Srinath Raghavan | |
---|---|
Born | 1977 (age 45–46) |
Nationality | Indian |
Occupation(s) | Senior Fellow, Centre for Policy Research |
Awards | Infosys Prize |
Academic background | |
Education | University of Madras King's College London |
Doctoral advisor | Lawrence Freedman |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Military history and Security studies |
Notable works | War and Peace in Modern India 1971:A Global History India's War:The Making of Modern South Asia The Most Dangerous Place |
Srinath Raghavan is an Indian historian of contemporary history. He is a professor of history and international relations at Ashoka University [1] and a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He is also a visiting senior research fellow at the India Institute of the King's College London [2] and previously,was a senior fellow at the Centre for Policy Research,specialising in contemporary and historical aspects of India's foreign and security policies. [3]
Raghavan has authored and edited multiple books,which have been subject to critical acclaim. about India's strategic history,and has been a regular commentator on foreign and strategic affairs. He is a recipient of the K. Subrahmanyam Award for Strategic Studies (2011) and the Infosys Prize for Social Sciences (2015). [1] [4]
Srinath Raghavan was born in 1977. He studied in Hyderabad,Kolkata and Chennai,graduating with a bachelor's degree in physics from the University of Madras in 1997. [5]
Raghavan joined the Indian Army in 1997 as a commissioned officer in the infantry. He worked for six years in the Rajputana Rifles,serving in Sikkim,Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir. He termed his "short service" in the Army as an "extended break",during which he figured out his future direction. [6]
He entered the academia in 2003,studying at King's College London on an Inlaks scholarship. He worked with Lawrence Freedman,Professor of War Studies at King's College,receiving an MA and PhD in War Studies. [2] His Ph.D. dissertation was the basis of his first book,War and Peace in Modern India. [5]
Afterwards,Raghavan worked as a lecturer in Defence studies at King's College,teaching there for three years. He currently works at the Carnegie India,a policy think tank in New Delhi. [3] [6]
Raghavan is a prolific writer,having published three works on the strategic history of India between 2010 and 2016. He is working on three further books. [6] In 2015,Raghavan was chosen by India's Ministry of Defence to head a team of historians working on the official history of the Kargil War. The project was to last two years. [7] He has served as a member of the National Security Advisory Board formed by the Indian Prime Minister. [2]
His first book,it covered the strategic history of Jawaharlal Nehru's premiership and was published as part of The Indian Century Series edited by scholars Ramachandra Guha and Sunil Khilnani. The editors stated in the book's preface that Raghavan has set a "benchmark" for the historical study of the strategic and foreign policy issues of India. He has covered the strategic crises faced by India in the first fifteen years of its independent existence,using a range of sources and analytical depth. [8]
Scholar Kristina Roepstorff,in a book review,agreed that the book successfully illuminates the rationale behind the strategic choices made by Nehru in facing the major dilemmas during his tenure. It offers a "brilliant account" of the events that shaped Nehru's strategic thinking and his approach to crisis management. She assessed the book's original findings are highly relevant to the ongoing crises in the subcontinent. However,while the book contained excellent historical account,she found it to be short on "theoretical reflection". She also noted that the book covered a selection of case studies,mainly dealing with India's princely states and crises with neighbours but omitted the international dimensions further out,such as the crises dealing with Goa or Congo. She felt that further justification of the selection of cases was necessary to avert selection bias in drawing general conclusions. [9]
Shashank Joshi called the book a "commanding diplomatic history" of the Nehru years. [10] Odd Arne Westad called it "international history at its very best". [11] Scholar Jivanta Schottli called it "polished historical study", [12] and Rudra Chaudhuri said it should be considered "the single most important text on Indian strategic history". [13] Priya Chacko noted that it is meticulously researched and draws on previously untapped archival sources,such as the private papers of British officials,allowing Raghavan to circumvent the usual limitations of diplomatic history. [14]
Historian Perry Anderson finds that Srinath Raghavan is a firm apologist for India and describes his book as a hymn to Nehru's strategism. [15]
The book has been subject to positive reception,among critics. [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28]
The book has been subject to positive reception,among critics. [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41]
The book has been subject to positive reception,among critics. [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50]
Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan was a Pakistani military officer who served as the third president of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971. He also served as the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army from 1966 to 1971. Along with Tikka Khan,he is considered the chief architect of the 1971 Bangladesh genocide..
