St. Jerome in the Desert | |
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Artist | Giovanni Bellini |
Year | c. 1450 |
Medium | egg tempera on wood |
Dimensions | 44 cm× 39 cm(17 in× 15 in) |
Location | Barber Institute of Fine Arts, Birmingham |
St. Jerome in the Desert is an egg tempera painting on wood by the Italian Renaissance artist Giovanni Bellini, dating from around 1450. It is housed in the Barber Institute of Fine Arts in Birmingham, England. [1]
Universally recognised as Bellini's earliest surviving work, created when he was about 16, [2] [3] the painting depicts Saint Jerome seated semi-naked on a rock in front of his cave in the Syrian Desert. He holds a book in his left hand, referencing his life as a hermit and his role in producing the Vulgate Bible. His faithful lion is depicted in front of him, with the saint appearing to bless the animal. The lion retains the famous thorn on his paw, which according to the legend was removed by Jerome. [4] [5]
Giorgio Barbarelli da Castelfranco, known as Giorgione, was an Italian painter of the Venetian school during the High Renaissance, who died in his thirties. He is known for the elusive poetic quality of his work, though only about six surviving paintings are firmly attributed to him. The uncertainty surrounding the identity and meaning of his work has made Giorgione one of the most mysterious figures in European art.
Giovanni Bellini was an Italian Renaissance painter, probably the best known of the Bellini family of Venetian painters. He was raised in the household of Jacopo Bellini, formerly thought to have been his father, but now that familial generational relationship is questioned. An older brother, Gentile Bellini was more highly regarded than Giovanni during his lifetime, but the reverse is true today. His brother-in-law was Andrea Mantegna.
Giovanni di Niccolò de Luteri, better known as Dosso Dossi, was an Italian Renaissance painter who belonged to the School of Ferrara, painting in a style mainly influenced by Venetian painting, in particular Giorgione and early Titian.
Vittore Carpaccio (UK: /kɑːrˈpætʃ oʊ/, US: /-ˈpɑːtʃ-/, Italian: [vitˈtoːre karˈpattʃo]; was an Italian painter of the Venetian school who studied under Gentile Bellini. Carpaccio was largely influenced by the style of the early Italian Renaissance painter Antonello da Messina, as well as Early Netherlandish painting. Although often compared to his mentor Gentile Bellini, Vittore Carpaccio's command of perspective, precise attention to architectural detail, themes of death, and use of bold color differentiated him from other Italian Renaissance artists. Many of his works display the religious themes and cross-cultural elements of art at the time; his portrayal of Saint Augustine in His Study from 1502, reflects the popularity of collecting "exotic" and highly desired objects from different cultures.
BartolomeoMontagna was an Italian Renaissance painter who mainly worked in Vicenza. He also produced works in Venice, Verona, and Padua. He is most famous for his many Madonnas and his works are known for their soft figures and depiction of eccentric marble architecture. He is considered to be heavily influenced by Giovanni Bellini, in whose workshop he might have worked around 1470. Benedetto Montagna, a productive engraver, was his son and pupil and active until about 1540. He was mentioned in Vasari's Lives as a student of Andrea Mantegna but this is widely contested by art historians.
Marco Basaiti was a Venetian painter of the Renaissance who worked mainly in Venice and was a contemporary of Giovanni Bellini and Cima da Conegliano. He has been referred to by several names including Marco Baxaiti, Marcus Basitus, and Marcus Baxiti. There is little documentation on Marco Basaiti besides his painting signatures and a guild's ledger of 1530 that records him as a painter of figures.
Saint Jerome in His Study is a painting by the Italian Renaissance master Antonello da Messina. The painting depicts human, natural, and divine knowledge, and is filled with architectural qualities. It was the property of Antonio Pasqualino and afterwards of Thomas Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook; since 1894 it has been in the collection of the National Gallery, London.
St. Francis in Ecstasy is a painting by Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, started in 1475 and completed around 1480. Bellini depicted the religious figure of St. Francis of Assisi in a landscape. In 1852, the painting was listed on June 19 at Christie's. It was part of the 1857 Manchester Art Treasures exhibition. In 1915, Henry Clay Frick bought the painting for $170,000, and it remains in the Frick Collection, in New York City.
Italian Renaissance painting is the painting of the period beginning in the late 13th century and flourishing from the early 15th to late 16th centuries, occurring in the Italian Peninsula, which was at that time divided into many political states, some independent but others controlled by external powers. The painters of Renaissance Italy, although often attached to particular courts and with loyalties to particular towns, nonetheless wandered the length and breadth of Italy, often occupying a diplomatic status and disseminating artistic and philosophical ideas.
The decade of the 1450s in art involved many significant events, especially in sculpture.
The Feast of the Gods is an oil painting by the Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, with substantial additions in stages to the left and center landscape by Dosso Dossi and Titian. It is one of the few mythological pictures by the Venetian artist. Completed in 1514, it was his last major work. It is now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., which calls it "one of the greatest Renaissance paintings in the United States".
The Agony in the Garden is an early painting by the Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, who created it ca.1459–1465. It is a tempera painting on panel and is now in the National Gallery, London.
The Portrait of Doge Leonardo Loredan is a painting by Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, dating from c. 1501–02. It portrays Leonardo Loredan, the Doge of Venice from 1501 to 1521, in his ceremonial garments with the corno ducale worn over a linen cap, and is signed IOANNES BELLINVS on a cartellino. It is on display in the National Gallery in London.
The San Zaccaria Altarpiece is a painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Giovanni Bellini, executed in 1505 and located in the church of San Zaccaria, Venice.
Saint Jerome in the Wilderness or Saint Jerome in the Desert is a common subject in art depicting Jerome. In practice the same subject is often given titles such as Saint Jerome in Penitence and Saint Jerome Praying. Versions usually given a "wilderness" or "desert" title include:
St. Jerome in the Wilderness is a double-sided oil painting on panel by the German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer, executed around 1496, now in the National Gallery in London, where both sides are displayed.
Saint Jerome in the Wilderness is a painting in tempera on panel, measuring 51 by 40 cm and attributed to Andrea Mantegna. It dates to between 1448 and 1451 and is now in the São Paulo Museum of Art.
St. Jerome in the Desert is a 1505 oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington. Little remains of the signature on the first rock in the left foreground, but it has been confirmed as genuine during restoration and can be reconstructed as "[Johannes Bellinu]s. 1505". This is problematic, since the work's general style is linked to fashions no later than 1490, whereas Bellini's style of figures and landscapes had already begun to be influenced by Giorgione by 1500, with the backgrounds more fused and unified in terms of atmosphere. The composition makes it more analogous to his earlier works, such as the c. 1480 St. Jerome in the Desert. The Washington work may have been a collaboration, a work completed by a pupil in Bellini's studio or left incomplete and only finished by Bellini himself much later.
St. Jerome in the Desert or St. Jerome Reading in the Desert is a 1480 oil-on-panel painting by the Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, now in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence as part of the Contini Bonacossi collection, giving it its alternative title of The Contini Bonacossi St. Jerome.
The Madonna and Child with St. John the Baptist and a Female Saint or the Giovanelli Sacred Conversation is an oil painting on panel by the Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, dated to before 1504. It is kept in the Gallerie dell'Accademia of Venice.
... Bellini studied in the workshop of his father, Jacopo, where he probably painted this small panel, which is universally regarded as his earliest ...
In the case of Bellini, it is almost inevitable that his landscapes should be suffused with the figures and concepts of Christian devotion. In the Birmingham picture, Jerome and the lion are the protagonists of the story ...