Susan Hankinson

Last updated
Susan Hankinson
Alma mater Harvard School of Public Health
University of Maine
University of Minnesota
Scientific career
Institutions University of Massachusetts Amherst
Harvard University
Thesis Environmental determinants of cataract  (1992)
Doctoral students A. Heather Eliassen

Susan Hankinson is an American cancer researcher who is the Distinguished Professor of Epidemiology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her research considers cancer epidemiology and the etiology of breast cancer. Her work has demonstrated the relationship between hormones and breast cancer risk. In 2023, she was awarded the American Association for Cancer Research Award for Research Excellence in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention.

Contents

Early life and education

Hankinson studied nursing at the University of Maine. [1] After earning her bachelor's degree, she moved to the University of Minnesota, where she earned a master's degree in environmental health. In Minnesota, she earned a Masters of Public Health,[ citation needed ] before moving to Harvard University to complete a Doctor of Science. Her doctoral research looked at the environmental determinants of cataracts. [2]

Research and career

Hankinson is an expert in cancer epidemiology and the use of biomarkers in epidemiological studies. [3] She looks to develop more sophisticated prediction models for breast cancer diagnoses that helps women better understand their risk. [4] She created a breast cancer biomarker discovery program that demonstrated the association between hormones, lifestyle factors, and cancer risk. [2] [5] Her research demonstrated that women who used hormone replacement therapy were more likely to suffer from breast cancer than women who did not, and that the risk was highest amongst women who used a progestin–oestrogen combination therapy. [6] The increased risk associated with hormone replacement therapy depended on body mass index; women with a body mass index below 25 were most at risk. [6] [7]

From 2006 to 2010, Hankinson was Principal Investigator of the Nurses' Health Study, [3] where, in a trial of over 200,000 people, she investigated how lifestyle (dietary intake, obesity) and hormones impact cancer risk. [8] Her research showed that people who work night shifts experience a greater cancer risk. [9] She joined the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 2011. [4]

Hankinson has also studied the relationship between chronic stress and heart disease. [10] To do this, she studied metabolites in blood samples using mass spectrometry.

Hankinson received the 2020 American Association for Cancer Research Distinguished Lectureship in Breast Cancer Research award, [11] and was named by research.com as the 28th most highly cited women scientist in the world by research in 2022. [12] In 2023, she was awarded the American Association for Cancer Research award for Excellence in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. [13] [14] [15]

Selected publications

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Progestogen (medication)</span> Medication producing effects similar to progesterone

A progestogen, also referred to as a progestagen, gestagen, or gestogen, is a type of medication which produces effects similar to those of the natural female sex hormone progesterone in the body. A progestin is a synthetic progestogen. Progestogens are used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy. They can also be used in the treatment of gynecological conditions, to support fertility and pregnancy, to lower sex hormone levels for various purposes, and for other indications. Progestogens are used alone or in combination with estrogens. They are available in a wide variety of formulations and for use by many different routes of administration. Examples of progestogens include natural or bioidentical progesterone as well as progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethisterone.

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Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT), also known as bioidentical hormone therapy (BHT) or natural hormone therapy, is the use of hormones that are identical on a molecular level with endogenous hormones in hormone replacement therapy. It may also be combined with blood and saliva testing of hormone levels, and the use of pharmacy compounding to obtain hormones in an effort to reach a targeted level of hormones in the body. A number of claims by some proponents of BHT have not been confirmed through scientific testing. Specific hormones used in BHT include estrone, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and estriol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Drospirenone</span> Medication drug

Drospirenone is a progestin and antiandrogen medication which is used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy and in menopausal hormone therapy, among other uses. It is available both alone under the brand name Slynd and in combination with an estrogen under the brand name Yasmin among others. The medication is an analog of the drug spironolactone. Drospirenone is taken by mouth.

