Special relationship (international relations)

Last updated

Monaco, a microstate on the French Riviera, holds a special relationship with its neighbour France. The Minister of State, the head of government of Monaco, is usually a French citizen, whose appointment by the Prince of Monaco is proposed by the Government of France. NE Monaco From Cap Martin France Sep23 A7C 06556.jpg
Monaco, a microstate on the French Riviera, holds a special relationship with its neighbour France. The Minister of State, the head of government of Monaco, is usually a French citizen, whose appointment by the Prince of Monaco is proposed by the Government of France.

A special relationship is a diplomatic relationship that is especially strong and important. This term is usually used to refer to the relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom. In an extended use of the term, it has also been used to describe the whole of European Union–United States relations, [1] as well as the following relations:

List of relationships
Flag of Albania.svgFlag of China.svg Albania–China relations [2] [3]
Flag of Albania.svgFlag of Kosovo.svg Albania–Kosovo relations [4]
Flag of Argentina.svgFlag of Brazil.svg Argentina–Brazil relations [5]
Flag of Armenia.svgFlag of France.svg Armenia–France relations [6]
Flag of Armenia.svgFlag of Russia.svg Armenia–Russia relations [7] [8] [9]
Flag of Australia (converted).svgFlag of Canada.svg Australia–Canada relations [10]
Flag of Australia (converted).svgFlag of New Zealand.svg Australia–New Zealand relations [11] [12]
Flag of Australia (converted).svgFlag of Singapore.svg Australia–Singapore relations [13]
Flag of Australia (converted).svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg Australia–United Kingdom relations [14]
Flag of Australia (converted).svgFlag of the United States.svg Australia–United States relations [15]
Flag of Azerbaijan.svgFlag of Turkey.svg Azerbaijan–Turkey relations [16] [17]
Flag of Bhutan.svgFlag of India.svg Bhutan–India relations [18] [19]
Flag of Brazil.svgFlag of Portugal.svg Brazil–Portugal relations [20]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svgFlag of France.svg Canada–France relations [21]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svgFlag of New Zealand.svg Canada–New Zealand relations [22]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svgFlag of United Kingdom.svg Canada–United Kingdom relations [23]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svgFlag of the United States.svg Canada–United States relations [24] [25] [26] [27]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svgFlag of North Korea.svg China–North Korea relations [28]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svgFlag of Pakistan.svg China–Pakistan relations [29] [30]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svgFlag of Russia.svg China–Russia relations [31] [32]
Flag of Cyprus.svgFlag of Greece.svg Cyprus–Greece relations [33]
Flag of Cyprus.svgFlag of United Kingdom.svg Cyprus–United Kingdom relations [34]
Flag of Denmark.svgFlag of Finland.svg Denmark–Finland relations [35]
Flag of Denmark.svgFlag of Iceland.svg Denmark–Iceland relations [36]
Flag of Denmark.svgFlag of Norway.svg Denmark–Norway relations [37]
Flag of Denmark.svgFlag of Sweden.svg Denmark–Sweden relations [38]
Flag of Egypt.svgFlag of the United Arab Emirates.svg Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations [39] [40] [41] [42]
Flag of Estonia.svgFlag of Finland.svg Estonia–Finland relations [43]
Flag of Estonia.svgFlag of Germany.svg Estonia–Germany relations [44]
Flag of Finland.svgFlag of Iceland.svg Finland–Iceland relations [45]
Flag of Finland.svgFlag of Norway.svg Finland–Norway relations [46]
Flag of Finland.svgFlag of Sweden.svg Finland–Sweden relations [47]
Flag of France.svgFlag of Germany.svg France–Germany relations [48]
Flag of France.svgFlag of Greece.svg France–Greece relations [49]
Flag of France.svgFlag of India.svg France–India relations [50]
Flag of France.svgFlag of Italy.svg France–Italy relations [51]
Flag of France.svgFlag of Lebanon.svg France–Lebanon relations [52]
Flag of France.svgFlag of Monaco.svg France–Monaco relations [53]
Flag of France.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg France–United Kingdom relations [54] [55]
Flag of France.svgFlag of the United States.svg France–United States relations [56]
Flag of Germany.svgFlag of Italy.svg Germany–Italy relations [57]
