Terminal Bridge | |
---|---|
Coordinates | 39°19′02″N94°54′24″W / 39.31722°N 94.90667°W Coordinates: 39°19′02″N94°54′24″W / 39.31722°N 94.90667°W [1] |
Carries | Rail, road, and pedestrians |
Crosses | Missouri River |
Locale | Leavenworth, Kansas, and East Leavenworth, Missouri |
Characteristics | |
Design | Through-truss swing bridge |
Total length | 1,100 feet (340 m) |
Longest span | 330 feet (100 m) Moveable span 220 feet (67 m) |
No. of spans | 4 |
Piers in water | 3 |
History | |
Engineering design by | Colonel George Morrison |
Construction start | December 20, 1892 |
Construction end | December 30, 1893 |
Inaugurated | January 2, 1894 |
Closed | 1987 |
Location | |
The Terminal Bridge was a pontoon bridge and then a through-truss swing bridge at Leavenworth, Kansas. The pontoon bridge opened in 1889. The steel truss bridge opened on January 2, 1894, and was demolished in 1987.
Not long after the opening of the Fort Bridge, the people of Leavenworth found they were not getting the benefits of growth and prosperity expected from access to lands north and west of town. Judge Edward Stillings was one of the most vocal citizens for a new bridge closer to town. Judge Stillings died in 1890, before the steel bridge opened. A plaque was installed on the bridge in his honor. [2]
Prior to construction of the swing bridge, a pontoon bridge with a moveable span was at this location. Judge Stillings and others formed the Leavenworth Bridge Company and received a charter from Congress in 1884 to build either a fixed or moveable bridge. [3] The bridge chartered by this act was not built. Instead a pontoon bridge would be chartered to the Leavenworth and Platte County Bridge Company in 1889. [4] [5] [6] Judge Stillings' son, Vinton Stillings, financed the work. [2] In the summer of 1889, twenty thousand people attended the opening of the pontoon bridge and watched a town fire truck drive across the span. Success of the pontoon bridge led to the decision to replace it with a steel structure. [7]
The Leavenworth Terminal Railway & Bridge Company was established in January 1892 to build a second bridge across the Missouri River and expand the rail infrastructure in Leavenworth. The company was formed by Elmore W. Snyder and Vinton Stallings. [8] The charter to operate the pontoon bridge and to construct the moveable swing bridge transferred to the new company. [9]
Construction of the swing bridge started on December 20, 1892, and was completed by December 30, 1893, when the first train crossed. The bridge opened to carry trains, vehicles (wagons), and pedestrians across the river. There were three fatalities during construction of the bridge. Two workers fell into the river and the third was crushed by a falling derrick. [2]
The Leavenworth Standard reported that there were eight thousand people present on January 2, 1894 for the opening ceremony of the bridge. The parade included cavalry troops from nearby Fort Leavenworth.
When the Fort Bridge reopened as a toll-free vehicular bridge, the operators of the Terminal Bridge removed the wooden decking and no longer allowed vehicles and pedestrians to cross. The bridge was demolished in 1987 by Carney Bridge Demolition Company. Seven hundred twenty pounds of explosives were used to demolish the final pier to be removed. [10]
The Terminal Bridge was a swing bridge with through truss spans. The bridge was designed by Colonel George Morrison. The pivot span was a truss 440 feet (130 m) in length with two equal spans of 220 feet (67 m). There were two approach spans of 330 feet (100 m) on the east side of the pivot truss. The three central piers were constructed on pneumatic caissons, and the two end piers were on pile foundations. The truss was built with both steel and wrought iron members, and also included wooden decking. [2]
Construction of the substructure was completed by Missouri Valley Bridge and Iron Company. Construction of the superstructure was completed by Union Bridge Company of New York. [2]
The Steel Bridge is a through truss, double-deck vertical-lift bridge across the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon, United States, opened in 1912. Its lower deck carries railroad and bicycle/pedestrian traffic, while the upper deck carries road traffic, and light rail (MAX), making the bridge one of the most multimodal in the world. It is the only double-deck bridge with independent lifts in the world and the second oldest vertical-lift bridge in North America, after the nearby Hawthorne Bridge. The bridge links the Rose Quarter and Lloyd District in the east to Old Town Chinatown neighborhood in the west.
