Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918

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Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918
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Long title An Act to provide for the Redistribution of Seats at Parliamentary Elections in Ireland and for purposes connected therewith.
Citation 7 & 8 Geo. 5. c. 65
Dates
Royal assent 6 February 1918
Status: Repealed
Text of statute as originally enacted

The Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918 (7 & 8 Geo. 5. c. 65) was an Act passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom which redistributed the parliamentary constituencies in Ireland for the House of Commons. It was enacted on the same day as the Representation of the People Act 1918 which extended the franchise throughout the United Kingdom.

Contents

This Act replaced the distribution of seats which had been enacted by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 [1] and had been in use since the general election of that year. The number of seats was increased from 103 to 105 (and the number of constituencies increased from 101 to 103) with the enfranchisement of two additional universities. The revision was based on a report of a Boundary Commission carried out in 1917 taking population changes in the 1911 census into account. It also followed administrative county boundaries, which in some cases had been altered under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 (or in the case of Dublin, shortly after). [2]

The new constituencies came into effect at the 1918 general election. Sinn Féin had adopted an abstentionist policy since its foundation, and none of its MPs elected in by-elections prior to this election had taken their seats. In its election manifesto, it called for the establishment of an assembly "comprising persons chosen by Irish constituencies as the supreme national authority to speak and act in the name of the Irish people", which would become the revolutionary Dáil Éireann. The First Dáil met in January 1919 and made a Declaration of Independence of the Irish Republic.

The constituencies in the 1918 Act were superseded by those in the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which created separate home rule parliaments for Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland and reduced the Irish seats at Westminster from 105 to 46. [3] The seats designated in the 1920 Act for the Southern Ireland House of Commons and the Northern Ireland House of Commons were used as the 1921 election to the Second Dáil. Under the Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922, which gave the force of law to the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the seats designated for Westminster in the 1920 Act would only apply in the six counties of Northern Ireland, taking effect at the 1922 general election. [4] The remaining twenty-six Irish counties became the Irish Free State on 6 December 1922, ceasing to be part of the United Kingdom.

Redistributed seats

Antrim

Representation increased from 8 to 13 MPs
‡ The parliamentary borough of Belfast was partly in County Down

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Belfast, East (1 MP)Boundaries extended to include entire county borough.
Divided into nine single-member divisions.
Belfast, Cromac (1 MP)
Belfast, Duncairn (1 MP)
Belfast, North (1 MP) Belfast, Falls (1 MP)
Belfast, Ormeau (1 MP)
Belfast, Pottinger (1 MP)
Belfast, South (1 MP) Belfast, St. Anne's (1 MP)
Belfast, Shankill (1 MP)
Belfast, West (1 MP) Belfast, Victoria (1 MP)
Belfast, Woodvale (1 MP)
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Antrim, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Antrim, East (1 MP)
Antrim, Mid (1 MP) Antrim, Mid (1 MP)
Antrim, North (1 MP) Antrim, North (1 MP)
Antrim, South (1 MP) Antrim, South (1 MP)

Armagh

Representation unchanged (3 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Armagh, Mid (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Armagh, Mid (1 MP)
Armagh, North (1 MP) Armagh, North (1 MP)
Armagh, South (1 MP) Armagh, South (1 MP)

Carlow

Representation unchanged (1 MP)

County Division
1885 ActChange1918 Act
County Carlow (1 MP)No change. County Carlow (1 MP)

Cavan

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Cavan, East (1 MP)No change. Cavan, East (1 MP)
Cavan, West (1 MP) Cavan, West (1 MP)

Clare

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Clare, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Clare, East (1 MP)
Clare, West (1 MP) Clare, West (1 MP)

Cork

Representation unchanged (9 MPs)

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Cork City (2 MPs)No change Cork City (2 MPs)
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Cork, East (1 MP)No change. Cork, East (1 MP)
Cork, Mid (1 MP) Cork, Mid (1 MP)
Cork, North (1 MP) Cork, North (1 MP)
Cork, North East (1 MP) Cork, North East (1 MP)
Cork, South (1 MP) Cork, South (1 MP)
Cork, South East (1 MP) Cork, South East (1 MP)
Cork, West (1 MP) Cork, West (1 MP)

