Stanley Fort | |
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Hong Kong | |
Coordinates | 22°12′04″N114°13′05″E / 22.201°N 114.218°E Coordinates: 22°12′04″N114°13′05″E / 22.201°N 114.218°E |
Type | Barracks |
Site history | |
Built | circa 1841 |
Built for | War Office |
In use | 1841-Present |
Garrison information | |
Occupants | People's Liberation Army Ground Force |
Stanley Fort | |||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 赤柱炮台 | ||||||||
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Stanley Fort is a military installation on the south side of Hong Kong Island. Built originally to serve the British Armed Forces,it now houses the Hong Kong garrison of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Force. It has also been used as Kai Chi Children's Centre and the Aberdeen Rehabilitation Centre. [1]
The fort,which occupied a site of 128 hectares,was founded in 1841 on the Stanley Peninsula at the southern side of Hong Kong Island. It had barracks and officers quarters. Coastal artillery batteries,such as Stanley Battery and Bluff Head Battery protected the southern approaches. During the Battle of Hong Kong on December 25,1941,the fort was where British and Canadian troops mounted a final counterattack against Japanese positions at St Stephen's College. The fallen servicemen were buried in the nearby Stanley Military Cemetery. [2]
The fort then became under the control of the Japanese who modified the fort to make it more shell-proof during the Second World War. In the late 1940s,Stanley Fort reverted to its former purpose as a British Army barracks. By the early 1950s the fort was base of the 27th Heavy Anti-aircraft Regiment and a small workshop operated by the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers. The fort had three-storied barracks,a two-storey NAAFI,medical facilities and a Company HQ building. It also had a parade ground and vehicle and equipment park. In 1997,control was handed to the People's Liberation Army following the Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong. [3]
The Stanley Battery Gun Emplacement at Stanley Fort is listed as one of the Grade I historic buildings and thus is protected under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance. [4]
Stanley,or Chek Chue,is a coastal town and a popular tourist attraction in Hong Kong. It is located on a peninsula on Hong Kong Island. It is east of Repulse Bay and west of Shek O,adjacent to Chung Hom Kok and Tai Tam. Administratively,it is part of the Southern District.
Stonecutters Island or Ngong Shuen Chau is a former island in Victoria Harbour,Hong Kong. Following land reclamation,it is now attached to the Kowloon Peninsula.
Murray House is a Victorian-era building in Stanley,Hong Kong. Built in the present-day business district of Central in 1846 as officers' quarters of the Murray Barracks,the building was moved to the south of Hong Kong Island during the 2000s.This building has become an iconic landmark in Hong Kong. After housing the Hong Kong Maritime Museum,now in Stanley,it is now home to restaurants and shops.
The Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building is a 113-metre (371 ft) tall,28-floor building located within the former HMS Tamar naval base on Lung Wui Road,Admiralty,Hong Kong. It serves as the headquarters of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison. The building is still popularly known by its old name as the Prince of Wales Building and is located adjacent to Tamar.
Fort York is an early 19th-century military fortification in the Fort York neighbourhood of Toronto,Ontario,Canada. The fort was used to house members of the British and Canadian militaries,and to defend the entrance of the Toronto Harbour. The fort features stone-lined earthwork walls and eight historical buildings within them,including two blockhouses. The fort forms a part of Fort York National Historic Site,a 16.6 ha (41-acre) site that includes the fort,Garrison Common,military cemeteries,and a visitor centre.
The Western Heights of Dover are one of the most impressive fortifications in Britain. They comprise a series of forts,strong points and ditches,designed to protect the country from invasion. They were created in the 18th and 19th centuries to augment the existing defences and protect the key port of Dover from both seaward and landward attack;by the start of the 20th century Dover Western Heights was collectively reputed to be the 'strongest and most elaborate' fortification in the country. The Army finally withdrew from the Heights in 1956–61;they are now a local nature reserve.
The Battle of Hong Kong,also known as the Defence of Hong Kong and the Fall of Hong Kong,was one of the first battles of the Pacific War in World War II. On the same morning as the attack on Pearl Harbor,forces of the Empire of Japan attacked the British Crown colony of Hong Kong,without declaring war against the British Empire. The Hong Kong garrison consisted of British,Indian and Canadian units,also the Auxiliary Defence Units and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC).