A swing bridge is a movable bridge that has as its primary structural support a vertical locating pin and support ring, usually at or near to its center of gravity, about which the turning span can then pivot horizontally as shown in the animated illustration to the right. Small swing bridges as found over canals may be pivoted only at one end, opening as would a gate, but require substantial underground structure to support the pivot.
The Coraopolis Bridge is a girder bridge over the back channel of the Ohio River connecting Grand Avenue on Neville Island to Ferree Street in Coraopolis, Pennsylvania. It opened in 1995 to replace a structure of historic significance. The original Pratt/Bowstring/Pennsylvania through truss spans, designed by Theodore Cooper, were formerly the (third) Sixth Street Bridge, spanning the Allegheny River, in downtown Pittsburgh, and were built in 1892 by the Union Bridge Company. They were floated downstream by the Foundation Company in 1927 rather than being demolished when the bridge was removed to enable construction of the present (fourth) Three Sisters (Pittsburgh) Sixth Street Self-anchored suspension bridge. However, by the late 1980s, the old bridge could no longer support traffic volumes and was replaced by a newer structure.
The University Heights Bridge is a steel-truss revolving swing bridge across the Harlem River in New York City, connecting the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx. The bridge is operated and maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation. It links West 207th Street in Inwood, Manhattan, and West Fordham Road in University Heights, Bronx.
The Armour-Swift-Burlington (ASB) Bridge, also known as the North Kansas City Bridge and the LRC Bridge, is a rail crossing over the Missouri River in Kansas City, Missouri, that formerly handled automobile traffic.
The First Hannibal Bridge was the first permanent rail crossing of the Missouri River and helped establish Kansas City, Missouri as a major city and rail center. The increased train traffic resulting from its construction also contributed to the building of Union Depot, the predecessor to the Kansas City Union Station.
The Kentucky & Indiana Bridge is one of the first multi modal bridges to cross the Ohio River. It is for both railway and common roadway purposes together. By federal, state, and local law railway and streetcar, wagon-way, and pedestrian modes of travel were intended by the City of New Albany, City of Louisville, State of Kentucky, State of Indiana, the United States Congress, and the bridge owners. The K & I Bridge connects Louisville, Kentucky to New Albany, Indiana. Constructed from 1881 to 1885 by the Kentucky and Indiana Bridge Company, the original K&I Bridge opened in 1886. It included a single standard gauge track and two wagon ways, allowing wagons and other animal powered vehicles to cross the Ohio River by a method other than ferry for the first time. At the time motorized vehicles were virtually nonexistent. The K&I Bridge company also owned a ferry boat operation during both the 1st and 2nd bridge; eventually that operation was sold as the bridge's success largely outmoded boat usage.
The Hawkesbury River railway bridge is a heritage-listed railway bridge in New South Wales, Australia that carries the Main North railway line across the Hawkesbury River. It is located just north of the town of Brooklyn on the northern outskirts of Sydney. The railway bridge was to be the last link in a railway network that linked the state capitals Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane and was a major engineering feat at the time. The original railway bridge was built in 1889 and replaced by the current bridge in 1946. The 1946 bridge was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
Cairo Rail Bridge is the name of two bridges crossing the Ohio River near Cairo, Illinois. The original was an 1889 George S. Morison through truss and deck truss bridge replaced by the current bridge in 1952. The second and current bridge is a through truss bridge that reused many of the original bridge piers. As of 2018, trains like the City of New Orleans travel over the Ohio River supported by the same piers whose construction began in 1887.