Flag of Germany.svgFlag of South Korea.svg Germany–South Korea relations [58]
Flag of Germany.svgFlag of Spain.svg Germany–Spain relations [59]
Flag of Germany.svgFlag of the United States.svg Germany–United States relations [60] [61]
Flag of Greece.svgFlag of Italy.svg Greece–Italy relations [62] [63] [64] [65]
Flag of Greece.svgFlag of Portugal.svg Greece–Portugal relations [66]
Flag of Greece.svgFlag of Spain.svg Greece–Spain relations [67]
Flag of Greece.svgFlag of the United States.svg Greece–United States relations [68]
Flag of the Vatican City.svgFlag of Italy.svg Holy See–Italy relations [69] [70]
Flag of Iceland.svgFlag of Norway.svg Iceland–Norway relations [71]
Flag of Iceland.svgFlag of Sweden.svg Iceland–Sweden relations [72]
Flag of India.svgFlag of Israel.svg India–Israel relations [73]
Flag of India.svgFlag of Nepal.svg India–Nepal relations [74]
Flag of India.svgFlag of Russia.svg India–Russia relations [75]
Flag of India.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg India–United Kingdom relations [76]
Flag of India.svgFlag of the United States.svg India–United States relations [77] [78]
Flag of Ireland.svgFlag of the United States.svg Ireland–United States relations [79]
Flag of Israel.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg Israel–United Kingdom relations [80]
Flag of Israel.svgFlag of the United States.svg Israel–United States relations [81]
Flag of Italy.svgFlag of Portugal.svg Italy–Portugal relations [82]
Flag of Italy.svgFlag of Spain.svg Italy–Spain relations [83]
Flag of Italy.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg Italy–United Kingdom relations [84]
Flag of Italy.svgFlag of the United States.svg Italy–United States relations [85]
Flag of Japan.svgFlag of the Philippines.svg Japan–Philippines relations [86]
Flag of Japan.svgFlag of the United States.svg Japan–United States relations [87] [88] [89] [90]
Flag of Laos.svgFlag of Vietnam.svg Laos–Vietnam relations [91] [92] [93] [94]
Flag of Liechtenstein.svgFlag of Switzerland.svg Liechtenstein–Switzerland relations [95]
Flag of Moldova.svgFlag of Romania.svg Moldova–Romania relations [96]
Flag of Norway.svgFlag of Sweden.svg Norway–Sweden relations [97]
Flag of New Zealand.svgFlag of Singapore.svg New Zealand–Singapore relations [98]
Flag of New Zealand.svgFlag of South Korea.svg New Zealand–South Korea relations [99]
Flag of New Zealand.svgFlag of United Kingdom.svg New Zealand–United Kingdom relations [100]
Flag of New Zealand.svgFlag of United States.svg New Zealand–United States relations [101]
Flag of Oman.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg Oman–United Kingdom relations [102] [103]
Flag of Pakistan.svgFlag of Saudi Arabia.svg Pakistan–Saudi Arabia relations [104] [105] [106]
Flag of Portugal.svgFlag of Spain.svg Portugal–Spain relations [107]
Flag of Portugal.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg Portugal–United Kingdom relations [108]
Flag of the Philippines.svgFlag of the United States.svg Philippines–United States relations [109] [110]
Flag of Qatar.svg Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Qatar–United Kingdom relations [111]
Flag of Russia.svg Flag of Serbia.svg Russia–Serbia relations [112]
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations [113] [114]
Flag of Singapore.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg Singapore–United Kingdom relations [115]
Flag of Singapore.svgFlag of the United States.svg Singapore–United States relations [116]
Flag of Singapore.svgFlag of the Republic of China.svg Singapore–Taiwan relations [117]
Flag of South Africa.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg South Africa–United Kingdom relations [118]
Flag of South Korea.svgFlag of the Republic of China.svg South Korea–Taiwan relations [119]
Flag of South Korea.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg South Korea–United Kingdom relations [120]
Flag of South Korea.svgFlag of the United States.svg South Korea–United States relations [121]
Flag of the Republic of China.svgFlag of the United States.svg Taiwan–United States relations [122]
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svgFlag of the United Kingdom.svg United Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations [123] [124] [125]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Dominica</span> Overview of the foreign relations of Dominica

