an organizational and political standpoint there was chaos there. the village councils operated back in 1919, when I often ran into this kind of thing.
He was arrested together with other members of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee in 1948. Having never admitted his guilt, "I had no involvement in the Crimea question and could not have had any involvement at presidium sessions," he declared to the trial judge. [2]
He died in jail of heart disease on January 23, 1953. After surviving severe beatings he had fallen into a deep coma on 16 June, in which state he remained when the death sentence was passed on all of his comrades. Among their number only Lina Stern was spared.
Solomon (Shloyme) Mikhoels was a Latvian born Soviet Jewish actor and the artistic director of the Moscow State Jewish Theater. Mikhoels served as the chairman of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee during World War II. However, as Joseph Stalin pursued an increasingly anti-Jewish line after the War, Mikhoels's position as a leader of the Jewish community led to increasing persecution from the Soviet state. He was assassinated in Minsk in 1948 by order of Stalin.
The "doctors' plot" affair was an alleged conspiracy of prominent Soviet medical specialists to murder leading government and party officials. It was also known as the case of saboteur doctors or killer doctors. In 1951–1953, a group of predominantly Jewish doctors from Moscow were accused of a conspiracy to assassinate Soviet leaders. This was later accompanied by publications of antisemitic character in the media, which talked about the threats of Zionism and condemned people with Jewish surnames. Following this, many doctors, both Jews and non-Jews, were dismissed from their jobs, arrested, and tortured to produce admissions. A few weeks after the death of Stalin in 1953, the new Soviet leadership said there was a lack of evidence regarding the doctors' plot and the case was dropped. Soon after, the case was declared to have been a fabrication.
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