Donegal

Representation unchanged (4 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Donegal, East (1 MP)No change. Donegal, East (1 MP)
Donegal, North (1 MP) Donegal, North (1 MP)
Donegal, South (1 MP) Donegal, South (1 MP)
Donegal, West (1 MP) Donegal, West (1 MP)

Down

Representation unchanged (5 MPs)
‡ The parliamentary borough of Newry was partly in County Armagh

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Newry (1 MP)Abolished.
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Down, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county.
The parliamentary borough of Newry was absorbed into South Down.
Divided into five single-member divisions.
Down, East (1 MP)
Down, North (1 MP) Down, Mid (1 MP)
Down, North (1 MP)
Down, South (1 MP) Down, South (1 MP)
Down, West (1 MP) Down, West (1 MP)

Dublin

Representation increased from 6 to 11 MPs

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
County Dublin, North (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county.
Divided into four single-member divisions.
County Dublin, North (1 MP)
County Dublin, Pembroke (1 MP)
County Dublin, South (1 MP) County Dublin, Rathmines (1 MP)
County Dublin, South (1 MP)
Boroughs
Before 1885ChangeAfter 1885
Dublin, College Green (1 MP)Boundaries extended to include entire county borough.
Divided into seven single-member divisions.
Dublin, Clontarf (1 MP)
Dublin, College Green (1 MP)
Dublin, Dublin Harbour (1 MP) Dublin, Dublin Harbour (1 MP)
Dublin, St James's (1 MP)
Dublin, St Patrick's (1 MP) Dublin, St Michan's (1 MP)
Dublin, St Patrick's (1 MP)
Dublin, St Stephen's Green (1 MP) Dublin, St Stephen's Green (1 MP)

Fermanagh

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Fermanagh, North (1 MP)No change. Fermanagh, North (1 MP)
Fermanagh, South (1 MP) Fermanagh, South (1 MP)

Galway

Representation reduced from 5 to 4 MPs

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Galway Borough (1 MP)Abolished.
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Galway, Connemara (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county.
The parliamentary borough of Galway was absorbed into Galway Connemara.
Divided into four single-member divisions.
Galway, Connemara (1 MP)
Galway, East (1 MP) Galway, East (1 MP)
Galway, North (1 MP) Galway, North (1 MP)
Galway, South (1 MP) Galway, South (1 MP)

Kerry

Representation unchanged (4 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Kerry, East (1 MP)No change. Kerry, East (1 MP)
Kerry, North (1 MP) Kerry, North (1 MP)
Kerry, South (1 MP) Kerry, South (1 MP)
Kerry, West (1 MP) Kerry, West (1 MP)

Kildare

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Kildare, North (1 MP)No change. Kildare, North (1 MP)
Kildare, South (1 MP) Kildare, South (1 MP)

Kilkenny

Representation reduced from 3 to 2 MPs

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Kilkenny City (1 MP)Abolished.
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Kilkenny, North (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county.
The parliamentary borough of Kilkenny was absorbed into North Kilkenny.
Divided into two single-member divisions.
Kilkenny, North (1 MP)
Kilkenny, South (1 MP) Kilkenny, South (1 MP)

King's County

Representation reduced from 2 to 1 MP

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
King's County, Birr (1 MP)Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP. King's County (1 MP)
King's County, Tullamore (1 MP)

Leitrim

Representation reduced from 2 to 1 MP

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Leitrim, North (1 MP)Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP. Leitrim (1 MP)
Leitrim, South (1 MP)

Limerick

Representation unchanged (3 MPs)

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Limerick City (1 MP)No change. Limerick City (1 MP)
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Limerick, East (1 MP)No change. Limerick, East (1 MP)
Limerick, West (1 MP) Limerick, West (1 MP)

Londonderry

Representation unchanged (3 MPs)