Like its Eastern Caribbean neighbours, the main priority of Dominica's foreign relations is economic development. The country maintains missions in Washington, New York, London, and Brussels and is represented jointly with other Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) members in Canada. Dominica is also a member of the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB), Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, and the Commonwealth of Nations. It became a member of the United Nations and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1978 and of the World Bank and Organization of American States (OAS) in 1979.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Eritrea</span> Overview of the foreign relations of Eritrea

The foreign relations of Eritrea are the policies of the Eritrean government by which it administers its external relations with other nations. Since its independence, Eritrea's foreign relations have been dominated by conflict and confrontation, both in the regional and international arenas. It has maintained often troubled, and usually violent, relations with its neighbors, including brief armed conflicts with Yemen and Djibouti and a destructive war with its bigger-neighbour, Ethiopia. At present, Eritrea has very tense relations with neighboring Ethiopia and Djibouti. Relations in the international arena also have been strained since the last decade, particularly with major powers. What appeared cordial relations with the US in the 1990s turned acrimonious following the border war with Ethiopia, 1998-2000. Although the two nations have a close working relationship regarding the ongoing war on terror, there has been a growing tension in other areas. Ties with international organizations such as the United Nations, the African Union, and the European Union have also been complicated in part because of Eritrea's outrage at their reluctance to force Ethiopia to accept a boundary commission ruling issued in 2002.

The diplomatic foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates are conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign relations of Belize</span>

Belize maintains 14 embassies to foreign countries, one consulate, and three missions to international organizations. In 1990, Belize became a member of the Organization of American States, and the Commonwealth of Nations in 1981.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Damrong Rajanubhab</span> Thai prince, historian, and public administrator (1862–1943)

Prince Tisavarakumarn, the Prince Damrong Rajanubhab was the founder of the modern Thai educational system as well as the modern provincial administration. He was an autodidact, a (self-taught) historian, and one of the most influential Thai intellectuals of his time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Klobuk</span>

A klobuk is an item of monastic clothing worn by monks and, in the Russian tradition, also by nuns, in the Byzantine Rite, composed of a kamilavka with an epanokamelavkion, a veil which completely covers the kamilavka and hangs down over the shoulders and back.

Darlington Borough Council elections are held every four years. Darlington Borough Council is the local authority for the unitary authority of Darlington in County Durham, England. Until 1 April 1997 it was a non-metropolitan district.

Tom Short is an American traveling campus evangelist who lives in Columbus, Ohio.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burundi–United States relations</span> Bilateral relations

In 1962, the United States established diplomatic relations with Burundi when it gained its independence from Belgium. Following independence, the country experienced political assassinations, ethnic violence, and cyclical periods of armed conflict; several governments were installed through coups. The 2000 Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement provided a negotiated settlement framework that, along with later ceasefire agreements, led to the end of the 1993-2006 civil war. President Pierre Nkurunziza's decision to seek a third presidential term in 2015 sparked protests in the capital and was followed by a failed coup d’état. The resultant violence and political and economic crises resulted in massive refugee flows to neighboring countries. The United States Embassy in Burundi's policy states: "The United States supports the achievement of long-term stability and prosperity in Burundi through broad, inclusive reconciliation; humanitarian assistance; economic growth; and the promotion of political openness and expansion of democratic freedoms. The United States supports the East African Community (EAC)-facilitated Burundian dialogue and other conflict resolution efforts within Burundi. The United States seeks to facilitate Burundi's deeper integration into regional and international markets, as a means to promote sustainable economic development."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yad HaShmona</span> Cooperative village in central Israel

Yad HaShmona is a small moshav shitufi in central Israel. Located in the Judean Mountains near Jerusalem, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 307.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moldova–Ukraine relations</span> Bilateral relations

Moldova–Ukraine relations are the bilateral/diplomatic/foreign relations between the sovereign states of Moldova and Ukraine. The Moldova–Ukraine border is 985 kilometers. Ukrainians are the third largest ethnic group in Moldova, behind Moldovans and Romanians. Both countries were former republics of the Soviet Union and are also the poorest countries in Europe. Both countries have applied for membership to join the European Union in 2022.