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 or the Third India–Pakistan War was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that occurred during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to 16 December 1971.
The Bangladesh Liberation War was a revolution and armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in East Pakistan,which resulted in the independence of Bangladesh. The war began when the Pakistani military junta based in West Pakistan—under the orders of Yahya Khan—launched Operation Searchlight against the people of East Pakistan on the night of 25 March 1971,initiating the Bangladesh genocide.
China and India have historically maintained peaceful relations for thousands of years of recorded history,but the harmony of their relationship has varied in modern times,after the Chinese Communist Party's victory in the Chinese Civil War in 1949,and especially post the Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China. The two nations have sought economic cooperation with each other,while frequent border disputes and economic nationalism in both countries are major points of contention.
The history of independent India began when the country became an independent nation within the British Commonwealth on 15 August 1947. Direct administration by the British,which began in 1858,affected a political and economic unification of the subcontinent. When British rule came to an end in 1947,the subcontinent was partitioned along religious lines into two separate countries—India,with a majority of Hindus,and Pakistan,with a majority of Muslims. Concurrently the Muslim-majority northwest and east of British India was separated into the Dominion of Pakistan,by the Partition of India. The partition led to a population transfer of more than 10 million people between India and Pakistan and the death of about one million people. Indian National Congress leader Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of India,but the leader most associated with the independence struggle,Mahatma Gandhi,accepted no office. The constitution adopted in 1950 made India a democratic republic with Westminster style parliamentary system of government,both at federal and state level respectively.The democracy has been sustained since then. India's sustained democratic freedoms are unique among the world's newly independent states.
Uri is a town and a tehsil in the Baramulla district,in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Uri is located on the left bank of the Jhelum River,about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the Line of Control with Pakistan.
The Liaquat–Nehru Pact was a bilateral treaty between India and Pakistan in which refugees were allowed to return to dispose of their property,abducted women and looted property were to be returned,forced conversions were unrecognized,and minority rights were confirmed.
In February 1948,the princely state of Junagadh,located in what is now the Indian state of Gujarat,was annexed to the Union of India after a dispute with the Dominion of Pakistan,regarding its accession,and a plebiscite.
Neville Maxwell (1926–2019) was an English-born Australian journalist and scholar who covered South Asia for The Times of London during 1959–1967,and one of the few who have seen the Henderson-Brooks Report,which was India’s internal report of the 1962 border war with China,which is still currently being classified by the Indian government,and publicly unavailable to Indians. After five decades of the Indian government failing to declassify the Henderson-Brooks report,Maxwell later uploaded part of the report online and authored the book India's China War. The book is considered a revisionist analysis of the 1962 Sino-Indian War,putting the blame for it on India. His views received praise in People's Republic of China and in the Richard Nixon administration.
After the Indian Rebellion of 1857,the British Government took over the administration to establish the British Raj. The British Raj was the period of British rule on the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947,for around 89 years of British occupation. The system of governance was instituted in 1858 when the rule of the East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria.
Jammu and Kashmir,also known as Kashmir and Jammu,was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance under British East India Company rule from 1846 to 1858 and under the paramountcy of the British Crown,from 1858 until the Partition of India in 1947,when it became a disputed territory,now administered by three countries:China,India,and Pakistan. The princely state was created after the First Anglo-Sikh War,when the East India Company,which had annexed the Kashmir Valley,from the Sikhs as war indemnity,then sold it to the Raja of Jammu,Gulab Singh,for rupees 75 lakhs.
