Albert VII was the ruling Archduke of Austria for a few months in 1619 and, jointly with his wife, Isabella Clara Eugenia, sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1598 and 1621. Prior to this, he had been a cardinal, Archbishop of Toledo, viceroy of Portugal and Governor General of the Habsburg Netherlands. He succeeded his brother Matthias as reigning archduke of Lower and Upper Austria, but abdicated in favor of Ferdinand II the same year, making it the shortest reign in Austrian history.
The Arbëreshë, also known as Albanians of Italy or Italo-Albanians, are an Albanian ethnolinguistic group minority historically settled in Southern and Insular Italy.
Koca Sinan Pasha was an Albanian-born Ottoman Grand Vizier, military figure, and statesman. From 1580 until his death he served five times as Grand Vizier.
The Battle of Zutphen was fought on 22 September 1586, near the village of Warnsveld and the town of Zutphen, the Netherlands, during the Eighty Years' War. It was fought between the forces of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, aided by the English, against the Spanish. In 1585, England signed the Treaty of Nonsuch with the States-General of the Netherlands and formally entered the war against Spain. Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, was appointed as the Governor-General of the Netherlands and sent there in command of an English army to support the Dutch rebels. When Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and commander of the Spanish Army of Flanders, besieged the town of Rheinberg during the Cologne War, Leicester, in turn, besieged the town of Zutphen, in the province of Gelderland and on the eastern bank of the river IJssel.
The Stratioti or Stradioti were mercenary units from the Balkans recruited mainly by states of Southern Europe and Central Europe from the 15th century until the middle of the 18th century. They were largely of Albanian origin, others were of Greek and South Slavic origin. They pioneered light cavalry tactics in European armies in the early modern era.
The Guelders Wars were a series of conflicts in the Low Countries between the Duke of Burgundy, who controlled Holland, Flanders, Brabant, and Hainaut on the one side, and Charles, Duke of Guelders, who controlled Guelders, Groningen, and Frisia on the other side.
Ururi is an Arbëreshë comune in the Province of Campobasso, in the Italian region Molise, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Campobasso. Ururi developed in the late 16th century settlement when Albanian military captain Teodoro Crescia gained a feud for the annual sum of 300 ducats in a depopulated area near Larino. Until 1583, it was repopulated with many Albanian families.
The battle of Cadore, also known as the battle of Rio Secco or Rusecco, took place near Pieve di Cadore during the opening phase of the War of the League of Cambrai, part of the Italian Wars, on 2 March 1508, opposing the Venetian armies commanded by Bartolomeo d'Alviano and those of the Holy Roman Empire under the leadership of Sixt von Trautson. The battle resulted in a decisive Venetian victory, stopping the Habsburg invasion of Cadore and allowing the Venetians to reconquer all their lost strongholds as well as invade Habsburg-ruled lands in Friuli and the Julian March, besieging Trieste and marching on Istria. This would trigger the creation of the League of Cambrai and the beginning of the War of the League of Cambrai.
The Bua were a medieval Albanian tribe. The name is first attested in 14th-century historical documents as one of the Albanian tribes living in the Despotate of Epirus. Later on, the Bua settled southwards in the Peloponnese, and a part of them found refuge in Italy in the Arbëreshë migrations that followed the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans. A branch of the tribe regiments was ennobled in the Holy Roman Empire after its service in the Stratioti, a Balkan mercenary unit. Mërkur Bua, its most prominent member, was Count of Aquino and Roccasecca.
Heinrich XV, Prince Reuss of Greiz was the fourth of six sons born into the reigning family of the Principality of Reuss. At the age of fifteen he joined the army of the Habsburg monarchy and later fought against Ottoman Turkey. During the French Revolutionary Wars he became a general officer and saw extensive service. He commanded a corps during the Napoleonic Wars. From 1801 until his death, he was Proprietor (Inhaber) of an Austrian infantry regiment.
Mercurio Bua was an Albanian condottiero active in Italy. His father was Pjetër Bua, leader of the Albanians in the Morea in the 15th century. Born in Nauplia in 1478, Mercurio Bua moved to Venice in 1489 after his father's death and participated in the important phases of the Italian Wars serving the Republic of Venice, the Duke of Milan Ludovico Sforza, the Kingdom of France, the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I and then again Venice. For his deeds the King of France Louis XII rewarded him with the honorary title Count of Aquino and Roccasecca.
Demetrio Reres or Demetrius Reres is considered to have been a 15th-century Albanian and Calabrian nobleman. Since he is mentioned only in a document dating from 24 September 1665, 217 years after the events of the subject, and the document seems to have been falsified, the historicity of Demetrio Reres is debated among scholars.
The Himara Revolt of 1596 was an Albanian uprising organized by Archbishop Athanasius I of Ohrid in the region of Himara against the Ottoman Empire. It was part of a range of anti-Ottoman movements in the Western Balkans at the end of the 16th century during the Long Turkish War in the Balkans. The revolt received the support of various western powers and was instigated through local leaders, scholars and clergy as well as Greek military figures in their service.
Giovanni Renesi was an Albanian military captain and mercenary. He was involved in the organization of spy networks in the Ottoman Empire in support of the Catholic powers of southern Europe and he participated in several plans for large-scale revolts against the Ottomans.
The Renesi were a medieval Albanian tribe from the region around Lezhë, in northern Albania. The Renesi were Catholic. Some members of the Renesi migrated in Dalmatia and settled in the city of Zara. They became a numerous and important stradiotic family serving the Republic of Venice in the Adriatic cities, as well as the Kingdom of Naples. Forty stradiote members of Renesi are known.
Giovanni Renesi was an ethnic Albanian stratioti captain, serving the Kingdom of Naples in the late 16th century. He participated in various war actions, counting in 1590 twenty-six years of service.
Giorgio Renesi was an ethnic Albanian stratioti captain, serving the Republic of Venice in the late 16th century. He participated in various war actions, and fought in different fronts during the Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573).
The name Renësi derives from Latin: Laurentius through Albanian sound changes. The unstressed Lau- was removed, while the subsequent reduction of the second "e" in Renes-i to a deaf schwa (/ë/) created the alternative form Rens, which is also found in Spanish documents. Also the toponym Renc of a village near Shkodër in northern Albania was likely derived from the Christian martyr venerated in the area, Saint Lawrence. The village is also known with the form Renesi.