Louis F. O’Neill is an American diplomat and attorney. An expert on Russia/Eurasia conflicts and security, he served as Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Ambassador and Head of Mission to Moldova (2006–2008). O’Neill worked on the State Department's Policy Planning Staff (2005–2006), and as Special Assistant for Russian Affairs to Secretary of State Colin Powell (2004–2005) when O’Neill was a non-political, non-partisan White House Fellow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations</span> Bilateral relations

Since the independence of the United Arab Emirates from Britain in 1971, Egypt and the UAE relations were always at a good level and developing at an unprecedented rate. Egypt has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and consulate-general in Dubai while the UAE maintains an embassy in Cairo. The bond of friendship between the leaders of both countries has reflected on the growing political, economic and cultural ties between them, and as a result the UAE ranks first among Arab and foreign countries investing in Egypt. UAE and Egypt maintain a close economic ties and maintain trade between the two countries, with imports and exports between the two sides. The government of the UAE, by an order from Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan the President of UAE, gave Egypt cargo ships carrying 1,000,000 tonnes of wheat as a food gift to the people of Egypt. The UAE supported the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état and has since become Egypt's closest ally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guardia di Finanza</span> Italian law enforcement agency

The Guardia di Finanza is an Italian law enforcement agency under the authority of the Minister of Economy and Finance. It is a militarized police force, forming a part of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, not the Ministry of Defence. Guardia di Finanza is essentially responsible for dealing with financial crime and smuggling; it has also evolved into Italy's primary agency for suppressing the illegal drug trade. It maintains over 600 boats and ships and more than 100 aircraft to serve in its mission of patrolling Italy's territorial waters. It also has the role of border police and customs duties at Italian airports.

Drumchapel RFC was an early twentieth-century East Dunbartonshire-based rugby union club; the town – after being annexed in 1938 – now resides in Glasgow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azerbaijan–Cuba relations</span> Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Cuba

Azerbaijan–Cuba relations refers to bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Cuba. Azerbaijan has an embassy in Havana and Cuba has an embassy in Baku. Diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Cuba were established on March 27, 1992.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azerbaijan–North Macedonia relations</span> Bilateral relations

Bilateral relations exist between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of North Macedonia in the political, socio-economic, cultural and other spheres.

Broughton RFC is a rugby union club based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Men's team currently plays in East Division 1; the Women's team currently plays in Scottish Womens National One.

