South Dublin (UK Parliament constituency)

South Dublin
Former county constituency for the House of Commons
1885–1922
Seats	1
Created from	County Dublin
Replaced by	Dublin County

South Dublin, a division of County Dublin, was a county constituency in Ireland from 1885 to 1922. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, using the first past the post voting system.

Prior to the 1885 general election the area was part of the County Dublin constituency. From 1918 to 1921, it was also used as a constituency for Dáil Éireann. From the dissolution of 1922, shortly before the establishment of the Irish Free State, the area was not represented in the UK Parliament.

Boundaries

From 1885 to 1918, South Dublin was defined as: ^[1]

The barony of Dublin,

that part of the barony of Rathdown (except so much as is comprised in the constituency of North Dublin),

and so much of the parishes of Donnybrook, St. Catherine's and St. Peter's, and the townland of Cherry Orchard, in the parish of St. Nicholas Without, as is comprised in the barony of Uppercross.

This constituency comprised the south-eastern part of County Dublin, as a strip along the coast south of the city of Dublin to the county boundary. The constituency was bounded by the city of Dublin to the north, North Dublin to the west, East Wicklow to the south and the sea to the east. It included Dalkey, Kingstown, Blackrock, Stillorgan, Glencullen.

From 1918 to 1922, South Dublin was defined as: ^[2]

the part of the rural district of Rathdown No. 1 which is not contained in the Pembroke Division and the urban districts of Blackrock, Dalkey, Killiney and Ballybrack, and Kingstown.

History

Prior to the 1885 general election, the county was the undivided two-member County Dublin constituency. Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the county was divided into two single-member divisions of North Dublin and South Dublin. Under the Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918, the parliamentary representation of the administrative county was increased from two to four divisions. South Dublin was extended to the west, with the creation of two new divisions of Pembroke and Rathmines. ^[3]

At the general elections of 1885 and 1886, the Irish Parliamentary Party candidate gained a majority of the votes cast. At the general elections of 1892, 1895, 1900, 1906 and January 1910, Unionist candidates gained a majority of the votes cast, although in 1900 the Unionist vote was split and the Irish Parliamentary Party candidate was elected. In January 1910, the Unionist majority fell to 66, and in December 1910, the Irish Parliamentary Party candidate was returned with a majority of 133. 'The unionists had held on to the ... seat with the help of loyal upper and middle-class Catholics. When the seat eventually fell to the nationalists in the second election of 1910 the successful candidate was William Cotton, a leading figure in the business community whose patriotism was broad enough to allow him to support motions for loyal addresses to the monarch at Dublin Corporation meetings ... many nationalists were suspicious of Cotton's conservative views' ^[4] At a by-election in July 1917, the Irish Parliamentary Party candidate was returned unopposed. Following a redrawing of boundaries, the seat was won by the Sinn Féin candidate at the general election of 1918.

At the 1918 general election, Sinn Féin issued an election manifesto in which it called for a "establishment of a constituent assembly comprising persons chosen by Irish constituencies". After the election, Sinn Féin invited all those elected for Irish constituencies to sit as members of Dáil Éireann, termed Teachta Dála (or TD, known in English as a Deputy). In practice, only those elected for Sinn Féin attended. This included George Gavan Duffy, elected for South Dublin.

Under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, the area was combined with the North Dublin, Pembroke and Rathmines Divisions to form Dublin County, a 6-seat constituency for the Southern Ireland House of Commons and a two-seat constituency at Westminster. ^[5] Sinn Féin treated the 1921 election for the Southern Ireland House of Commons as part of the election to the Second Dáil. ^[6] The six seats were won uncontested by Sinn Féin. Gavan Duffy was one of the six TDs for Dublin County.

Under s. 1(4) of the Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922, no writ was to be issued "for a constituency in Ireland other than a constituency in Northern Ireland". ^[7] Therefore, no vote was held in County Dublin at the 1922 United Kingdom general election on 15 November 1922, shortly before the Irish Free State left the United Kingdom on 6 December 1922.

Members of Parliament

Election	Member [8]	Party
1885	Sir Thomas Henry Grattan Esmonde		Irish Parliamentary
1891			Irish National Federation (Anti-Parnellite)
1892	Horace Plunkett		Irish Unionist
1900	John Joseph Mooney		Irish Parliamentary
1906	Walter Hume Long		Irish Unionist
Jan. 1910	Bryan Cooper		Irish Unionist
Dec. 1910	William Francis Cotton		Irish Parliamentary
1917 by-election	Michael Louis Hearn		Irish Parliamentary
1918	George Gavan Duffy		Sinn Féin
1922	constituency abolished

Elections

Elections in the 1910s

1918 general election: South Dublin ^{[9] [10]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Sinn Féin	George Gavan Duffy	5,133	38.56	New
	Irish Unionist	Sir Thomas Robinson	4,354	32.72	16.64
	Irish Parliamentary	Thomas Clarke	3,819	28.70	21.94
Majority			779	5.84	N/A
Turnout			13,306	74.63
	Sinn Féin gain from Irish Parliamentary		Swing	N/A

