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Streptomyces is the largest genus of Actinomycetota and the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. Over 500 species of Streptomyces bacteria have been described. As with the other Actinomycetota, streptomycetes are gram-positive, and have genomes with high GC content. Found predominantly in soil and decaying vegetation, most streptomycetes produce spores, and are noted for their distinct "earthy" odor that results from production of a volatile metabolite, geosmin.
Natamycin, also known as pimaricin, is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections around the eye. This includes infections of the eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea. It is used as eyedrops. Natamycin is also used in the food industry as a preservative.
Glufosinate is a naturally occurring broad-spectrum herbicide produced by several species of Streptomyces soil bacteria. Glufosinate is a non-selective, contact herbicide, with some systemic action. Plants may also metabolize bialaphos, another naturally occurring herbicide, directly into glufosinate. The compound irreversibly inhibits glutamine synthetase, an enzyme necessary for the production of glutamine and for ammonia detoxification, giving it antibacterial, antifungal and herbicidal properties. Application of glufosinate to plants leads to reduced glutamine and elevated ammonia levels in tissues, halting photosynthesis and resulting in plant death.
The Streptomycetaceae are a family of Actinomycetota, making up the monotypic order Streptomycetales. It includes the important genus Streptomyces. This was the original source of many antibiotics, namely streptomycin, the first antibiotic against tuberculosis.
Tectiviridae is a family of viruses with 10 species in five genera. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. Tectiviruses have no head-tail structure, but are capable of producing tail-like tubes of ~ 60×10 nm upon adsorption or after chloroform treatment. The name is derived from Latin tectus.
Streptomyces griseus is a species of bacteria in the genus Streptomyces commonly found in soil. A few strains have been also reported from deep-sea sediments. It is a Gram-positive bacterium with high GC content. Along with most other streptomycetes, S. griseus strains are well known producers of antibiotics and other such commercially significant secondary metabolites. These strains are known to be producers of 32 different structural types of bioactive compounds. Streptomycin, the first antibiotic ever reported from a bacterium, comes from strains of S. griseus. Recently, the whole genome sequence of one of its strains had been completed.
Streptomyces alkalithermotolerans is an alkaliphilic and thermotolerant bacterium species from the genus Streptomyces which has been isolated from the Lonar soda lake in India.
Streptomyces daliensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Dali in the Yunnan Province in China.
Streptomyces fildesensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from antarctic soil.
Streptomyces flavovirens is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces flavovirens produces the actinomycin complex and mureidomycin. A strain of this species has been used to produce pravastatin.
Streptomyces lunaelactis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from moonmilk speleothem from a cave in Comblain-au-Pont in Belgium. Streptomyces lunaelactis produces ferroverdin A
Streptomyces minutiscleroticus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces minutiscleroticus produces the antibiotic aburamycin.
Streptomyces muensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from a limestone quarry from Tangkhul Hundung in Manipur in India.
Streptomyces puniceus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces puniceus produces vinactane and viomycin.
Streptomyces seymenliensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from the Tuz Lake in the Seymenli in Turkey.
Streptomyces shenzhenensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from mangrove soil in Shenzhen in China.
Streptomyces tunisiensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from forest soil in Tunis in Tunisia. Streptomyces tunisiensis has antibacterial activity.
Streptomyces manipurensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from limestone from Hundung in India.
Streptomyces xiangtanensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil near the Xiangtan Manganese Mine.
References
- 1 2 "Species: Streptomyces roseifaciens". lpsn.dsmz.de.
- 1 2 "Streptomyces roseifaciens". www.uniprot.org.
- ↑ van der Aart, Lizah T.; Nouioui, Imen; Kloosterman, Alexander; Igual, José-Mariano; Willemse, Joost; Goodfellow, Michael; van Wezel, Gilles P. (1 April 2019). "Polyphasic classification of the gifted natural product producer Streptomyces roseifaciens sp. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 69 (4): 899–908. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003215.