References

  1. "European Union – EEAS (European External Action Service) – The EU and the US: a special relationship".
  2. Lüdtke, Lisa (3 January 2018). "China's soft landing in the Balkans". GIS Reports. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  3. Boriçi, Gjon (4 June 2020). "Albanian diplomacy serving China's strategy '58-'75". Albanian Studies: 79–99. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  4. Sulçebe, Dritan. "Albania and Kosovo. In quest of a Common Future." (2014).
  5. Useful Guide for Brazilians Archived 24 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine Argentina – Official Promotion Portal for Argentina. Retrieved on 28 November 2010.
  6. Khachatrian, Haroutiun (4 December 2023). "French-Armenian Relations: Past and Present". evnreport.
  7. Khachatrian, Haroutiun (15 February 2001). "Armenians Worry About Special Relationship with Russia". EurasiaNet.
  8. Demytrie, Rayhan (10 August 2016). "Armenians challenge age-old links to Russia". BBC News. Armenia has maintained a special relationship with Russia since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991...
  9. Kambeck, Michael (1 June 2014). "Between the big blocs: Armenian foreign policy untangled". European View. 13. Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies: 29–38. doi: 10.1007/s12290-014-0298-2 . S2CID   154016333. The author analyses the special relationship with Russia...
  10. "Canada-Australia Relations". Government of Canada. 9 January 2020.
  11. "Kiwis and Aussies, best friends forever?". NZ Herald. 10 May 2024.
  12. Institute, Lowy. "Feelings towards other nations - Lowy Institute Poll". Lowy Institute Poll 2022.
  13. https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/international/global/singapore-and-australia-enter-new-chapter-cooperation-2025.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. "PARTNERS IN CRIMES? THE UK/AUSTRALIA SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP". Declassified UK. 5 November 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  15. "The Times views of US-Australian ties a new Special Relationahips".
  16. Kardas, Saban. "Turkey Develops Special Relationship with Azerbaijan". Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  17. Katik, Mevlut. "Azerbaijan and Turkey Coordinate Nagorno-Karabakh Negotiation Position". EurasiaNet. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  18. Handle with care, Bhutan is a friend
  19. "Narendra Modi leaves for Bhutan on his first foreign visit as PM". The Economic Times.
  20. "Foreign policy – Americas". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Lisbon. Archived from the original on 26 December 2011. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
  21. Massie, Justin (2009). "A Special Relationship? The Importance of France in Canadian Foreign Policy". Canada Among Nations, 2008. pp. 235–270. doi:10.1515/9780773575882-013. ISBN   978-0-7735-7588-2.
  22. "Canada-New Zealand Relations". 4 March 2020.
  23. "Canada-United Kingdom relations | Government of Canada". 19 December 2019.
  24. Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent said: "the special nature of our relationship to the United Kingdom and the United States complicates our responsibilities..." quoted in: H.H. Herstien, L.J. Hughes, R.C. Kirbyson. Challenge & Survival: The History of Canada (Scarborough, ON: Prentice-Hall, 1970). p 411
  25. Canada in North America: Farewell to the 'Special Relationship',
  26. "FindArticles.com – CBSi".
  27. "Allan Gotlieb: Bring back the special relationship" . Retrieved 17 January 2008.[ permanent dead link ]
  28. Mayberry, Kate (20 June 2019). "'Special relationship' in focus as China's Xi visits North Korea". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 27 July 2019. Retrieved 25 July 2019.
  29. "China-Pakistan relations". International Policy Digest. 3 November 2013. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
  30. "China-Pakistan friendship 'sweeter than honey', says Nawaz Sharif". The Telegraph. 5 July 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
  31. Smolchenko, Anna. "Putin Welcomes China's Xi for landmark talks." AFP. 22 March 2013.
  32. "China-Russia: a special relationship". Euronews. 22 March 2013. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
  33. https://kyprioscharacter.eie.gr/en/scientific-texts/details/cyprus-and-others/relations-between-athens-and-cyprus-during-classical-period.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  34. https://ukandeu.ac.uk/cyprus-special-ties-with-the-uk-will-determine-cypruss-final-stance/.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  35. "Nordic cooperation".
  36. "A Special Relationship". 12 December 2023.
  37. "Strong political relations".
  38. http://www.stratagem.no/danish-thoughts-on-finnish-and-swedish-nato-membership/amp/.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  39. "Emirates Forges Special Relationship With El-Sissi's Egypt". Associated Press. 6 March 2015 via The New York Times.
  40. "Sisi: UAE-Egypt relations will always be special". Al Arabiya English. 19 January 2015.
  41. Rania El Gamal and William Maclean (17 February 2013). "Analysis: Rise of Islamists frays strategic UAE-Egyptian relations". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
  42. "Al Sisi's visit bolsters UAE-Egypt ties". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  43. "Kahdenväliset suhteet". Finland abroad (in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Tallinn. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
  44. "Bilateral relations between Estonia and Germany". Auswärtiges-amt.de.