• Death of Cotton

By-Election 6 July 1917: South Dublin

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Parliamentary	Michael Louis Hearn	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Irish Parliamentary hold		Swing	N/A

December 1910 general election: South Dublin ^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Parliamentary	William Francis Cotton	5,223	50.64	0.97
	Irish Unionist	Bryan Cooper	5,090	49.36	0.97
Majority			133	1.28	N/A
Turnout			10,313
	Irish Parliamentary gain from Irish Unionist		Swing	0.64

January 1910 general election: South Dublin ^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Unionist	Bryan Cooper	5,072	50.33	6.97
	Irish Parliamentary	William Francis Cotton	5,006	49.67	6.97
Majority			66	0.66	14.60
Turnout			10,078
	Irish Unionist hold		Swing	6.97

Elections in the 1900s

1906 general election: South Dublin ^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Unionist	Walter H. Long	5,269	57.30	20.30
	Irish Parliamentary	Richard Hazleton	3,926	42.70	0.71
Majority			1,343	14.60	N/A
Turnout			9,195	87.16	14.17
Registered electors			10,549
	Irish Unionist gain from Irish Parliamentary		Swing	20.30

1900 general election: South Dublin ^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Parliamentary	John Joseph Mooney	3,410	43.41	5.74 [12]
	Irish Unionist	Horace Plunkett	2,906	37.00	25.33
	Ind. Unionist	F. Elrington Ball	1,539	19.59	New
Majority			504	6.42	N/A
Turnout			7,855	72.99	1.18
Registered electors			10,762
	Irish Parliamentary gain from Irish Unionist		Swing	5.74 [12]

Elections in the 1890s

1895 general election: South Dublin ^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Unionist	Horace Plunkett	4,901	62.33	8.26
	Parnellite Nationalist	Edmund Haviland-Burke	2,962	37.67	9.70
Majority			1,939	24.66	1.44
Turnout			7,863	71.81	6.01
Registered electors			10,949
	Irish Unionist hold		Swing	8.26

1892 general election: South Dublin ^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Unionist	Horace Plunkett	4,371	54.07	14.76
	Parnellite Nationalist	Dr St. Lawrence Ffrench-Mullen	2,261	27.97	New
	Irish National Federation	Sir Thomas Henry Grattan Esmonde	1,452	17.96	42.73
Majority			2,110	26.10	N/A
Turnout			8,084	77.82	4.68
Registered electors			10,388
	Irish Unionist gain from Irish Parliamentary		Swing	13.99

Elections in the 1880s

1886 general election: South Dublin ^{[13] [11]} (Population 72,636)

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Parliamentary	Sir Thomas Henry Grattan Esmonde	5,022	60.69	2.90
	Liberal Unionist	Joseph Todhunter Pim	3,254	39.31	2.90
Majority			1,768	21.36	5.78
Turnout			8,276	73.14	5.07
Registered electors			11,314
	Irish Parliamentary hold		Swing	2.90

1885 general election: South Dublin ^{[13] [11]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Irish Parliamentary	Sir Thomas Henry Grattan Esmonde	5,114	57.79
	Irish Conservative	Ion. T. Hamilton	3,736	42.21
Majority			1,378	15.58
Turnout			8,850	78.21
Registered electors			11,314
	Irish Parliamentary win (new seat)

References

1. "Representation of the People Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict., c. 23)". Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. p. 188.
2. "Report of the Boundary Commission (Ireland)". Enhanced British Parliamentary Papers on Ireland. DIPPAM: Documenting Ireland, Parliament, People and Migration. p. 17. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
3. "Redistribution of seats (Ireland) Act 1918 (7 & 8 Geo. 5, c. 65)" . Retrieved 1 October 2022.
4. Yeates, Pádraig (9 September 2011). A City in Wartime – Dublin 1914–1918: The Easter Rising 1916. ISBN   9780717151912.
5. "Government of Ireland Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5, c. 67): Fifth Schedule". legislation.gov.uk . The National Archives. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
6. "PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT. - ELECTIONS – Dáil Éireann (1st Dáil) – Vol. F No. 21". Houses of the Oireachtas. 10 May 1921. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
7. "Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922 (12 & 13 Geo. 5, c. 4)". Historical Documents. Archived from the original on 15 March 2012.
8. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "D" (part 3)
9. "The Irish General Election of 1918". www.ark.ac.uk.
10. General Election: 14 December 1918 – Dublin South, ElectionsIreland.org
11. Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801–1922, pages 348–9, edited by B.M. Walker (Royal Irish Academy 1978)
12. compared to percentage of vote gained by Parnellite Nationalist in previous election
13. "Parliamentary and Electoral Statistics. — Alphabetical List of Places Represented | NZETC". nzetc.victoria.ac.nz.

External links

• Dáil Éireann Members Database Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas
• Dublin Historic Maps: Parliamentary & Dail Constituencies 1780–1969 (a work in progress)