St Helen's Church, Little Cawthorpe

St Helen's Church, Little Cawthorpe
St Helen's Church, Little Cawthorpe
	St Helen's Church, Little Cawthorpe Location in Lincolnshire
	Coordinates: 53°20′00″N0°02′11″E / 53.3332°N 0.0363°E
OS grid reference	TF 356 837
Location	Little Cawthorpe, Lincolnshire
Country	England
Denomination	Anglican
Website	Churches Conservation Trust
History
Dedication	Saint Helen
Architecture
Functional status	Redundant
Heritage designation	Grade II
Designated	9 March 1967
Architect(s)	R. J. Withers
Architectural type	Church
Style	Gothic Revival
Completed	1860
Specifications
Materials	Brick with slated roof

Last updated February 23, 2019

St Helen's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Little Cawthorpe, Lincolnshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building,^[1] and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.^[2] Little Cawthorpe is about 1 mile (1.6 km) southwest of the village of Legbourne, and 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Louth.^[2]^[3]

Redundant church is a phrase particularly used to refer to former Anglican church buildings no longer required for regular public worship in the United Kingdom, but may refer to any disused church building around the world.

Lincolnshire is a county in eastern England, with a long coastline on the North Sea to the east. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders Northamptonshire in the south for just 20 yards (18 m), England's shortest county boundary. The county town is the city of Lincoln, where the county council has its headquarters.

The National Heritage List for England (NHLE) is Historic England's official list of buildings, monuments, parks and gardens, wrecks, battlefields, World Heritage Sites and other heritage assets considered worthy of preservation. Properties on the list, or located within a conservation area, are protected from being altered or demolished without special permission from local government planning authorities.

History

The church was built in 1860, and designed by R. J. Withers.^[1] It was declared redundant in April 1996.^[4]

Architecture

Exterior

St Helen's is constructed in red brick, with decoration in dark burnt brick. The dressings are in limestone ashlar, with some green sandstone and marble. The roofs are slated with red ridge tiles.^[1] It is a small church, seating only about 60 people.^[4] Its plan is simple, and consists of a nave with a south porch, a chancel, and a north vestry with a chimney. At the west end is a bellcote. On the roof at the east end, and at the junction between the nave and the chancel are wrought iron finials. The bellcote has hung slates in its lower part, above which is a row of star-shaped openings. On its summit is a broached spirelet surmounted by a weathercock. At the west end of the church is a large pointed window with two lights. On the north side is the vestry with two lancet windows to the east. The vestry has a doorway with a small pointed window to its right, and in its east wall is a two-light pointed window. The east window is large, with three lights. Beneath it is a foundation stone inscribed with the date 1860. On the south side of the chancel is a two-light window, and there is a pair of lancet windows in the south wall of the nave. The gabled porch has a pointed doorway.^[1]

Limestone Sedimentary rocks made of calcium carbonate

Limestone is a sedimentary rock which is often composed of the skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, foraminifera, and molluscs. Its major materials are the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃).

Ashlar Finely dressed stone and associated masonry

Ashlar is finely dressed stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared or the structure built of it. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally cuboid, mentioned by Vitruvius as opus isodomum, or less frequently trapezoidal. Precisely cut "on all faces adjacent to those of other stones", ashlar is capable of very thin joints between blocks, and the visible face of the stone may be quarry-faced or feature a variety of treatments: tooled, smoothly polished or rendered with another material for decorative effect.

Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments.

Interior

Inside the church, the pointed chancel arch has two orders and is decorated with red diamond-shaped tiles. Its responds have marble shafts and ornate capitals. In the north wall of the chancel are three sharply pointed openings, the one to the east leading to the vestry. In the south wall is a plain sedilia. Behind the altar is an ornate reredos composed of encaustic tiles. The altar rail, the octagonal font, and the polygonal pulpit all date from the 19th century. There is a monument under the west window dated 1860.^[1] The windows contain richly coloured stained glass.^[2]

A respond is a half-pier or half-pillar which is bonded into a wall and designed to carry the springer at one end of an arch.

Capital (architecture) part of a column (architecture)

In architecture the capital or chapiter forms the topmost member of a column. It mediates between the column and the load thrusting down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting surface. The capital, projecting on each side as it rises to support the abacus, joins the usually square abacus and the usually circular shaft of the column. The capital may be convex, as in the Doric order; concave, as in the inverted bell of the Corinthian order; or scrolling out, as in the Ionic order. These form the three principal types on which all capitals in the classical tradition are based. The Composite order, established in the 16th century on a hint from the Arch of Titus, adds Ionic volutes to Corinthian acanthus leaves.

In ecclesiastical architecture, sedilia are seats, usually made of stone, found on the liturgical south side of an altar, often in the chancel, for use during Mass for the officiating priest and his assistants, the deacon and sub-deacon. The seat is often set back into the main wall of the church itself.

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References

1 2 3 4 5 Historic England, "Church of St Helen, Little Cawthorpe (1359663)", National Heritage List for England , retrieved 19 November 2013
1 2 3 St Helen's Church, Little Cawthorpe, Lincolnshire, Churches Conservation Trust , retrieved 9 December 2016
↑ Little Cawthorpe, Streetmap, retrieved 12 March 2011
1 2 Little Cawthorpe: Church History, GENUKI , retrieved 12 March 2011

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[hg-1] 1 2 3 4 5 Historic England, "Church of St Helen, Little Cawthorpe (1359663)", National Heritage List for England , retrieved 19 November 2013

[cct-2] 1 2 3 St Helen's Church, Little Cawthorpe, Lincolnshire, Churches Conservation Trust , retrieved 9 December 2016

[3] Little Cawthorpe, Streetmap, retrieved 12 March 2011

[genuki-4] 1 2 Little Cawthorpe: Church History, GENUKI , retrieved 12 March 2011