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Londonderry City (1 MP)No change. Londonderry City (1 MP)
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Londonderry, North (1 MP)No change. Londonderry, North (1 MP)
Londonderry, South (1 MP) Londonderry, South (1 MP)

Longford

Representation reduced from 2 to 1 MP

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Longford, North (1 MP)Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP. Longford (1 MP)
Longford, South (1 MP)

Louth

Representation reduced from 2 to 1 MP

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Louth, North (1 MP)Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP. Louth (1 MP)
Louth, South (1 MP)

Mayo

Representation unchanged (4 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Mayo, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Mayo, East (1 MP)
Mayo, North (1 MP) Mayo, North (1 MP)
Mayo, South (1 MP) Mayo, South (1 MP)
Mayo, West (1 MP) Mayo, West (1 MP)

Meath

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Meath, North (1 MP)No change. Meath, North (1 MP)
Meath, South (1 MP) Meath, South (1 MP)

Monaghan

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Monaghan, North (1 MP)No change. Monaghan, North (1 MP)
Monaghan, South (1 MP) Monaghan, South (1 MP)

Queen's County

Representation reduced from 2 to 1 MP

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Queen's County, Leix (1 MP)Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP. Queen's County (1 MP)
Queen's County, Ossory (1 MP)

Roscommon

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Roscommon, North (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Roscommon, North (1 MP)
Roscommon, South (1 MP) Roscommon, South (1 MP)

Sligo

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Sligo, North (1 MP)No change. Sligo, North (1 MP)
Sligo, South (1 MP) Sligo, South (1 MP)

Tipperary

Representation unchanged (4 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Tipperary, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative counties of North Tipperary and South Tipperary. Tipperary, East (1 MP)
Tipperary, Mid (1 MP) Tipperary, Mid (1 MP)
Tipperary, North (1 MP) Tipperary, North (1 MP)
Tipperary, South (1 MP) Tipperary, South (1 MP)

Tyrone

Representation reduced from 4 to 3 MPs

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Tyrone, East (1 MP)Divided into three single-member divisions. Tyrone, North East (1 MP)
Tyrone, Mid (1 MP)
Tyrone, North (1 MP) Tyrone, North West (1 MP)
Tyrone, South (1 MP) Tyrone, South (1 MP)

Waterford

Representation reduced from 3 to 2 MPs

Boroughs
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Waterford City (1 MP)Extended to include entire county borough of Waterford and the part of the rural district of Waterford No. 1 which consisted of the district electoral divisions of Ballynakill, Kilbarry, Killoteran and Waterford Rural. Waterford City (1 MP)
County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Waterford, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county, and to exclude the area of the extended parliamentary borough of Waterford.
Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP.
County Waterford (1 MP)
Waterford, West (1 MP)

Westmeath

Representation reduced from 2 to 1 MP

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Westmeath, North (1 MP)Undivided parliamentary county returned one MP. Westmeath (1 MP)
Westmeath, South (1 MP)

Wexford

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Wexford, North (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Wexford, North (1 MP)
Wexford, South (1 MP) Wexford, South (1 MP)

Wicklow

Representation unchanged (2 MPs)

County Divisions
1885 ActChange1918 Act
Wicklow, East (1 MP)Boundaries of parliamentary county altered to align with administrative county. Wicklow, East (1 MP)
Wicklow, West (1 MP) Wicklow, West (1 MP)

Universities

Representation increased from 2 to 4 MPs

1885 ActChange1918 Act
Dublin University (2 MPs)No change Dublin University (2 MPs)
New constituency National University of Ireland (1 MP)
New constituency Queen's University, Belfast (1 MP)

See also

References

  1. 48 & 49 Vict. c. 23
  2. Boundary Commission (Ireland) (1917). Report of the Boundary Commission (Ireland).
  3. "Government of Ireland Act 1920: Fifth Schedule". The National Archives . Retrieved 4 October 2021.
  4. "Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922 (12 & 13 Geo. 5, c. 4)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk . The National Archives.

Sources