The Bellefontaine Bridge is a four-span truss railroad bridge over the Missouri River between St. Charles County, Missouri, and St. Louis County, Missouri. It has four 440-foot (130 m) spans. Construction started on July 4, 1892, and the bridge opened on December 27, 1893.
The East Haddam Swing Bridge is a steel, movable (swing) truss bridge. The bridge is composed of three spans crossing the Connecticut River between Haddam, Connecticut and East Haddam, Connecticut. The bridge carries Route 82, with an average daily traffic of 11,600. At the time of its construction, it was reputed to be the longest swing bridge of its kind in the world.
The Oregon Trunk Rail Bridge or Celilo Bridge is a single-track railroad bridge opened in 1912 over the Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It consists of eight steel truss spans and several deck girder spans, and since 1957 it has included a vertical-lift section. The bridge was designed by engineer Ralph Modjeski and erected by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., of Leavenworth, Kansas.
The Chicago and North Western Railway's Kinzie Street railroad bridge is a single leaf bascule bridge across the north branch of the Chicago River in downtown Chicago, Illinois. At the time of its opening in 1908 it was the world's longest and heaviest bascule bridge. The previous bridges on the same site included a pedestrian span that was the first bridge across the Chicago River; a second bridge that served as Chicago's first railroad bridge; and a third bridge that was one of the first all-steel spans in the United States.
The Intercity Viaduct is an automobile and pedestrian crossing of the Kansas River in the United States. Designed by Waddell and Hedrick, this four lane, two level deck truss bridge was built in 1907. It rises above the West Bottoms, and several sets of railroad tracks. It was the first roadway bridge to connect Kansas City, Missouri, with Kansas City, Kansas, non-stop all the way across. It is about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and carries eastbound traffic for Interstate 70 (I-70)/U.S. Route 24 (US 24)/US 40/US 169, while its sister bridge, the Lewis and Clark Viaduct, built in 1962, carries westbound traffic.
The West Jefferson Avenue–Rouge River Bridge is a bridge located where Jefferson Avenue crosses the Rouge River at the border of Detroit and River Rouge, Michigan. It is the only surviving pony truss bascule bridge in the state of Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
The Illinois Central Missouri River Bridge, also known as the IC Bridge or the East Omaha Bridge, is a rail through truss double swing bridge across the Missouri River connecting Council Bluffs, Iowa, with Omaha, Nebraska. It is owned by the Canadian National Railway and is closed to all traffic. At 521 feet long, the second version of the bridge was the longest swing bridge in the world from when it was completed in 1903 through 1915. In 1975 it was regarded as the third longest swing bridge.
The Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., also known as Missouri Valley Bridge Company, was a engineering, construction, and steel fabrication firm that operated through the late nineteenth and most of the twentieth centuries. It was based in Leavenworth, Kansas, with a WWII facility in Evansville, Indiana.
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad Bridge No. 1 was a swing steel through truss that spanned the Schuylkill River between Philadelphia, Pennsylvania's Kingsessing and Grays Ferry neighborhoods.
The Oakland Mills Bridge is a historic structure located in Oakland Mills Park southwest of Mount Pleasant, Iowa, United States. The span carried Hickory Road over the Skunk River for 358 feet (109 m). In July 1876 the Henry County Board of Supervisors decided to locate the bridge over the Skunk River at Oakland Mills. After engineers looked over the proposals, they choose the Missouri Valley Bridge and Iron Company of Leavenworth, Kansas to build the structure. The long-span combination Pratt truss through and pony truss was completed later the same year. The steel components where manufactured by the Phoenix Iron Company of Pennsylvania. It is one of the oldest Pratt through truss bridges in Iowa. Long closed to vehicular traffic, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
The Kansas and Missouri Bridge was an iron truss bridge across the Missouri River at Fort Leavenworth. The bridge opened in 1872 and closed permanently in 1955.