  45. "Strong political relations".
  46. "Norway and Finland thaw relations with Russia".
  47. "Kahdenväliset suhteet Ruotsiin (Bilateral Relations to Sweden)". finland.se/ (in Finnish). Embassy of Finland, Stockholm. 16 September 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  48. "What′s so special about the Franco-German relationship? – Europe – DW.COM – 07.05.2012". DW.COM.
  49. "france 24 – Greece hails 'special relationship' with France on Hollande visit – France 24". France 24. 22 October 2015.
  50. "Exploring the India-France 'special relationship'". ORF.
  51. "France Italian relations at their best a look back on the relationship between the two nations". EURONEWS.EU. 6 April 2022.
  52. "Why France and Lebanon are such close allies".
  53. "Monaco and the EU". EEAS – European External Action Service – European Commission.
  54. "The real special relationship". Financial Times. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  55. "France's Macron wants "very special relationship" with Britain after Brexit". Reuters. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  56. Move over Britain, France is America's ‘special’ friend, POlitico.eu, 4/30,2018
  57. Deserri, Dario. "The Italian - German Relationship: The Role of Cultural Diplomacy in Europe" (PDF). www.culturaldiplomacy.org.
  58. "The New Dynamism in Germany's Relations with South Korea".
  59. "Germany and Spain: Bilateral relations".
  60. Berghahn, Volker R. (29 June 2016). "The U.S.'s "Special Relationship" Is with Germany, Not Britain". Harvard Business Review via hbr.org.
  61. Oreskes, Benjamin. "Germany: America's real special relationship". POLITICO.
  62. "Pavlopoulos and Mattarella confirm the longstanding Greek-Italian friendship (Παυλόπουλος και Ματαρέλα επιβεβαίωσαν τη μακρόχρονη ελληνοϊταλική φιλία)". documentonews.gr. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  63. "Pavlopoulos – Mattarella: Strong friendship and a common vision between Greece and Italy (Παυλόπουλος – Ματαρέλα: Δυνατή φιλία και κοινή οπτική μεταξύ Ελλάδας και Ιταλίας)". news247.gr. Archived from the original on 6 March 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  64. "Greece-Italy alliance (Ελλάδα-Ιταλία συμμαχία)". makthes.gr. Archived from the original on 6 March 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  65. "A medal of honor for the Greek-Italian relations (Ενα παράσημο για τις ελληνοϊταλικές σχέσεις)". enet.gr. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  66. https://atenas.embaixadaportugal.mne.gov.pt/en/the-embassy/message-from-the-ambassador.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  67. "Spain wants best possible relationship with Greece Rajoy says".
  68. "How Greece Became One of America's—and Israel's—Closest Allies". washingtonmonthly.com. 18 June 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  69. Frattini, Eric (12 March 2013). I corvi del Vaticano. Sperling & Kupfer. ISBN   9788873397939.
  70. "Patti lateranensi, 11 febbraio 1929 – Segreteria di Stato, card. Pietro Gasparri". www.vatican.va. Archived from the original on 13 August 2013.
  71. "A 'special relationship' built on a patchwork".
  72. "The history of the Nordic Region | Nordic cooperation".
  73. Sinha, Atish; Mohta, Madhup (2007). Indian Foreign Policy. Academic Foundation. ISBN   9788171885930.
  74. Will strive to take India-Nepal ties to Himalayan heights, says Modi, The Mint, 1 June 2023, retrieved 14 July 2023
  75. "Bilateral Relations: India-Russia". Embassy of India, Moscow (Russia). Archived from the original on 27 July 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  76. "UK and India announce new era in bilateral relationship". HM Government.
  77. Yardley, Jim (6 November 2010). "America and India: The Almost-Special Relationship". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
  78. Mariathasan, Joseph (24 September 2019). "India and the US – a new special relationship?" . IPE. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
  79. "The Irish Times view on Ireland and the United States: The special relationship". The Irish Times .
  80. Curtis, Mark (10 August 2018). "The raw truth about the UK's special relationship with Israel". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  81. Frier, Ted (28 April 2013). "The US-Israeli "Special Relationship"". Open Salon. Archived from the original on 10 June 2013.
  82. "The connection between Portugal and Italy in the sphere of relationships".
  83. "Italy and Spain: A tale of two countries".
  84. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330055756.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  85. https://www.state.gov/the-u-s-italy-relationship/.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  86. Cervantes, Filane Mikee (1 August 2023). "House adopts reso enhancing PH-Japan parliamentary ties". Philippine News Agency . Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023. It also said that with the accession of Japan as a dialogue partner to the Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN) Treaty of Amity and Cooperation, "the special relationship of the Philippines and Japan is further developed, and the regional cooperation towards perpetual peace, everlasting amity, and collaboration among the peoples in ASEAN is enhanced."