The Nurses' Health Study is a series of prospective studies that examine epidemiology and the long-term effects of nutrition, hormones, environment, and nurses' work-life on health and disease development. The studies have been among the largest investigations into risk factors for major chronic diseases ever conducted. The Nurses' Health Studies have led to many insights on health and well-being, including cancer prevention, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. They have included clinicians, epidemiologists, and statisticians at the Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health, and several Harvard-affiliated hospitals, including Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

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Feminizing hormone therapy, also known as transfeminine hormone therapy, is hormone therapy and sex reassignment therapy to change the secondary sex characteristics of transgender people from masculine or androgynous to feminine. It is a common type of transgender hormone therapy and is used to treat transgender women and non-binary transfeminine individuals. Some, in particular intersex people, but also some non-transgender people, take this form of therapy according to their personal needs and preferences.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Estrogen (medication)</span> Type of medication

An estrogen (E) is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy, and as part of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. They can also be used in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers like breast cancer and prostate cancer and for various other indications. Estrogens are used alone or in combination with progestogens. They are available in a wide variety of formulations and for use by many different routes of administration. Examples of estrogens include bioidentical estradiol, natural conjugated estrogens, synthetic steroidal estrogens like ethinylestradiol, and synthetic nonsteroidal estrogens like diethylstilbestrol. Estrogens are one of three types of sex hormone agonists, the others being androgens/anabolic steroids like testosterone and progestogens like progesterone.

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The timing hypothesis, gap hypothesis, gap theory, or critical window hypothesisfor menopausal hormone therapy is a scientific theory that the benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy vary depending on the amount of time a woman has been in menopause upon initiation of treatment. More specifically, it is thought that hormone therapy may be protective against coronary heart disease in women who initiate it in early menopause but may be harmful in women who start it in late menopause. The timing hypothesis may also extend to risks of breast cancer and dementia with hormone therapy. It is thought that the increase in breast cancer risk may be greater in women who start hormone therapy in early menopause but may be lower or that even decreased risk of breast cancer may occur in women who start in late menopause. The influence of hormone therapy on depressive symptoms may additionally be influenced by menopausal stage, with significant benefit seen in perimenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women. The timing hypothesis is potentially able to resolve conflicting findings between large observational studies and randomized controlled trials on long-term health outcomes with menopausal hormone therapy.

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Leslie Bernstein was an American cancer epidemiologist and biostatistician. Known particularly for her research on breast cancer, in 1994 Bernstein led a ground-breaking study that found a correlation between moderate exercise and breast cancer risk reduction. Bernstein received many awards for her research, including from the American Association for Cancer Research, and was described as the "mother of cancer epidemiology" by City of Hope.

References

  1. "Susan Hankinson to Lead Working Group of the American Association for Cancer Research". Women In Academia Report. 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  2. 1 2 "Susan Hankinson : Models to Medicine Center : UMass Amherst". www.umass.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  3. 1 2 "Susan Hankinson, RN, ScD | Nurses' Health Study". nurseshealthstudy.org. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  4. 1 2 "Target: Breast Cancer". issuu. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  5. "Hankinson Susan". UMass Chan Medical School. 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  6. 1 2 "New findings further clarify breast cancer risk with hormone therapy". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  7. SPHHS Dean's Seminar with Dr Susan Hankinson , retrieved 2023-03-18
  8. "Susan Hankinson – Society for Epidemiologic Research". 21 March 2015. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  9. "Rotating night shift work can be hazardous to your health". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  10. "Research Aims to Expand Understanding of Link Between Chronic Stress and Heart Disease, Among Other Age-related Conditions : UMass Amherst". www.umass.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  11. "Susan E. Hankinson, ScD, MPH, Receives AACR Distinguished Lectureship in Breast Cancer Research Award". ascopost.com. December 25, 2020. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  12. "Susan Hankinson Named No. 28 Female Scientist in the World by Research.com : UMass Amherst". www.umass.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  13. "Susan E. Hankinson, ScD". American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  14. "Susan Hankinson of the University of Massachusetts Honored for Her Work in Breast Cancer Research". Women In Academia Report. 2022-04-28. Retrieved 2023-03-18.
  15. "Hankinson honored for Research Excellence in Cancer Epidemiology". UMass System. 5 April 2022. Retrieved 2023-03-18.