Dead Reckoning:Memories of the 1971 Bangladesh War is a controversial book on the Bangladesh Liberation War written by Sarmila Bose. The book has been accused of flawed and biased methodology,historical negationism and downplaying genocide.
Closepet Dasappa Narasimhaiah (1921–2005) was an Indian writer,literary critic and the principal of Maharaja's College,Mysore. Narasimhaiah was best known for his literary criticisms and for bringing out an abridged version of Discovery of India of Jawaharlal Nehru,under the title,Rediscovery of India. He was a recipient of the Rajyotsava Prashasti honor of the Government of Karnataka. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour,the Padma Bhushan,in 1990,for his contributions to literature.
"September on Jessore Road" is a poem by American poet and activist Allen Ginsberg,inspired by the plight of the East Bengali refugees from the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. Ginsberg wrote it after visiting the refugee camps along the Jessore Road in West Bengal in India. The poem documents the sickness and squalor he witnessed there and attacks the United States government's indifference to the humanitarian crisis. It was first published in The New York Times on November 14,1971. Further to topical songs by George Harrison and Joan Baez,the poem helped ensure that the Bangladesh crisis became a key issue for the youth protest movement around the world.
Alastair Lamb (1930–2023) was a Chinese-born British diplomatic historian who authored several books on the Sino-Indian border dispute and the Indo-Pakistani dispute over Kashmir. He also worked in archaeology and ethnography in Asia and Africa.
The History of Indian foreign policy refers to the foreign relations of modern India post-independence,that is the Dominion of India (from 1947 to 1950) and the Republic of India (from 1950 onwards).
The 1954 Sino-Indian Agreement,also called the Panchsheel Agreement,officially the Agreement on Trade and Intercourse Between Tibet Region of China and India,was signed by China and India in Peking on 29 April 1954. The preamble of the agreement stated the panchsheel,or the five principles of peaceful coexistence,that China proposed and India favoured. The agreement reflected the adjustment of the previously existing trade relations between Tibet and India to the changed context of India's decolonisation and China's assertion of suzerainty over Tibet. Bertil Lintner writes that in the agreement,"Tibet was referred to,for the first time in history,as 'the Tibet Region of China'".
David Anthony Washbrook was a British historian and author who studied modern India with a specific focus on the socio-political and economic conditions of South India between the 18th and 20th centuries. He was the director of the Centre for Indian Studies and a member of the Faculty of Oriental Studies at the University of Oxford and later a research professor and fellow of South Asian history at Trinity College,Cambridge.
Pankaj Jain is a professor of Philosophy,Religious Studies,Film Studies,Sustainability,and Diaspora Studies. He has authored four books and has co-edited the Hinduism Section of the Encyclopedia of Indian Religions and another volume on Philosophy of Religion. His articles have appeared in multiple academic journals and popular websites.
This bibliography of Deobandi Movement is a selected list of generally available scholarly resources related to Deobandi Movement,a revivalist movement within Sunni Islam,adhering to the Hanafi school of law,formed in the late 19th century around the Darul Uloom Deoband in British India,from which the name derives,by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi,Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and several others,after the Indian Rebellion of 1857–58. It is one of the most influential reform movements in modern Islam. Islamic Revival in British India:Deoband,1860-1900 by Barbara D. Metcalf was the first major monograph specifically devoted to the institutional and intellectual history of this movement. Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi wrote a book named The Tradition of the Scholars of Deoband:Maslak Ulama-i-Deoband,a primary source on the contours of Deobandi ideology. In this work,he tried to project Deoband as an ideology of moderation that is a composite of various knowledge traditions in Islam. This list will include Books and theses written on Deobandi Movement and articles published about this movement in various journals,newspapers,encyclopedias,seminars,websites etc. in APA style. Only bibliography related to Deobandi Movement will be included here,for Darul Uloom Deoband,see Bibliography of Darul Uloom Deoband.
Footnote 46: Even such a staunch apologist for New Delhi as Srinath Raghavan, a former Indian Army officer, author of a book that is a prolonged hymn to Nehru's strategic sagacity