  87. Hastert, J. Dennis (27 February 2015). "U.S.-Japanese Friendship: 70 Remarkable Years | Commentary". Roll Call. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  88. Cenname, Steven (29 May 2014). "The United States & Japan: The Perfect Model of Forgiveness in International Relations". Cennamology.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  89. Hongo, Jun (3 September 2015). "U.S.-Japan Relations a Model of Reconciliation, Obama Says". WSJ Blogs – Japan Real Time. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  90. Stokes, Bruce (7 April 2015). "5 facts to help understand the U.S.-Japan relationship". Pew Research Center. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  91. Zagioff, Joseph J (March 1987). "Vietnam and Laos: The Special Relationship". DTIC OAI. Department of State Washington DC Office of External Research. Archived from the original on 27 March 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  92. McCartan, Brian (30 August 2008). "China and Vietnam square off in Laos". Asia Times Online. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 26 March 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  93. Faming, Manynooch (June 2009). "A New Role for an Old Tale: Vietnam as a Donor to Laos". A Safari Towards Aid Effectiveness?. NORRAG. Archived from the original on 27 March 2014. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
  94. Feffer, John; St John, Ronald Bruce; Wells-Dang, Andrew (28 December 2006). "Dialogue on Laos and Vietnam". FPIF. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
  95. https://www.llv.li/en/national-administration/diplomatic-representations/berne-ch/bilateral-relations-liechtenstein---switzerland.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  96. "Relații bilaterale - Scurt istoric". AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Republica Moldova.
  97. Lindgren, Raymond E. (10 May 2024). Norway-Sweden. Princeton University Press. ISBN   978-0-691-05138-3. JSTOR   j.ctt183pz3k.
  98. https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/countries-and-regions/asia/singapore.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  99. https://thediplomat.com/2023/09/better-late-than-never-south-korea-and-new-zealand-in-the-south-pacific/.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  100. "The UK and New Zwaland a Special Relationship for the 21st century". 17 January 2020.
  101. https://www.state.gov/the-united-states-new-zealand-relationship/.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  102. "Britain and Oman: Will their growing special relationship survive succession?". Middle East Eye. 17 June 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  103. "Britain's Dangerous and Ignored Special Relationship With Oman". HuffPost. 11 August 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  104. Cafiero, Giorgio; Wagner, Daniel (23 November 2015). "Saudi Arabia and Pakistan's Evolving Alliance". Huffington Post. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  105. Guzansky, Yoel (16 February 2016). "Pakistan and Saudi Arabia: How Special are the "Special Relations"?". The Institute for National Security Studies. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  106. Teller, Neville (2016). The Chaos in the Middle East: 2014–2016. Troubador Publishing Ltd. p. 246. ISBN   9781785892820.
  107. "Spain and Portugal: From Distant Neighbours to Uneasy Associates".
  108. "UK and Portugal celebrate the world's longest diplomatic alliance".
  109. Salans, Carl F.; Belmans, Murray J. (1 August 1965). "An Appraisal of the United States—Philippines' Special Relationship". Washington Law Review . 40 (3): 447–476. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  110. Sen, Rabindra (June 2005). "PHILIPPINES – U.S. SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP: COLD WAR AND BEYOND". Jadavpur Journal of International Relations. 9 (1). Sage Publishing: 85–92. doi:10.1177/0973598405110005 . Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  111. "UK ALLOWS KEY HAMAS FUNDER TO HAVE MILITARY BASE IN NORTHERN ENGLAND". Desclassified UK. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  112. Samorukov, Maxim. "Last Friend in Europe: How Far Will Russia Go to Preserve Its Alliance With Serbia?". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  113. "UK-Saudi Arabia: the new special relationship". The Guardian. 7 October 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  114. "THE SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UK AND SAUDI ARABIA". The Real News. 6 August 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  115. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/singapore-uk-elevate-ties-strategic-partnership-pm-lee-hsien-loong-rishi-sunak-3758241.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  116. https://sg.usembassy.gov/u-s-singapore-relations/.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  117. https://www.ft.com/content/52bb620e-b601-11e6-ba85-95d1533d9a62.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  118. 'The Transvaal Blue-Book', The Times (16 September 1899), pg. 3, col. C.
  119. "[Column] the history linking Taiwan and the Korean Peninsula".
  120. "What's Next for the South Korea-UK Relationship?".
  121. "What does the Korean War reveal about the 'special relationship'?". www.churchillarchiveforschools.com. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  122. "Chairman Royce Meets with President Tsai in Taiwan". Committee on Foreign Affairs . United States House of Representatives. 1 September 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  123. Sultan Al Qassemi. "The other special relationship: the UAE and the UK".
  124. Colin Simpson (25 April 2013). "Sheikh Khalifa's trip will strengthen UK-UAE ties".
  125. "الرئيسية – صاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم". Archived from the original on 31 December 2013.