British Forces Overseas Hong Kong comprised the elements of the British Army,Royal Navy and Royal Air Force stationed in British Hong Kong. The Governor of Hong Kong also assumed the position of the commander-in-chief of the forces and the Commander British Forces in Hong Kong took charge of the daily deployment of the troops. Much of the British military left prior to the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997. The present article focuses mainly on the British garrison in Hong Kong in the post Second World War era. For more information concerning the British garrison during the Second World War and earlier,see the Battle of Hong Kong.
The People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison is a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA),responsible for defence duties in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) since the sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred to China in 1997. Prior to the handover of Hong Kong,the territory was under British rule,and the defence of the territory was the responsibility of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong,with auxiliary help from the Royal Hong Kong Regiment.
Fort Jay is a coastal bastion fort and the name of a former United States Army post on Governors Island in New York Harbor,within New York City. Fort Jay is the oldest existing defensive structure on the island,and was named for John Jay,a member of the Federalist Party,New York governor,Chief Justice of the United States,Secretary of State,and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. It was built in 1794 to defend Upper New York Bay,but has served other purposes. From 1806 to 1904 it was named Fort Columbus,presumably for explorer Christopher Columbus. Today,the National Park Service administers Fort Jay and Castle Williams as the Governors Island National Monument.
Larkhill is a garrison town in the civil parish of Durrington,Wiltshire,England. It lies about 1+3⁄4 miles (2.8 km) west of the centre of Durrington village and 1+1⁄2 mi (2.4 km) north of the prehistoric monument of Stonehenge. It is about 10 mi (16 km) north of Salisbury.
Lei Yue Mun Park and Holiday Village is a holiday village located in the east of Shau Kei Wan,facing Lei Yue Mun,with an area of 22.97 hectares. It used to be Lyemun Barracks,barracks for the British soldiers stationed in Hong Kong prior to its conversion into a holiday village,the only holiday camp owned by the government in the urban districts of Hong Kong.
Whitfield Barracks were barracks in Tsim Sha Tsui,Kowloon,Hong Kong. It was named after Henry Wase Whitfield,who was appointed commander of the British Army in Hong Kong in 1869. The area is now the site of Kowloon Park,where four reconverted barrack blocks and parts of the former Kowloon West II Battery remain.
The Victoria Barracks were a barracks in the Admiralty area of Central on Hong Kong Island,Hong Kong. The barracks were constructed between the 1840s and 1874,and situated within the area bounded by Cotton Tree Drive,Kennedy Road and Queensway. Together with Murray Barracks,Wellington Barracks and Admiralty Dock,the barracks formed a British military zone in Central. The barracks was named for Queen Victoria,monarch at the time of construction.
Gun Club Hill Barracks are barracks in King's Park,or in Jordan,Hong Kong formerly used by British Army garrisons during British colonial rule. The military began using the area shortly after 1860 when the British acquired Kowloon. The barracks are bounded by Austin Road,Jordan Path,Gascoigne Road and Chatham Road South.
Gascoigne Road is a main road in Kowloon,Hong Kong,going west-east from Nathan Road to Chatham Road South through the head of King's Park,leading vehicles from West Kowloon to the Cross-Harbour Tunnel.
Wellington Barracks was a military barracks located to the east of Garden Road in Admiralty,Hong Kong. One of many military complexes constructed by the British Army in the area,the land was returned to the Hong Kong government in the 1970s and gradually reverted to civilian use. As a result,the barracks was closed at the end of that decade,demolished in the mid-1980s and replaced with Harcourt Garden.
Murray Barracks was a barracks for the British Army garrisoned in Admiralty,Central in Hong Kong. It was named after Sir George Murray,the Master-General of the Ordnance at the time of construction.
The Military history of Hong Kong is dated back to Qin conquest. As Hong Kong is on the sea routes to the city of Guangzhou,the territories of Hong Kong served as an outer port. Amounts of pearl and salt are also located within the shores of Hong Kong as well. Thus,there is a long history of military and navy garrisoning the territory.
Ngong Shuen Chau Naval Base is part of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison and small naval base on Stonecutters Island,Hong Kong. It is home to the South Sea Fleet Squadron # 38081 and sub-base to the naval squadron of the South Sea Fleet. The area surrounding the base is off limits to civilian ship traffic.